ADVANCED WEB PROGRAMMING (3161611)

B. E. in Information Technology Engineering

Database Programming with Node JS and MongoDB

Prof. Chintan Makwana

Assistant Professor
Information Technology Department
Shantilal Shah Engineering College, Bhavnagar
www.sites.google.com/view/chintanmakwana

EVEN – 2023 Term

Gujarat Technological University
1
Outline
• Basics of MongoDB
• Data types
• Connect Node JS with MongoDB
• Operations on data (Insert, Find, Query, Sort, Delete, Update) using Node JS

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Basics of MongoDB
• MongoDB is cross-platform, open-source, document-oriented, no sequel
(NoSQL) database.

• NoSQL, also referred to as “not only SQL”, “non-SQL”, is an approach to

database design that enables the storage and querying of data outside the
traditional structures found in relational databases.
• Instead of storing your data in tables and rows as you would with a relational
database, in MongoDB you store JSON-like documents.

• mongoDB = “Humongous DB”

• Open-source
• Document-oriented
• “High performance, high availability”
• Automatic scaling 3
Basics of MongoDB

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Basics of MongoDB
• Documents store data with the help of key-value pair.
• A Collection is a group of documents.
• These collections are stored in the MongoDB database.

SQL mongoDB
Row / Tuple Document (JSON, BSON)
Table Collection
Database Database

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Basics of MongoDB
• JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
• Easy for humans to write/read, easy for computers to parse/generate
• Objects can be nested
• Built on
• name/value pairs

• BSON (Binary JavaScript Object Notation)

• Binary-encoded serialization of JSON-like docs
• Goals
• Lightweight
• Traversable
• Efficient (decoding and encoding)
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Basics of MongoDB
• BSON Example ( Key : Value )

{
“rollno" : “6001”,
“name" : “Rahul"
}

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Data types of MongoDB
• Int32 / Int64
• String
• Boolean
• Binary
• Double
• Decimal128
• MinKey / MaxKey
• Array
• Object / ObjectId
• Symbol
• Null
• Date
• TimeStamp
• BSONRegExp / BSONSymbol
• Undefined 8
Applications of MongoDB
• Internet of Things
• Mobile Application
• Real time analysis
• Personalization
• Catalog management
• Content management

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Features of MongoDB
• Ad-hoc queries for optimized, real-time analytics
• Indexing appropriately for better query executions
• Replication for better data availability and stability
• Sharding
• Load balancing

• Detail Reference : https://www.mongodb.com/what-is-mongodb/features

10
Download MongoDB for Windows

• Download Link-1 : https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/community

• Download Link-2 : http://www.mongodb.org/downloads.

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Download MongoDB for Windows

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Install MongoDB on Windows

• Installation Steps :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3onrnxcfio&list=PLFaWDe_XIA4pMorG
ET0zpP9qJHVO4aC6E&index=4

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Download MongoDB Shell on Windows

• Download Link : https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/shell

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Download MongoDB Shell on Windows

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Install MongoDB Shell on Windows

• Installation Steps:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oC6sKlhz0OE&t=234s

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MongoDB Shell Commands
(1) Database related Commands

(2) Collection related Commands

(3) Document related Commands

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MongoDB Shell Database Commands
(1) Create Database
Syntax: use Database_name
Example: use PracticeDB

(2) Display Database

Syntax: show dbs

(3) Drop Database

Syntax: db.dropDatabase()

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MongoDB Shell Collection Commands
(1) Create Collections
Syntax: db.createCollection(name)
Example: db.createCollection(“students”)

(2) Display Collection

Syntax: show collections

(3) Drop Collection

Syntax: db.collection_name.drop()
Example: db.students.drop()

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MongoDB Shell Document Commands
• List of CRUD Operations for Documents
1. Create
2. Read
3. Update
4. Delete

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MongoDB Create Operations
• Create or insert operations add new documents to a collection. If the collection
does not currently exist, insert operations will create the collection.

• Syntax:
• db.collection.insertOne()
• db.collection.insertMany()

• Example:
• db.students.insertOne ( { rollno:6001 , name: “Umang” } )
• db.students.insertMany ([
{ rollno:6002 , name: “Dhaval” } ,
{ rollno:6003 , name: “Ajay” }
]) 21
MongoDB Read Operations
• Read operations retrieve documents from a collection; i.e. query a collection
for documents. MongoDB provides the following methods to read documents
from a collection:

• Syntax:
• db.collection.find()
• Example:
• db.students.find()
• db.students.find ( { rollno : 6001 } )
• db.students.find ( { rollno : { $in: [ 6001 , 6003 ] } } )

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MongoDB Update Operations
• Update operations modify existing documents in a collection. MongoDB
provides the following methods to update documents of a collection:

• Syntax:
• db.collection.updateOne()
• db.collection.updateMany()

• Example:
• db.students.updateOne({ rollno : 6002 } , {$set: {name : “Ajay” } } )
• db.students.updateMany( { rollno : { $gt : 6160 } } ,
{ $set {name : “Undefine” } } )

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MongoDB Delete Operations
• Delete operations remove documents from a collection. MongoDB provides
the following methods to delete documents of a collection:
• Syntax:
• db.collection.deleteOne()
• db.collection.deleteMany()

• Example:
• db.students.deleteOne ( { rollno : 6160 } )
• db.students.deleteMany ( { rollno : 6160 } )

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Download Node.js on Windows

• Download Link : https://nodejs.org/en/

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Download Node.js on Windows

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Install npm package of mongodb

project_path > npm install mongodb

Package Details: https://www.npmjs.com/package/mongodb

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Connect.js
const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb');

// Connection URL
const url = 'mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017';
const client = new MongoClient(url);

// Database Name
const dbName = 'practiceDB';

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Connect.js
async function main() {
// Use connect method to connect to the server
await client.connect();
console.log('Connected successfully to server');
const db = client.db(dbName);
const collection = db.collection('students');

// CRUD Operation Code

return 'done.';
}

main()
.then(console.log)
.catch(console.error)
.finally(() => client.close());
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MongoDB-NodeJS Insert Operations
• Insert operations add new documents to a collection. MongoDB provides the
following methods to insert documents into a collection:
• Syntax:
• collection.insertOne()
• collection.insertMany()

• Example:
• collection.insertOne ( { rollno:6001 , name: “Umang” } )
• collection.insertMany ([
{ rollno:6002 , “name”: “Dhaval” } ,
{ rollno:6003 , “name”: “Ajay” }
])
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MongoDB-NodeJS Insert Operations
// insertOne() Operation Code
const insertResult = await collection.insertOne(
{ rollno: 6001 , name:“Umang" });

console.log('Inserted documents =>', insertResult);

// insertMany() Operation Code

const insertResult = await collection.insertMany([
{ rollno: 6002 , name:"Dhaval" },
{ rollno: 6003 , name:"Ajay" } ]);

console.log('Inserted documents =>', insertResult);

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MongoDB-NodeJS Find Operations
• Find operations retrieve documents from a collection; i.e. query a collection for
documents. MongoDB provides the following methods to retrieve documents
from a collection:

• Syntax:
• collection.find({}).toArray()
• Example:
• db.students.find({}).toArray()
• db.students.find ({“rollno”:6001}) .toArray()
• db.students.find ( { “rollno” : { $in: [ 6001 , 6003 ] } } ) .toArray()

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MongoDB-NodeJS Find Operations
// Read: find() Operation...
const findResult = await collection.find({}).toArray();
console.log('Found documents =>', findResult);

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MongoDB-NodeJS Query Operations
// Read: find() Operation...
const queryResult = await collection.find({rollno:6001}).toArray();
console.log('Found documents =>', queryResult);

// Read: find() Operation...

const queryResult = await collection.find(
{rollno:{$in:[6001,6003]}}).toArray();
console.log('Found documents =>', queryResult);

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MongoDB-NodeJS Sort Operation
// Sort() Operation...
const sortResult = await collection.find({}).sort( {rollno:1}
).toArray();

console.log(‘Sorted documents =>', sortResult);

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MongoDB-NodeJS Update Operations
• Update operations modify existing documents in a collection. MongoDB
provides the following methods to update documents of a collection:

• Syntax:
• collection.updateOne()
• collection.updateMany()

• Example:
• collection.updateOne({ rollno : 6001 } , {$set: {name : “ajay” } } )
• collection.updateMany({ rollno : 6002 } , {$set: {name : “dipak” } } )

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MongoDB-NodeJS Update Operations
// updateOne() Operation...
const updateResult = await collection.updateOne(
{ rollno: 6001 }, { $set: { name: "ajay" } });

console.log('Updated documents =>', updateResult);

// updateMany() Operation...
const updateResult = await collection.updateMany(
{ rollno: 6002 }, { $set: { name: “dipak" } });

console.log('Updated documents =>', updateResult);

37
MongoDB-NodeJS Delete Operations
• Delete operations remove documents from a collection. MongoDB provides
the following methods to delete documents of a collection:
• Syntax:
• collection.deleteOne()
• collection.deleteMany()

• Example:
• collection.deleteOne ( { rollno : 6001} )
• collection.deleteMany ( { rollno : 6002} )

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MongoDB-NodeJS Delete Operations
// deleteOne() Operation...
const deleteResult = await collection.deleteOne (
{ rollno: 6001 });
console.log('Deleted documents =>', deleteResult );

// deleteMany() Operation...
const deleteResult = await collection.deleteMany (
{ rollno: 6002 });
console.log('Deleted documents =>', deleteResult );

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