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Best Way to Become Android Developer – A
Complete Roadmap
Difficulty Level : Easy ● Last Updated : 13 Dec, 2022
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Android is an open-source operating system, based on the Linux kernel and used in mobile
devices like smar tphones, tablets, etc. Fur ther, it was developed for smar twatches and
Android T V. Each of them has a specialized inter face. Android has been one of the best-
selling OS for smar tphones. Android OS was developed by Android Inc. which Google
bought in 2005. Various applications like games, music player, camera, etc. are built for
these smar tphones for running on Android. Google Play Store features quite 3.3 million
apps. Today, Android remains dominant on a global scale. Approximately 75% of the world
population prefers using Android as against 15% of iOS. It is an operating system that has a
huge market for apps.
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It is known to ever yone that how popular is Android nowadays. Now the questions arise are,
Why Android(Decide the Goal First?), how to star t? Where to star t? What topic s one
should cover? etc, etc. Do you need to learn all the concepts from a book or you should go
with some online tutorials or you should learn Android by doing some projects on it? So in
this ar ticle, we are going to discuss all these things in detail.
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Why Android? (Decide the Goal First?)
So before jumping into the complete Roadmap of Android one should have a clear goal in
his/her mind that why he/she wants to learn Android? Is it for your college academic
projects? or is it for your long-term career? or do you want to build your apps to star t your
business? So first make a clear goal. Why do you want to learn Android? For example, if
you want to learn Android for your college Academic projects then it ’s enough to just learn
the beginner things in Android. Similarly, if you want to build your long term career then you
should learn the professional or advanced things also. So it ’s on your hand and it ’s your
decision why you want to learn Android.
How to Learn Android?
In Android, programming is done in two languages JAVA or Kotlin and XML(Extension
Markup Language). The XML file deals with the design, presentation, layouts, blueprint,
etc (as a front-end) while the JAVA or KOTLIN deals with working of buttons, variables,
storing, etc (as a back-end). And the biggest confusion for an Android beginner is which
language to choose between Java and Kotlin? So let me tr y to overcome the confusion
first.
Java or Kotlin?
Kotlin is the official language for Android App Development Declared by Google and it is
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the most used language as well. Many of the apps in the Play Store are built with Kotlin and
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it is also the most suppor ted language by Google. Kotlin is fast and easy than java. Kotlin
also include Lot of new features and libraries that is not present in Java.
Java is the native language used by Android, applications that helps to communicate with
the operating system and hardware that directly uses Java. This language allows the
creation of any program and suppor ts almost all types of machines, and OS X be it Android,
Windows, or Linux. Java was developed by Sun Microsystems (now the proper ty of Oracle)
and one can use Microser vices with Java.
Kotlin is a cross-platform programming language that can be used as an alternative to Java
for Android App Development. It has also been declared “official” language by google .
The only sizable difference is that Kotlin removes one of the features of Java such as null
pointer exceptions. It also removes the use of semicolon at the end of ever y line . In shor t,
Kotlin is much simpler for beginners as compared to Java and Now most of developer also
shif t from java to Kotlin for Android App Development.
So my recommendation for a beginner is to go with Kotlin . Why Kotlin? Kotlin is
approved by google and Google has already declared Kotlin as a official language .
Kotlin is ver y easy and fast than java and code of kotlin is ver y shor t and neat than
Java.
Learning Resources
There are plenty of resources and videos available online and it ’s confusing for developers
where to star t learning all the concepts. Initially, as a beginner, if you get over whelmed
with so many concepts then don’t be afraid and stop learning. Have patience, explore, and
stay committed to it.
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The best way to learn Android is by developing some baby projects to some
advanced projects.
Some useful learning resource links available at GeeksforGeeks :
Java Programming L anguage
Kotlin Programming L anguage
XML
Android
A Roadmap to Learn
Star t with the Over view of Android. Read some android related blogs and also research
some Android-related things. For example read blogs on Introduction to Android
Development, Histor y of Android, Different Versions of Android, and also topic s like Why
Kotlin will replace Java for Android App Development, etc. etc. and make a complete mind
makeup to star t your journey on Android. Make yourself self-motivated to learn Android
and build some awesome projects on Android. Do it regularly and also star t learning one by
one new concept on Android. It will be ver y better to join some workshops or conferences
on Android before you star t your journey. Make your goal clear and move on toward your
goal.
1) Programming
One may consider this step as a prerequisite. Learn these programming languages before
you star t learning Android.
Java Programming L anguage
Kotlin Programming L anguage
Sound Knowledge of XML (Extensible Markup L anguage)
2) Android Studio
It ’s better to know your tools before you are going to use it. Android Studio is the official
Integrated Development Environment for Google’s Android operating system, built on
JetBrains’ IntelliJ IDE A sof tware and designed specifically for Android development.
File Structure :
AndroidManifest.xml file
Java file
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L ayout file
mipmap file
colors.xml file
strings.xml file
styles.xml file
build.gradle(Module: app) file
Android Studio Over view:
Create a new project
Reopen, close, save the project
Create a new activity, classes, drawable resource files
Run the app on AVD of Emulator or in a real device etc.
3) Android Components
There are some necessar y building blocks that an Android application consists of. These
loosely coupled components are bound by the application manifest file which contains a
description of each component and how they interact.
Activity:
Activity life cycle
Handle Activity State Changes
Understand Tasks and Back Stack
Processes and Application Lifecycle
Ser vices :
Types of Android Ser vices
The Life Cycle of Android Ser vices
Content Provider:
Content URI
Operations in Content Provider
Working of the Content Provider
Creating a Content Provider
Broadcast Receiver:
Implicit Broadcast Exceptions
4) Simple UI Design
Af ter you got an idea about the different components of Android then star t exploring some
simple UI design which is given below.
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Frame
Linear
Relative
Constraint
View Elements :
TextView
EditText
Buttons
ImageView
Intent :
Implicit
Explicit
Intent Filter
5) Complex UI Design
Once you have a command on simple UI design then solely move to the complex UI design
par t such as:
ListView
RecycleVIew
Fragments
Dialogs
Toast
Bottom Sheets
Navigation Drawer
Tabs
Material Design
Some inser ting Animations
6) Storage
In Android, there are three types of the storage system:
Shared Preferences
File System
Database
RoomDB
7) Build
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Debug/ Release Configuration
8) Threading
Threads
Looper
9) Debugging
One of the most impor tant skills of a developer is debugging skills. So the developer must
learn these things:
Exceptions
Error Handling
Logging
Memor y Profiling
10) Memor y Leaks
Cause of memor y leaks
Detecting and fixing memor y leaks
Context
11) Third-Par ty Libraries
Image Loading Libraries
Glide
Picasso
Fresco
COIL
Dependency Injection
Dragger
Networking
Retrofit
Multithreading
Coroutines
Rxjava
12) Android Jetpack
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guidance to help make it quick and easy to build great Android apps. It provides
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common infrastructure code so you can focus on what makes your app unique.
AppCompat librar y
Architecture components,
Animation and transitions
Android Ktx
Navigation
Paging
Slices
WorkManager
13) Android Architecture
The three famous architecture in the Android world are:
MVVM (Model–View–ViewModel)
MVI (Model-View-Intent)
MVP (Model View Presenter)
14) Firebase
FCM (Firebase Cloud Messaging)
Analytic s
Remote Config
App Indexing
15) Unit Testing
Local Unit Testing
Instrumentation Testing
16) Security
Encr ypt / Decr ypt
Proguard
17) App Release
Signed APK
Play Store
18) Keep Practicing and Read Some Android Tips
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“Practice makes a man per fect ” which tells the impor tance of continuous practice in any
subject to learn anything. So keep practicing and read some Android tips such as Tips to
Improve Your Android Development Skills, Tips to Get Your Android App Featured on Google
Play Store, etc. Below is a complete diagrammatical representation of the Android
Roadmap.
111
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Ar ticle Contributed By :
AmiyaRanjanRout
@AmiyaRanjanRout
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Current difficulty : Easy
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Improved By : ayushluthra62, codearcade
Article Tags : android, Technical Scripter 2020, Android, GBlog, Technical Scripter
Practice Tags : Android, Android
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