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Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) - Scale Items and
Scoring Information
Research · December 2016
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Gregory Zimet
Indiana University School of Medicine
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Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
Instructions: We are interested in how you feel about the following statements. Read each statement
carefully. Indicate how you feel about each statement.
Circle the “1” if you Very Strongly Disagree
Circle the “2” if you Strongly Disagree
Circle the “3” if you Mildly Disagree
Circle the “4” if you are Neutral
Circle the “5” if you Mildly Agree
Circle the “6” if you Strongly Agree
Circle the “7” if you Very Strongly Agree
Very Very
Strongly Strongly Mildly Mildly Strongly Strongly
Disagree Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Agree Agree
1. There is a special person who
is around when I am in need. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. There is a special person with
whom I can share joys and sorrows. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3. My family really tries to help me. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4. I get the emotional help & support
I need from my family. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5. I have a special person who is
a real source of comfort to me. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6. My friends really try to help me. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7. I can count on my friends when
things go wrong. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8. I can talk about my problems with
my family. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
9. I have friends with whom I can
share my joys and sorrows. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10. There is a special person in my
life who cares about my feelings. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
11. My family is willing to help me
make decisions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
12. I can talk about my problems with
my friends. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Scale Reference:
Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.
Journal of Personality Assessment 1988;52:30-41.
Scoring Information:
To calculate mean scores:
Significant Other Subscale: Sum across items 1, 2, 5, & 10, then divide by 4.
Family Subscale: Sum across items 3, 4, 8, & 11, then divide by 4.
Friends Subscale: Sum across items 6, 7, 9, & 12, then divide by 4.
Total Scale: Sum across all 12 items, then divide by 12.
More information at:
http://gzimet.wix.com/mspss
Other MSPSS Scoring Options:
There are no established population norms on the MSPSS. Also, norms would likely vary on the basis of
culture and nationality, as well as age and gender. I have typically looked at how social support differs
between groups (e.g., married compared to unmarried individuals) or is associated with other measures (e.g.,
depression or anxiety). With these approaches you can use the mean scale scores.
If you want to divide your respondents into groups on the basis of MSPSS scores there are at least two ways
you can approach this process:
1. You can divide your respondents into 3 equal groups on the basis of their scores (trichotomize) and
designate the lowest group as low perceived support, the middle group as medium support, and the high
group as high support. This approach ensures that you have about the same number of respondents in each
group. But, if the distribution of scores is skewed, your low support group, for example, may include
respondents who report moderate or even relatively high levels of support.
2. Alternatively, you can use the scale response descriptors as a guide. In this approach any mean scale score
ranging from 1 to 2.9 could be considered low support; a score of 3 to 5 could be considered moderate
support; a score from 5.1 to 7 could be considered high support. This approach would seem to have more
validity, but if you have very few respondents in any of the groups, it could be problematic.
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