LIlc

plates. on liw sosue

lstrsloqion
Objective Questions Tupe- upeo bqe isoidorns srb el
Q.1. A positively charged particle is released from rest in an
field. The electric uniform electric
potential energy of the charge
(a) remains a constant because the electric field is uniform.
b) increases because the charge moves along the electric field.
(c) decreases because the charge moves along the electric field.
(d) decreases because the charge moves opposite to the electric field.
[Ans. (c)]
Explanation: (c) The positively charged particle experiences electrostatic
force along the direction of electric field, hence moves in the direction
228 Applied Physics -ll o0oo0o0000000ooo00000000o000000000oo0o000000oooo0o00o0oooo

of electric field. Electric potential decreases in the direction of electric

field. Thus, positive work is done by the electric field on the charge.
W=-AU=- qAV= q(VV
e

Hence electrostatic potential energy of the positive charge decreases.

Q.2. Figures show some equipotential lines distributed in space. A charged
object is moved from point A to point B.

10V 20V 30V 40V 50OV 10V 30V 50V

Figure () Figure (i)

bons o iog no

20V 40V 50V 21 Spipfnoy

hroonblot 3hbelsooshueFigure (i)
how on Joh oe (etab Fig. 3.70 e bomeio oif o

(a) The work done in Fig. (i) is the greatest.

(b) The work done in Fig. (i) is least.
(c) The work done is the same in Fig. (i), Fig.(i) and Fig. (iii).
(d) The work done in Fig. (ii) is greater than Fig. (ii) but equalto that
eoAin Fig. (i). ue orh rmost gestmo e3niog ts as ou[Ans. (c)]
r Explanat
Explanation: (c) The work done by the electric field on the charge will be
negative.
-AU = - qAV- q Vn
initial i n a l Here initial and final
Wlectrical
potentials are same in all three cases and the same charge is moved, so
work done is same in all three cases.

Q.3. Equipotentials at a great distance from a collection of charges whose

total sum is not zero are approximately
(a) spheres oedi yoi (b) planes
(c) paraboloids ot (d) ellipsoids Ans. (a)]
Explanation: (a) The collection of charges at great distance is considered
as a single point charge. The equipotential surfaces due to a point charge
are spherical.
OOOOO00000000000000o00000o0000000o00000o0000000000000000000o000 Electrostatics 229

r metre apart. If
Q.4. Two small spheres each carrying a charge q are placed
one in a circular path of
one of the spheres is taken around the other
radius r, the work done will be equal to

(a)force between them x r (b) force between them x 27tr

(c) force between them/21tr (d) zeroo [Ans. (d)
to the displacement,
bopExplanatue
Explanation: (d) The force is perpendicular
electric potential Vat any point O (, y, z all
in metres) in space i1s
Q.5.
Q.5. The
the point (1m, 0, 2m) in volt/
given by V= 4x volt. The electric field at
metre is
x-axis
(a) 8 along negative x-axis b) 8 along positive
z-axis
(c) 16 along negative x-axis (d) 16 along positive
[Ans. (a)]
dv/dx -8x V/m
Explanation: (a) The electric field E
= =

point to another over an

positive charge is taken from
one
Q.6. If a unit
equipotential surface, then
(a) work is done on the charge. (b) work is done by the charge.
(d) no work is done. Ans. (d)
(c) work done is constant.
surface, electric field is normal
Explanation: (d) On the equipotential
to the charged surface (where potential exists) so that no work will be
done.
5 cm is charged so that the potential on
Q.7. A hollow metal sphere ofradius
centre of the sphere is
its surface is 10 V. The potential at the
(a) 0V (b) 10 V

(C) Same as at point 5 cm away from the surface

O)(d) Same as at point 25 cm away from the surface mni [Ans. (b)]
Since potential inside the hollow sphere is same as
that
Explanation: (b)
on the surface.
electrostatic force between the metal plates of an isolated parallel
Q.8. The
and A, is
plate capacitor C having a charge Q
area

of the distance between the plates.

(a) proportional to the square root
(b) linearly proportional to the distance between the plates.

(c) independent of the distance between the plates.

(d) inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.
Ans. (c)
is removed and another
Q.9. A capacitor is charged by a battery. The battery
The total
identical uncharged capacitor is connected in parallel.
electrostatic energy of resulting system
decreases by a factor of 2.
a )increases by a factor of 4.
(c) remains the same. g ( d ) increases by a factor of 2.
[Ans. (b)]
 230 Applied Physics-II ooo00000000o oo000000000

Explanation: (b) Using V, = V/2, U - 0.5CV,

Q. 10. A conductor with a positive charge

(a) is always at +ve potential.
(b) is always at zero potential.
(c) is always at negative potential.
(d) may be at +ve, zero or -ve potential. Ans.(d))
Explanation: (d) May be at positive, zero or negative potential, it 1s
according to the way one defines the zero potential.
Q.11. Figure below shows the electric lines of force emerging from a charged
body. If the electric field at A and B are EA and EB respectivelyand ifthe
displacement between A and B is r then

dio bod no lpe

A
p a 2smoood faibns f

dato sdt ihiw b Fig.3.71 sb

ae(a) EEBdiYund
nopwisd
a eoi(b) E<E
(c) EE/r beadpa(d) E =Eg [Ans. (a)]
Explanation: (a) In non-uniform electric field, intensity is more, where
o)the lines are more denser. (6)
Q. 12. Which of the following options are correct? If a conductor has a potential
Vand there are no charges anywhere else outside, then
(a) there must not be charges on the surface or inside itself.
(b) there cannot be any charge in the body of the conductor.
c )there must be charges only on the surface.
d )there must be charges inside the surface. sbie to slgTAns. (b)
Explanation: (b) The charge resides on the outer surface of a closed
charged conductor. Hence there cannot be any charge in the bodyofthe
conductor. Hence option (b) is correct.

Q.13. Which of the following options is correct? In a region of constant

potential
(a) the electric field is uniform.
(b) the electric field is zero.
(c) there can be charge inside the regiofi.
(d) the electric field shall necessarily change if a charge is placed outside
the region. [Ans. (b)]
 oo00000oo000000o0000000o00 Electrostatics 231
ooo00000000Oo00000000O%

Explanation: (b) as E=-dVldr

electric field intensityy
-dVldr =
V= constant, 0 this implies that
olnce, inside the region
then electric field
charge is present
. T some V constant is
not valid,
that region, for this
Cannot be zero at =
V are comDined to
Q14. 64 drops each having the capacity C and potential
is q, then the charge on
Torm a big drop. If the charge on the small drop

the big drop will be

(a) 2g (b) 44
(d) 64q
[Ans. (d)]
(c) 16q
Explanation: (d) By using Q = ng or Q = 6Aq ole

Q.15. The radii of two metallic spheres A and B arer, and r2 respectively
is given a
thin wire and the system
T ) They are connected by a
certain charge. The charge will be greater
of the sphére A.
(a) on the surface of the sphere B. (b) on the surface
(c) equal on both. (d) z e r o on both. [Ans. (b)]
Explanation: (b) After connection of wire, potential becomes equal,

i.e, 9,/r = Q,/r, or Q,/Q,=r,/r,

when T T ,then Q, > Q

Q. 16. A parallel plate condenser is connected with the terminals of a battery.

The distance between the plates is 6mm. If a glass plate (dielectric
constant K=9) of 4.5 mm is introduced between them, then the capacity
( will become
1o (a) 2 times.loi blf aiosla m (b) thesame. ofnelou
(c) 3 times. (d) 4 times. hoAns. (c)]
Explanation: Since Co Cmedium
medis d lerbir
Cair d-tttK
Q. 17. Three charges Q, +q and +q are
placed at the vertices of
triangle of side l as shown in the
an equilateral
figure. If the net electrostatic energy ot
the system is zero, then Q is equal to
Q

oaton

+ +q
Fig. 3.72
oan
232 Applied Physics-II ooooooo0000

(a) - (b) +9
(c) zero
(d)-q/2 [Ans. (d)

Explanation: Using, U= Kq,kq kqQ-a

Q=
2
Q. 18. Two metal plates form a parallel plate capacitor. The distance between
the plates is d. A metal sheet of thickness d/2 and of the same area is
introduced between the plates. What is the ratio of the capacitance
in the two cases?
(a) 2:1 (b) 3:1 15(c) 2:1o m(d) 5:1 [Ans. (C)]
thd ni sgusdo Jinu 19g onobio Srt
o , C- AE o11egued
Explanation:(c) Using, C =

deossol6
d-
K= oo, and t = .

Q. 19. A capacitor of 4 pF is connected shown in the circuit. The internal

as
resistance of the battery is 0.5 Q. The amount of charge on the capacitor
plates will be baopse domoloes
4LF 10 2
b n
tologa o
ON
22

Fig. 3.73
(a) 0
(c) 16 uCC (d) 8 uC eLAns. (d)]

Explanation: (d) UsingI= R+r 8V= IR, q =

CV

ahu bitestooiptec
Q. 20. A capacitor is charged by using a battery which is then disconnected. A
dielectric slab
then slipped between the plates, which results inrg pd Uv
(a) Reduction of charge on the plates and increase of potential difference
across the plates.
 ooo00000oo0000000oo0000000oo0oo0o00oo00000000ooo0o00000 Blectrostatics233
(b) Increase in the potential difference across the plate, reduction in

stored energy, but no change in the charge on the plates.

reduction in
Decrease in the potential difference across the plates,
(C the stored energy, but no change in the charge on the plates.

(d) None of these Ans. (c)

Explanation: (c) Battery in disconnected so Q will be constant. As
Coc K so with introduction of dielectric slab, the capacitance will
ow increase and using Q =CV, V will decrease.ot slolg Lotson pe

Using U=Q/2C eolbidt to 1apdeamAb al eonlqr

S t eoowisd beuborihi
Q. 21. Which of the following statement is true
(a) Electrostatic force is a conservative force. d
(b) Potential at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a
charge from any point to infinity. retioanelyee
(c) Electrostatic force is non-conservative
(d) Potential is the product of charge and work. Ans. (a)]

Q. 22. 1 volt is equivalent to

(a) Newton Newton
(b)
second s b coulomb o 10tosg
Joule lo foue mu Joule
(c) (d) Ans. (c)]
coulomb second

Q.23. The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinite distance
to a point at distance x from a positive charge Q is W. Then the potential
at that point is

WQ (b) W
(a) X

W
(c) (d) WQ Ans. (b)]

Q. 24. Consider a uniform electric field in the z-direction. The potential is a

constant
(a) for any x for a given z (b) for any y for a given z
(c) on the x-y plane for a given z (d) all of these Ans. (d)
Q. 25. Equipotential surfaces
(a) Are closer in regions of large electric fields compared to regions of
lower electric fields. dslh ont29 lhib
(b) Will be more crowded near sharp edges of a conductor.rds
uno(c) Will always be equally spaced. m d b lomoitoubeR (o)
(d) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
lgsdgceomaLAns. ??]
234 Applied Physics-ll ooooooo0000000o0000000o0000000oo000000oo0000000000000000000

Objective Questions Type-ll

Q.1. Two identical point charges of magnitude -q are fixed as shown in
the figure below. A third charge +q is placed midway between the two
charges at the point P. Suppose this charge +q is displaced a smal
distance from the point P in the directions indicated by the arrows, in
which direction (s) will +q be stable with respect to the displacenment?

-q Ap +q

Fig. 3.74
(a) A, and A, (b) B, and B,
(c) both directions (d) No stable [Ans. (b)]
[Hint: Since V= 0 along equatorial line]
Q.2. Which charge configuration produces a uniform electric field?
(a) Point Charge
(b) Infinite uniform line charge
(c) Uniformly charged infinite plane
(d) Uniformly charged spherical shell Ans.()
a-AS
Q.3. What is the ratio of the charges for the following electric field line
pattern? 92

***

******. . ******.. .
****.
**********e
******* ********
*****...
..

*****
******
**** **********
. ..******....*..
****...
**** ****** ************** ****************
. *************

.. *** ***********
**..... **oopppso**
.en eamen enarcesne naes.
.

*.. ***

******sea**

Fig. 3.75
(a) 1/5 (b) 25/11 (c) 5 (d) 11/25 [Ans. (d)

[Hint:N- - k etj
92 N208
 O0OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO00% o00000o0 oo0o0000o0o0000oo000000oo60o Electrostatics 235
Q. 4. An electric dipole is placed at an alignment angle of 30° with an electric
field of 2x 10° NC-1. It experiences a torque equal to 8 Nm. The charge
on the dipole if the dipole length is 1 cm is
(a) 4 mC (b) 8 mC (c) 5 mC (d) 7 mC [Ans. (b)]
Q.5. Four Gaussian surfaces are given below with charges inside each
Gaussian surface. Rank the electric flux
in increasing order.
through each Gaussian surface

+2q

Abes
+
dasib dod (

Fig. 3.76

(a) D<C<B<A (b) A <B C<D =

(c) C<A =B< D (d) D> C> B>A nAns. (a)l

Q.6. The total electric flux for the following closed surface which is kept
inside water

Water

O+4

Fig. 3.77

(a) 80q/e (b) q/40e

(c) q/80De (d) q/160e Ans. (b)]
Hints := 24 9+2q+q 24
o Eg x80 80E 40&%
 236 Applied Physics-II
ooooooooo00000000000
Q.7. Two identical
conducting balls having positive
separated by center
other and
a
to center
distance r. If charges g, and q, are
then
separated to the they are made to touch
same distance, the each
will be force between them
(a) Less thanbefore
(c) More than before (b) Same as before
(e) More than before (d) Zero
Ans. (e)]
Hints: F = 4 2
4TE
After contact g' =

2
2 b F=1
4TEr
Here ( h+42>4+42
2
d) e F> F Force increases]
og s bonisinis 1
bnu niog ee
Q.8. Rank the electrostatic potential energies for the given system of charges
in increasing order. 8.
2
(a) (b) (c) (d)

Fig.3.78 o tke
(a) 1-4<2<3aot toi (b) 2=4<3 <1 ro
(c) 2=3<l<4 (d) 3< 1<2<4 o p Ans. (a)]
bolduo
Hints: U= 112 bolduol balduob alC
4TEr boldbob 06 aalneog

Q.9. An electric field E =10 x i exists in a certain region of space. Then the
potential difference V= Vo - VA, where V, is the potential at the origin
and VA is the potential at xr= 2 m is:

(a) 10J
or C wd (b)-20)
(6)-20
[Ans. (b)]
C +20
) (d) -10J
s e an
d aotib odebr 1o
Hints: V=- 2 10x dx= =duob
V-20J]
Jo
 oooo0000ooo0o Electrostatics 237
oo00oo0000o0000000oOOOOOO oO0OOOOOOOO

of radius R has a charge Qwhich is

Q. 10. A thin conducting spherical shell
uniformly distributed on its surface. The correct plot for electrostatic
Potential due to this spherical shell is
ne

(a) (b)

r
R

(c) (d)
R
Fig. 3.79 Ans. (b)

Q. 11. Two points A and B are maintained at a potential of 7V and -4V

2 2p3 respectively. The work done in moving 50 electrons from A to B is

(a) 8.80 x 10-J (b) -8.80 x 10-17
(c) 4.40 x 1 0 J (d) 5.80 x 10-1"J [Ans. (a)
[Hints: W= (V, - V,) q = (7-(-4) x 50 x 1.6 x 101
W= 11 x 50 x 1.6 x 10-19
W 8.8 x 10-17J] a
Q 12. If voltage applied on a capacitor is increased from V to 2V, choose the
f o ) C o r r e c t conclusion.

(a)Qremains the same, C is doubled

(b) Q is doubled, C doubled
(c) Cremains same, Q doubled
(d) Both Q and C remain same Ans. (c)]
Hints: Capacitance 'C is constant for a given capacitor it is independent
p o f q and V. 'C varies depend only on the medium and geometry of the
capacitorc-SpA
oysfb initnaton

Q. 13. A parallel plate capacitor stores a charge Q at a voltage V. Suppose the

area of the parallel plate capacitor and the distance between the plates
are each doubled then which is the
quantity that will change?
(a) Capacitance (b) Charge
(c) Voltage (d) Energy density Ans. (d)
 238 Applied Physics-II oo00000ooo%

[Hint: C=
Ug =CV; Up =- Ep
d
volume
Q. 14. Three capacitors are connected in triangle as shown in the figure.
equivalent capacitance between the points A and C is The

eteiparboomdtoolito o 24F d eapeumshb he

B

2MF ooliornostabp

Fig. 3.80

(a) 1uF (b) 2 uF omply snbsC

(c) 3 uF
(d) 1/4uF sos durLAns. (b)]

Hint:CP GC2-
[Hint: Cp= C+C2 2*2)-1uF
2+2 wod aonartorioEL9

Cp =Cs + C, 2uF]
=
=

pleonioola rd ns9mel18dW
Q. 15. Two metallic spheres of radii 1 cm and 3 cm are given
charges of
-1 x 10 C and 5 x 104 C respectively. If these are
connected by a
conducting wire, the final charge on the bigger sphere is eto
(a) 3x 102C (b) 4x
10Cgud onfsd oc0
(c) 1x 102C (d) 2x 104 C [Ans. (a)
[Hint: - 9
R R b s l s 9234
2 un gog aind srh aauseC O
+9, =4x 102C n tislqd o

102 Contasli C
snneClt
f onie p
ob b 444x
odt agimmatab aw ob wolH O
ql = 1 0 C l oolibudixtalb

o boearlilopoefi po becg, = 3 x 10Corsluole) 0

b aloqib s vd booooqs supro 7 E l g s nes o

blot oloels rmolun