Course Code: EE4107 Government Polytechnic, Pune Programme. "180 OB'— Scheme Diploma in ET/CE/EE//ME/MT/CM/T/DDGM Programme code 01/02/03/04/05/06/07/08/15/16/17/18/19/21/22/23/24/26 Name of Course Switehgear and Protection Course Code EE4107 Prerequisite course code and name No Class Declaration Yes 1, TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME Teaching | Total ‘Examination Scheme Scheme | Credits Theory Practical Total (in Hours) | (L+T+P) Marks L iT |P c ESE PA SESE | PA 50 Marks 80 20 35 a 04 | 00 | 02 06 Exam 3 Hrs Hr . _ Duration Legends: L- lecture, 1 Tutorialteacher guided theory practice, P-practical, C-Credits, ESE-End semester examination, PA- Progressive Assessments(Test I, Il/Term Work), *- Practical Exam, $- Oral Exam. #- Online Exam., Each lecture/practical period is of one clock hour. 2. COURSE RATIONALE: Presentlyelectricalpowersystemisgrowingfastduetoincreasingindustries needs,populati on. Adiplomapassoutmayhavetoworkinthefieldofgeneration, transmis iondistributionmain tenance, testing. Sothestudentmustknowabouttheswitchgear&protection.Itisexpectedthatth eknowledgeoffacts,concepts, principles and procedural aspects of switchgear and protection system must be known to the students it will ultimately help the students in dis service sectors. 3. COMPETENCY charging their duties such as technicians, engineer in power house, substation, testing The aim of this course is to attend following industry identified competency through various teaching learning experiences: ‘* Maintain switchgear and protection schemes used in electrical power system.4, COURSE OUTCOMES (COs) The theory, practical experiences and relevant soft skills associated with this course are to be taught and implemented, so that the student demonstrates the following industry oriented COs associated ith the above mentioned competency: I: Tdentify various types of faults in electrical power system, s > Suggest sui : Test the performance of different protective relays, |: Maintain the protection scheme for alternators, transformers and motors and ible protection scheme for existing fault transmission lines. 5. SUGGESTED PRACTICALS/ EXERCISES Course Code: EE4107 : Understand working and maintenance of the lightening arrestors for HV protection Pr. | Unit Practical Exercises Relevent | Approx. | Us , a , co Hrs. No| 3 (Learning Outcomes in Psychomotor Domain) i required T_|_2 | To plot operating curent-time characteristics of fuse 12 o 2 | 2 | Visit to L&T Switchgear Training Centre and write 12 04 visit report comprising function, working operation, testing & maintenance of MCB, ELCB, MCCB and Contactor. 3 |_2_ | Drawing sheet on eireult breakers-MCB,ELCB, 2 4 SF6CircuitBreakerandVacuumCircuitBreaker. 4 | 2 | Scttingofthermaloverloadrelayandplotthecharacteristie 3 02 softhermaloverloadrelay. 3 [3 | Drawing sheet on Relays—Electromagnetic Relays z oF (Any Two), Induetion dise type Relay, Thermal Relay, Buchholz Relay. © | 4 | Demonstration &Testing of static 4 0 a) over current /under current relay b)Under voltage & over voltage relay. c) Phase failure rela 7 | 4 | Drawing sheet on Protection Schemes of Alternator in 7 o AutoCAD: Biased differential Protection, Restricted earth fault, Unbalanced load. 3] 5 _| DrawingsheetonProtectionSchemesofTransformerimAu | __2 04 toCAD:-BiaseddifferentialProtection,Earth fault protection. 3 | 5 | Connect MCB, DOL starter & single phase preventer z 0 in LM. eireuit and check operation for short-cireuit, overload & single phasing faults TO] 5 | Visittohighvoltagesubstationd&drawsinglelinediagramo 5 2 {Substation Statefunctiondtechnicalspecificationofequi pmentsused therein. TT | 5 | Drawing Sheet on Lightening Anresters-Rod Gap, 3 04 Horn Gap, Expulsion Type, Thyrite Type, metal oxide type. Total 326. MAJOR EQUIPMENT/ INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED Course Code: EE4107 S.No. Performance Indicators Weightage in % a ‘Arrangement of available equipment or model for testing 20 b Setting and operation 15 c. Safety measures 20 d ‘Observations and Recording 15 €. Interpretation of result and Conclusion 15 f Submission of report in time 15 Total 100 ‘The major equipment with broad specification mentioned here will usher in uniformity in conduct of practicals, as well as aid to procure equipment by authorities concerned. Sr. Equipment Name with Broad Pr. No. No Specifications 7 HRC fuse, Static relay, DOL 1,69 starter 2 [Visits To Substations, Switchgear Industry 2, 3, 4, 5,7, 8, 10Course Code: EE4107 7. THEORY COMPONENTS SECTION-1 Unit Outcomes (UOs) {in cognitive domain) Topics and Sub-topies UNIT-1 Fundamentals of Protection HRS -05_ Marks-06 Ta Aware of the need and function of protection system. 1b Differentiate between the normal & abnormal conditions of power system. le, List the types of fault &state theit causes 1d. Determine short circuit current , short circuit KVA, Je. What is the use of current limiting reactors and draw their arrangements’ T.I Necessity and functions of protective system 1.2 Primary and backup protection. 1.3 Normal & abnormal conditions, 1.4 Type of faults and their causes. 1.5 Short circuit calculations (Numerical on faults only). 1.6 Use of current limiting reactors & their arrangements UNIT-2 Circuit Interrupting Devices HRS -15_Marks-18 2a, What is fuse? state its different types and describe construction and working of HRC fuse. 2b.Enlist the Characteristics of HRC fuse and its applications. 2c.Explain the necessity of isolators and write its function. 2d.State the types of Isolators and describe their working 2e.Describe the process of an Arc formation. 2f,Understand the various methods of are extinction and define terms related with it. 2g. Understand the construction, working principle and applications of different types of circuit breakers. To know the sequence of operation & interlocking of CBs, isolators & earthing switch. 2h. Select switchgears as per application& understand the ratings of CBs. 2i. To Compare fuse &MCCB 2).To know about HVDC circuit breakers 2.1 Fuse: basic terminology w.r.t. fuse, types, Construction and working of HRC fuse. 2.2 Characteristics, selection and applications of HRC fuse. 2.3 Necessity and functions of Isolators. 2.4 Types of Isolators:-Vertical break, horizontal break, and pantograph type. 2.5 Are formation process. 2.6 Methods of are extinction — High resistance ‘method and current zero method. Definition: Arc voltage, Recovery voltage, Resttiking voltage, RRRV. 2.7. Circuit breakers: - Concept, Classification, Working principle. Construction, working of principle, Specification & Applications of following circuit breakers. L..- Air circuit breakers (ACB), Miniature circuit breakers, Moulded case circuit breaker, Earth leakage circuit breaker .b) H.T— Sulpher Hexa Fluoride (SF6) circuit breaker and Vacuum circuit breaker. 2.8. Selection of switchgears for particular applications. Ratings of Cireuit Breaker. 2.9 Comparison of fuse & MCCB 2.10 HVDC CBS: Introduction, problems with are interruption, HVDC cireuit breaker. UNIT-3- Protective Relays HRS -12_ Marks-16 State the need and function of protective relays system 3b.List the essential qualities of protective relaying& their importance. To know the relay terminology. 3c.Classify various types relays 3d.Understand the working principle, 31 Necessity, function& single line diagram of protective relay system. 3.2 Quality requirements of relay system: selectivity, speed, sensitivity, reliability, and simplicity, economy: meaning of the term and its signi in protective relaying. Basic Relay Terminology: - Protective relay, relay time, reset time, pickCourse Code: EE4107 Characteristics, and application of different types of relays. 3e.Understand the operation of over current relay, Understand the PSM & TSM and its effects on characteristics. up Value, reset value, Auxiliary relay. 3.3. Classification of relays based on terminology used, principle of operation, times of operation, functions, protective schemes, characteristics. 3.4 Characteristics, working principle & applications of following relays: Electromechanical relay( Hinged armature type only),induetion disc relay, thermal relay, Static Relays: Introduetion, advantages & disadvantages of static relays. Numerical Relays: Introduction, general block diagram, classifications of numerical relays. Advantages& disadvantages of numerical relays. Comparison among the above relays. 3.5. Over current relay: -Time current characteristics & its classifications. Current setting, plug setting multiplier (PSM) ,Time setting multiplier (TMS)Numerical on PSM &TMS. Static over current relay with all types. Numerical over current relay ( tC based) with block diagram, flow chart. SECTION-2 UNIT4 Protection of Alternator HRS -06 Marks-08 4a, To know various faults and Abnormalities of alternator. 4b, Uunderstand the protection schemes of alternator against different types of faults. 4c. To know the concept of reverse power protection 4.1 Abnormalities and faults in alternators. 4.2 Differential protection, biased differential Protection, Protection against prime mover failure, field failure and unbalanced load, restricted earth fault protection, overcurrent, inter tum fault, over heating protection, over voltage& motoring action. 4.3 Concept of power protection when it happens. + Directional relay: electromagnetic & numerical (1C based with block diagram & flow chart only) types UNIT-05 Protection of Transformer HRS -06_Marks-08 Sa.ldentify various faults & abnormalities of transformer 5b.Understand the various protection schemes of transformer Sc.Understand the Importance of Buchholz Relay 3.1 Abnormalities faults in transformers, 5.2. Differential and Biased differential protection, Limitations of differential protection of transformer. Simple numerical on differential protection. Over current, Earth fault, inter turn, over heating protection. 5.3 Buchholz relay: construction, working principle & its installation location, UNIT-06 Protection of Induction Motor HRS -03_ Marks-04 Ga, Identify various faults & 6.1 Abnormalities and faults in induction motors.,Course Code: EES107 abnormalities of LM. 6b. Identify various protection provided for motors. Observe the behaviour of protective devices provided for motor. 62 Protections against following faults in motor. Short circuit & earth fault. Over load protection. Single phasing. UNIT-07 Protection of Busbar &Transmission Line HRS -07_Marks-08 7a, Identify the faults & abnormalities of Transmission lines 7b. Understand the working principle of distance & pilot wire protections, Je. Understand the Distributionline Protection scheme& auto reclosing. 74.Understand the Protection scheme for Bus Bar, 7.1 Abnormalities& Faults on transmission lines, 7.2 Distance Relay: working principle, electromagnetic type, static and numerical (uC based with block diagram & flow chart only) types. Pilot wire protection of transmission lines: a) working principle of current circulating & balanced voltage b) carrier current protection. 7.3 Distribution Tine: Over current protective scheme for feeders. Auto-reclosing. 7.4 Bus Bar Protection: Faults & Operation of Differential Protection UNIT-08 Over Voltage Protection and Neutral Earthing Ba. State the causes of over voltage 8b.To know the protection from direct stroke and travelling wave of power system equipment’s. 8c_List types of lightning arrester 8d.State the need and function of surge absorbers 8e.Understand the insulation co- ordination& BIL. 8fUnderstand the importance of Neutral earthing & its types, &g.Distinguish between equipment earthling and neutral earthing ARS -10 Marks-12 8.1 To lightening its wave shape. Protection of transmission line and substation from direct stroke, Protection against traveling wave. 8.2 Types of lighting arresters 1) Rod Gap 2) Hom Gap 3) Expulsion Type 4) Thyrite ‘Type 5) Metal oxide surge arrester. 8.3 Principle & operation of surge absorbers Insulation co-ordination and BIL Introduction & importance Neutral earthing. Types of neutral earthing- resistance, reactance, Peterson coil etc Substation earthing. 8.5 Difference between Equipment earthing and Neutral earthing, 84Course Code: EE4107 8 SUGGESTED SPECIFICATION TABLE FORQUESTION PAPER DESIGN- Unit Unit Tithe Teaching |_ Distribution of Theory Marks No. Hours [_R U A | Total Level_| Level | Level | Marks 1__| Fundamentals of Protection 3 o2 | 00 | 04 | 06 2_| Circuit Interrupting Devices 15 “a [2 fo 18 3_| Protective Relays 2 04 | 08 | 04 16 4 _| Protection of Alternator 6 o2 | 04 | 02 | of 3_| Protection of Transformer 6 oe | 4 | 2 | 7 6 _| Protection of Induction Motor 3 2 | 0 | 02 | 04 7 _| Protection of Bus-Bar and 7 o2 | 04 | 02 | 08 Transmission line 8 | Over Voltage Protection and 10 o2 | 04 | 06 2 ‘Neutral Farthing Total cy is [32 [ 30 [| 30 9 SUGGESTED STUDENT ACTIVITIE! Other than the classroom and laboratory learning, following are the suggested student-related co-curricular activities which can be undertaken to accelerate the attainment of the various outcomes in this course: Students should conduct following activities in group and prepare reports of about 5 pages for each activity, also collect/record physical evidences for their (student's) portfolio which will be useful for their placement interviews: Prepare journal based on practical performed in Electrical laboratory. Journal consists of drawing, observations, required equipment’s, date of performance with teacher signature, a) Collect specifications of different switchgear equipment used in electrical power system through market survey/visit and write a technical report. b) Visit 400/220/132/66/33 kV substation and take the help of sub-station in-charge to understand various switchgears, protective schemes and occurrences of faulls. ©) Collect data of different protective schemes used for alternator, transformer, bus bar and transmission lines through intemet/ industrial visit. 4) Write all the safety precautions which are to be taken while working with different switchgears and protective schemes. 10 SUGGESTED SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES (if any) These are sample strategies, which the teacher can use to accelerate the attainment of the various outcomes in this course: a. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) may be used to teach various topics/sub topics. b, About 15-20% of the topics/sub-topies which is relatively simpler or descriptive in nature is to be given to the students for self-directed learning and assess the development of the COs through classroom presentations (see implementation guideline for details). c. With respect to item No.8, teachers need to ensure to create opportunities and provisions for co-curricular activities Guide student(s) in undertaking micro-projects. Correlate subtopics with power plant system and equipment's. Use proper equivalent analogy to explain different concepts. Use Flash/Animations to explain various components, operation and ‘Teacher should ask the students to go through instruction and Technical manuals PemoeeCourse Code: EE4107 11, SUGGESTED MICRO-PROJECT! Only one micto-project is planned to be undertaken by a student that needs to be assigned to him/her. In the first four semesters, the micro-projects are group-based. However, in the fifth and sixth semesters, it should be preferably be individually undertaken to build up the skill and confidence in every student to become problem solver so that s/he contributes to the projects of the industry. In special situations where groups have to be formed for micro- projects, the number of students in the group should not exceed three. The micro-project could be industry application based, internet-based, workshop- based, laboratory-based or field-based. Each micro-project should encompass two or more COs which are in fact, an integration of PrOs, UOs and ADOs. Each student will have to maintain dated work diary consisting of individual contribution in the project work and give a seminar presentation of it before submission. The total duration of the micro-project should not be less than 16 (sixteen) student engagement hours during the course. The student ought to submit micro-project by the end of the semester to develop the industry oriented COs. A suggestive list of micro-projects is given here. Similar micro-projects could be added by the concerned faculty( Any one by one batch ) a. Prepare a document for testing of LT swiethgears in detail as per IS, b. Prepare a document for testing of protective relays in detail as per IS and visit relay manufacturing industry. ¢. Prepare a document for testing of Lightening Arrestors in detail as per IS. . Case study of various protection schemes of various equipments used in substation and generating station. 11 SUGGESTED LEARNING RESOURCES. itle ‘Author Publication ISBN Number 1 | Switchgearand | Sunil S. Rao Khanna ISBN: 978-93- protection Publishers, 87394-72-8, Delhi. 2 |Priciples of power | Mehta VK. Rohit | S. Chand & Co. New | ISBN systems Mehta Delhi 9788121924962, 3 | Switchgearand [Gupta TB. SK Kataria and ISBN protection Sons, New Delhi 2014 | 9789350143728Course Code: EE4107 12. SOFTWARE/LEARNING WEBSITES www.nptel.ac.in www.wikipedia.com www.clectricaltechnology.org hups://vww.electricaldu.com 13. PO - COMPE! NCY- CO MAPPING CO POL PO2 PO3 POd POS POG PO7 i 3 2 i 3 2 1 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 i 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 i 3 5 2 3 2 2 2 i 2 [e PSO2 1 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 2 1 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 Siam Sign Name: 1 Smt USTolangekar Name:Dr. $$ Bharatkar/ShriR.U. Shelke 2. MrS.BKale ewer ‘cons tapes (Head of Department) Tien Sian Name:Dr. $.$.Bharatkan'Shri.R-U.Shetke Name: Shri, A. 8. Zanpure (CDC Incharge) (Program Head ) (Department of Electrical Engineering)