NETBALL

INTRODUCTIN

Netballisagameplayedbetweentwoteamsofsevenplayerseach.Itisplayedoneitherahardsurface(tarmacormurram)orongr
asssurface.Itcanbeplayedeitherindoorsoronoutdoorcourts.

Briefhistory.netballwasstartedinU.S.Ain1891.themethodofplayingthegamewassimilartothatofbasketball.twoopposing
teamswithequalnumberofplayerspassedtheballtooneanotherfromthecenterofthefieldtoscoreintothebasketsplacedatthee
ndofthegymnasium.Thecourthadnospecificdimensions.

ThegamewasintroducedinEnglandin1895byanAmericancalledDr.Tole.Ringswerintroducedlaterin1897.Therewereno
writtenrulesthen.Thefirstdraftofruleswasdonein1901.In1924,theNetballFederationwasformed.In1926,EnglandNetball
Associationwasformed.Eachassociationthatgotinvolvedinnetballimprovedtherulesandthegamechangedgradually.

DevelopmentofNetballinKenya

NetballwasintroducedinKenyain1920byamissionaries.itwasmainlyplayedbytheEuropeans.By1940sithadspreadtomost
partsofKenyanparticularlyinschools.In1960theKenyanetballassociationwasformed.Itwasheadedbyabritishladywhoatt
hattimewasaP.EteacheratKenyattauniversity.
(thenknownasKenyattacollege).In1960theInternationalFederationofWomenNetballAssociationswasformedandnewru
leswereintroduced.

NetballiscurrentlymanagedbyKenyaNetballAssociation-K.N.Awhichisaffliatedtotheinternationalbody-
InternationalFederationsofNetballAssociations-IFNA.

Mennetballhasbeenintroducedbutithasnotbeenrecognizedformajorcompetitions.Itispopularintheteachertrainingcolleg
es,universitiesandamongthearmedforcesinKenya.

Facilitiesandequipment

Fieldofplay,markingsandmeasurements

 Itisplayedonarectangularfieldmeasuring30.5m(sideline)by15.25m(goalline).thecourtisdividedintothreeequalthirdsbyt
wotransverselines.Itcomprisestwoshootingcircles(goalcircles-
4.9minradiusfromthemidpointofthegoalline)andacentrecircle(0.9mindiameter).
2.Thegoalposts

Twogoalpostsareplacedatthemidpointofeachgoaline,withaheightof3.05mTheringsar
e350mmindiameter,projecting150mmfromthetopofthepost.Theringshouldbe15mmt
hick.itshouldbecoveredwithanetopenonbothsides.
3.Theball

TheballmustaNetball.Madeoflearher,rubberorsimilarmaterial.Measuring690mm-
750mmincircumference(size5).Itshallweigh400-450gms.

4.Uniform

Playersofsameteamshouldwearidenticalcoloruniforms.Thetwoteamsshouldwearunif
ormcontrastingincolor.Uniformsmustbearinitialsofplayingpositions(e.g.GK,GS,W
A)andshouldbewornatalltimesduringplay.Initialsshouldappearbothatthefrontandbac
kabovethewaistleveloftheuniform.Theyshouldbelargeenoughtobevisible(150mmhig
h).Shoesmustbelightandflat,madeofcanvasorsimilarmaterial.Spikesarenotpermitted.

Wearinganyformofjewelleryisnotallowedduringplayexceptweddingring(whichmust
betaped)andmedicalalertbracelets.Nailsshouldbekeptshort.

Playersandtheirplayingpositions
Ateamconsistsofsevenplayersandfivesubstitutes.Thesevenplayerscomprisesof:three
forwards(attackers)-
WingattackandGoalattackandGoalshooter),threebacks(Defence-
WingDefence,GoaldefenceandGoalkeeperandoneCenterplayer.Eachplayerisrestrict
edtoaparticularareaofplayinthecourt.Whenaplayergoesintoanyprohibitedarea,she/
heisconsideredoffsideandpenalizedaccordingly.

PlayingpositionsinagameofNetball
Playingtime
Thegameisplayedin4quartersof15minuteseachwith3minutesintervalbetweenfirstsec
ondandandfourthquartersandahalftimeoffiveminutes.Teamschangeendsaftereachqu
arter.

Whereanyoneteamisplayingtwoormorematchesinoneday,orwhentimeislimited,:theg
ameshallconsistoftwohalvesoftwenty(20)minuteseachandfive(5)miutesrestinterval.
Teamsshallchangeendsathalftime.

Timeheldduetostoppagesmustbeplayedinthatquarterorhalf.

Apenaltyshotawardedattheendofanintervalorendofgamemustbeallowedbeforethewh
istleisblowntoendthegame.

Anintervalmaybeextendedbytheumpirestodealwithanyemergency.

Teamschangeendsathalftime.Timemaybeadjustedforcompetitiontosuitdifferentagel
evelswiththeagreementoftheorganizers.

ProcedureforExtratimewherewinnerisrequired.

 Theplayersareallowed2minutesrestattheendoffulltime
 Halftimeconsistsoftwohalvesof7minuteseachwith1minuteintervalforrest.
 Teamschangeendsafterhalftime.
 Thegameisrestartedwithacentrepassbytheteamentitledtothenextcentrepass
 Teamchangesandsubstitutionmaybemadeduringintervals
 Normalinjuryandillnessproceduresapply.

Rulesofplay

a) Controllingtheball
Aplayerisnotallowedto:
1. Runwiththeballordribbleitafterreceivingit.
2. Throwtheballwhilesittingorkneelingorlyingdown.Onemustbeonthefeetbeforet
hrowingtheball.
3. Tosstheballintotheairbeforebattingorbouncingit.Aplayercanbatorbouncetheba
llonceandnotmorethanonce.
b) Threesecondsrule
Aplayerhasthreesecondstorelease(pass)theball.

Penalty-
afreepassisawardedtotheopposingteamtakenfromthewheretheinfringe
mentoccurred.
c) Passingdistance/spacesbetweenplayers
Whenpassingtheballduringplaytheremustbeenoughspaceforanotherplayertom
ovebetweenthehandsofthethrowerandthoseofthecatcher.
d) Throwingoverathird
Aplayerisnotallowedtothrowtheballoveracompletethirdbeforethebaallistouch
edinthenearestthird.
e) Playingareasandoffside
Aplayerisnotallowedtoenteranareathatisnothis/
herplayingarea.Thiswillbeconsideredanoffside.
f) Footwork
Aplayerisallowedonlyonelegalstepafterreceivingtheball.Thefirstfoottotoucht
hegroundisconsideredthelandingfoot
Thefootworkrulesareasfollows:
Aplayerinpossessionoftheball,afterlandingonononeorbothfeetmay-
1. Stepwiththeotherfoot,liftthelandingfootandthrowtheballorshootbeforetheland
ingfootisregrounded.
2. Pivotonthelandingfootandmovetheotherfootanynumberoftimes,,butisnotallo
wedtohoponthelandingfootordragit.
3. Jump,changingfromlandingfoottotheotherfoot,andthenjumpagaintothrowtheb
allbeforeregroundingthelandingfoot.

4.Fromadoublefootlanding,stepwitheitherfoot,jumpandreleasetheba
llbeforeregroundingoneorbothfeet.

Penalty

Freepassawardedtotheopposingteam.Itistakenfromthespotwh
eretheinfringementoccurred.

(g)Throwin
Itisawayofrestartingthegameaftertheballhasgoneoutofplayoverthesidelineorgoalline
.Theballisoutofplaywhen:

1. Ittouchesanobjectorpersonoutsidethecourt
2. Ittouchesthegroundoutsidethecourt
3. Itistouchedbyaplayerincontactwiththegroundoutsidethecourt

Rulesoftakingthethrow-in:

1. Allplayersmustbeincourtandintheirplayingareas
2. Throwermuststandoutsidethecourtnear,butnottouchingtheline.
3. Throwtheballwithin3secondsoftakingupposition.
4. Observefootworkrules.
5. Playershouldnorenterthefielduntiltheballhashasbeenthrown
6. Throwtheballintothenearestthirdofthecourtfrombehindthegoallineornearanadj
acentthirdfrombehindthesideline
7. Notstepbehindanyareaofthecourtwhichwillrendertheplayeroffsidewhiststillin
possessionoftheball.

8a)Whentheballfromathrowingoesoutofcourtuntouched,thethrowinshallbereta
ken

b)Iftheballissentoutsimultaneouslybytwoopposingplayers,atoss-
upisawardedbetweentwoopposingplayers.

c)Penaltythrowinisawardedwhentheballfailstoenterthecourt.Itistakenfromtheori
ginalthrowinposition.

9.Tossup/throwup
Itisawayofrestartingthegamewhen;
a. Twoopposingplayersgainpossessionoftheballsimultaneously
b. Twoopposingplayerswereincontactwiththeballbeforeitwentoutofplay.
c. Twoopposingplayersareoffsidesimultaneouslyandonehascontactwiththeball.
d. Opposingplayersgainsimultaneouspossessionoftheball
e. Afteranaccidentandtheumpiresareunabletodecidewhohadtheballlast,orthebaal
wwasonthegroundwhenplaywasstopped.

Procedurefortoss-up
 I. Thetwoopposingplayersstandfacingeachotherandtheirgoalends.
II. Theumpirestandsbetweenthemandthenthrowstheballup,notmorethantwofeeta
bovefromjustbelowtheshoulderheightoftheshorterplayer,asthetwoopposingpl
ayersattempt
tocatchit.
III. Theirarmsarestraightwithhandsattheside.

IV)Thetwoplayersremainstationaryuntilthewhistleisbrownastheumpirereleasestheb
all.

V)Thereshallbeadistanceof3ft(0.9m)betweenthenearerfootofbothplayerinvolved

Organizationofplay

Thecenterpass.

Itistaken:

 Atthestartofthegame
 Aftereachgoalisscored
 Atthestartofeveryquarter
 Afterhalftime
 Startofeveryextratime

Rulesoftakingacenterpass

1.Thecenterpassshallbecaughtbyanyplayerwho;

 Isstandinginthecenterthird
 Landswiththefirstlandingfootorbothfeetwhollywithinthecenterthird.
 Jumpsfromastancewhollywithinthecentrethird

2.Amemberoftheteamtakingthecenterpassmaynotcatchtheballinthegoalthird,without
ithavingbeentouchedinthecenterthird

Penalty–
afreepassawardedtotheopposingteam.Ittakenfromthespot
onthegoalthirdwheretheballcrossedtheline.
 Positioningofplayersforcenterpass
i) Thecenterinpossessionoftheballstandswithatleastonefootwhollywithinth
ecentercircle.
Sanction:freepass-
thewhistleisbrownforthecenterpassthentheinfringementispenalized.
ii) Theopposingcenterisinthecentreandfreetomove.

iii)Allotherplayesareinthererespectivegoalthirdsandfreetomovebutnotenterth
e
centrethirduntilthewhistlehasbeenblowntostartplay.
iv)iftwoopposingplayersenterthecenterthirdsimultaneouslybeforethewhistlei
sbrownandneitherplayermakescontactwiththeball,theyarenotpenalizedandpl
aycontinues

Playingtheball
A.Aplayermay;-
i)Catchtheballwithoneorbothhands
ii)Gainorregaincontroloftheballafterreboundingfromagoalpost.
iii)Batorbouncetheballtoanotherplayerwithoutfirsthavingpossessionofit.
iv)Tiptheballinuncontrollablemanneronceotmorethanonceandthen;
a)catchtheball;or
b)Directtheballtoanotherplayer.
v)Havingbattedtheballonce,eithercatchtheballordirecttheballtoanotherplayer.
vi)Havingbouncedtheballonce,eithercatchitordirectittoanotherplayer.
vii)Rolltheballtooneselftogainpossession;
viii)Fallwhileholdingtheball,butmustregainthefootingandthrowitwithinthree(3)seco
ndsofreceivingit.
ix)Leanontheballtopreventgoingoffside.
x)Leanontheballoncourttogainbalance.
xi)Jumpfromapositionincontactwiththecourtandplaytheball,providedthatneitherthe
playernortheballmakecontactwiththeground,oranyobjectorpersonoutsidethecourtw
hilethewhiletheballisbeingplayed.

Aplayermay;
i)striketheballwiththefist
ii)fallontheballtoregainpossession;
iii)Throwtheballorattempttoregaintheballwhilelyingkneelingorsittingdown.
iv)Usethegoalpost;
a)asameansofregainingbalance;or
b)asasupportinrecoveringtheballgoingoutofcourt
iv)deliberatelykicktheball.

Penalty-Freepasstotheopposingteamwheretheinfringementoccurred.

Aplayerinpossessionoftheballshallplayitorshootforgoalwithinthree(3)seconds.Top
laytheballtheplayermay;
i. Throwitinanymannerandinanydirectiontoanotherplayer;
ii. Bouncewithoneorbothhandsinanydirectiontoanotherplayer;
iii. Aplayerwhohasheldtheballmaynot;
-Rolltheballtoanotherplayer;
-
Throwtheballandplayitbeforeithasbeentouchedbyanotherpl
ayer’
-Tosstheballintotheairandreplayit;
-Droptheballandreplayit
-Bouncetheballandreplayit;
-
Replaytheballafteranunsuccessfulshotatgoalunlessithastou
chedsomepartofthegoalpost.

Penalty-
Afreepasstotheopposingteamwheretheinfringementocc
urred.
 Duringthematch
Teamchangesandsubstitution.
Substitutionandteamchangesisallowedtotheteams;
i)Duringaninterval
ii)_Whenplayisstoppedforinjury/illnessorblood.
iiiThereisnolimittothenumberofsubstitutionsprovidedtheplayersarethoseentitledt
oplay.

Latearrivals
Playerwhoarriveafterthegamehasstartedmay;
i)Enterthefieldofplayeronlyafter;
a) Agoalisscored
b) Aftferastoppageforinjuryoranothercause
c) Afteraninterval.
ii)notimmediatelyreplacetheplayeralreadyincourtbutmayactasasubstitute.
Sanction.Afreepasswheretheballwaswhenplaystopped.Theplayerissentouto
fcourtuntilthecorrecttimeofentry.

Stoppages
Umpiremayholdtimefor;
a) Aninjuryorillnessorblood.Playersnotaffectedmustremaininsidethecourt
.
b) Emergencyoranyothercause.Theumpiredecideswhetherplayersshouldle
avethecourtornot.
c) Playrestartsfromwheretheballwasasfollows:
i) Throw-in-iftheballwasoutofcourt
ii) Freepass-ifaminorinfringementwascommittedbeforethestoppage
iii) Penaltypass/shot-foramajorinfringement
iv) Tossup-
iftheballwasonthegroundortheumpiresisunabletosaywhichteamh
adtheballlast.
d) Inextremecircumstances,andinconsultationwiththeorganizerstheumpir
 emaydecidetoterminatethegameifthesafetyofplayersisatrisk.

11.Rulesofcontactandobstruction

Thesearerulesconcernedwith

a) physicalcontacts
 aplayerisnotallowedtomakeanyphysicalcontactwithanotherplayerwithorwitho
uttheball
 playershallnotcontacttheopponentusingtheballorattempttoplaytheballofftheha
ndsofanopponent
 aplayershallnotimpedeanotherplayerbyattemptingtoputthehandacrossanotherp
layer,elbowing,charging,pushing,holdinginanyway.

b)
c)
d)
e) Obstruction
Thedefendershallnotdefendwithinadistanceof0.9m(3ft)awayfromanopponentwiththe
ball.Inotherwordsthedefendershouldmaintainadistanceofapproximately1meterawayf
romanopponentduringactivedefense

.
f) Interferencewiththegoalposts
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Playersshallnotshake,moveorleanonthegoalpostswhenshotsisbeingatte
mpted
Penaltypassissimilartofreepassonlythattheplayerbeingpenalizedfortheoffen
cemuststandoutofthewayuntilthepassistaken.Penaltypassisawardedforconta
ctandobstructionoffencesintimidation,anddefendingofaplayerwhoisoutofco
urtorenteringthecourt.Alsoawardedforinterferencewiththegoalpo

Summary.
Thegameiscontrolledbytwoumpireswhopenaliseinfringementsoftherules.Th
eymayaward:-
-FreePass
-PenaltyPass
-PenaltyPassorShot
-ThrowIn
-TossUp
SCORINGAGOAL

AgoalisscoredwhentheballisthrownorbattedoverandcompletelythroughtheringbyGo
alShooterorGoalAttackfromanypointwithintheGoalCircleincludingthelinesboundin
gtheGoalCircle:-

(i)Ifanotherplayerthrowstheballthroughtheringnogoalisscoredandplay
continues.
(ii)Ifadefendingplayerdeflectsashotforgoalandtheballthenpassesoverand
completelythroughtheringagoalisscored.

(iii)GoalShooterorGoalAttackmayshootforgoalorpassiftheballiswonataTossUpinthe
GoalCircle.

(iv)Ifthewhistleforanintervalor'time'isblownbeforetheballhaspassed
completelythroughthering,nogoalisscored.

(v)Ifthewhistleforanintervalor'time'isblownafteraPenaltyPassorPenaltyPassorShoth
asbeenawardedintheGoalCircle,thePenaltyPassorShotshallbetaken.

Intakingashotforgoalaplayershall:-

(i)havenocontactwiththegroundoutsidetheGoalCircleeitherduringthecatchingoftheb
allorwhilstholdingit.Itisnotcontactwiththegroundtoleanontheball,butifthishappensbe
hindtheGoalLinetheballisconsideredtobeoutofCourt;
(ii)shootwithinthreesecondsofcatchingorholdingtheball;

(iii)obeytheFootworkRule.

PENALTY
a)FreePasstotheopposingteamintheGoalCirclewheretheinfringement
occurred.
AdefendingplayermaynotcausetheGoalposttomovesoastointerferewiththe
shotatgoal.

b)PenaltyPassorShottotheopposingteamtobetaken:-
(i)fromwheretheinfringerwasstandingunlessthisplacesthenon-
offendingteamatadisadvantage;
(ii)iftheinfringerwasoutofCourt,onCourtwheretheinfringerwasstanding.

WARNING,SUSPENSIONANDORDERINGOFF

Forroughordangerousplay,misconductoranyotherconductwhichisconsidered
inappropriate,theUmpiremay,inadditiontoanypenaltyawarded,warnaplayer,suspend
(standofftheCourt)foraspecifiedtimeororderaplayertoleavetheCourtandtakenofurthe
rpartinthegame.

WARNING
Aformalwarningmaybegiventoaplayerwhosebehaviourisconsidered
inappropriateinanyway.Atthetimewhenthewarningisgiven,theUmpireshall
signaltotheTimekeeperstoholdtimeandshalltakethefollowingactions:
(i)Advisetheplayerofthepenaltyorcourseofactionwhichislikelytooccurif
thereareanyfurtherbreaches;

(ii)AdvisetheCaptainofthisplayer'steamofthewarningandtheproposedactions;
(iii)AdvisetheotherUmpireofthewarningandtheproposedactions.
IntheeventthatanyfurtherbreachoccursintheCourtareacontrolledbythe
Umpirewhodidnotissuethewarning,thisUmpiremaytakeanyaction
consideredappropriate,includingsuspensionoftheplayerconcerned.Insucha
case,thewarninggivenmaybeconsideredtohavebeenmadejointlybythetwo
Umpires.Itshallnothowever,bebindingonthesecondUmpire.
SUSPENSION
Aplayermaybesuspendedfromagameforaspecifiedperiod.Exceptin
extremecircumstances,thiswillnotbedoneunlessanappropriatewarninghas
beengiven.AtthetimethattheplayerleavestheCourt,theUmpireshall:-
(i) SignaltotheTimekeeperstoholdtime;
(ii)Advisetheplayerofthereasonsforthesuspensionandthetimeforthistoapply(exa
mpleswouldbeuntilthenextgoalisscored;untilthenextinterval;forfiveminutes).The
lengthoftimeshouldbeappropriatetothelevelofseriousnessofthebehaviorconcerne
d;
(ii) AdvisetheotherUmpireoftheactiontaken;
(iv)AdvisetheCaptainoftheteamconcernedoftheactiontaken;
(v)AdvisetheTimekeepersofthelengthofthesuspension.
Thesuspendedplayershallremainbesidethescorebenchorinsuchotherplace
asdesignatedbeforethegame.

Whenaplayerissuspendednosubstitutionmaybemadefortheplayer
concerned.Thesuspendedplayer'spositionshallremainvacantduringthe
suspension,exceptifaCentreissuspended.Inthiscase,theteamshallmoveonly
oneplayerinordertoallowplaytocontinue.ThatplayershallremainasCentre
untiltheendofthesuspensionperiod.Attheendofthesuspension,the
suspendedplayerandanyotherplayermovedtotheCentreshallreturntotheir
originalpositions.

Attheendofthesuspensionperiod,afternotifyingtheUmpire,thesuspended
playermayreturntothegameimmediatelyafteragoalhasbeenscoredor
followinganinterval.

ORDERING-OFF
Inthecaseofmoreseriousmisconductorofmisconductfollowingasuspension,
theUmpiremayorderaplayertoleavetheCourtandtakenofurtherpartinthe
game.Thisactionshallbetakenonlywhentheordinarypenaltyisconsidered
insufficientand,exceptinextremecases,onlyafterawarning.Theplayersentoff
shallreporttotheappropriateTeamBench.

Nosubstitutionmaybemadeforaplayerorderedoff.Theplayingpositionof
thatplayershallbeleftvacant,exceptthatifthisplayeristheCentre,oneplayer
mustbemovedtoCentretoallowthegametocontinue.

FAILURETOTAKETHECOURT

AteamshallberequiredtotaketheCourtwhenrequestedtodosobytheUmpires
atthestartofthegameorafteranyinterval.Ifthereareatleastfiveplayers
present,ateamshallberequiredtotaketheCourttostartplay.Playersarriving
afterthegamehasstartedare'LateArrivals"andwillbeabletoenterthegame
onlyasspecifiedinRule5.IftheCentreismissing,oneplayershallmovetothis
position.
Intheeventthattherearefewerthanfiveplayerspresent,thefollowingproceduresshallbeu
sed:

(i)Atthebeginningofthegameamaximumperiodoffiveminutesshallbe
allowedforatleastfiveplayersofateamtoarrive.If,attheendofthistime,
therearefewerthanfiveplayerspresent,thegameshallbeawardedtothenonoffendingtea
m.

(ii)Priortotheendofaninterval,theUmpireshallgivea30secondwarningfortheteamtota
ketheCourt.
iii) IftheteamfailstotaketheCourtattheendofthat30seconds,theUmpireshallgiveao
neminutewarningandrequirethatteamtotaketheCourtwithinthattime.

IftheoffendingteamfailstotaketheCourtbytheendoftheone(1)minutewarning,th
egameshallbeawardedtothenon-offendingteam.

OFFICIALS
TheMatchOfficialsare:Umpires,Scorers,Timekeepers.

TheTeamOfficialsare:Coach,Manager,Captainandtwo(2)PrimaryCarePersonnel.Th
eTeamOfficials,inadditiontothefiveplayersnotonCourt,shall

constitutetheTeamBench.
Umpires
ThereshallbetwoUmpireswhoshallhavecontrolofthegameandgivedecisions.

Theyshallumpireaccordingtotherulesanddecideonanymatternotcoveredby
therules.ThedecisionsoftheUmpiresshallbefinalandshallbegivenwithout
appeal.
Beforethestartofplay:-

(i) UmpireswillcheckthattheCourt,Goalpostsandtheballconformtotherulesoftheg
ame;
(ii) OfftheCourt,theUmpireswillinspectplayersforsharpadornments,jewellery,uni
formsandthecorrectlengthoffingernails.

AnUmpire'swhistleshall:-

(i)startandstopthegame;
(ii)signaltheendofeachquarterofthegame;
(iii)start,orre-
startthegameafteraninterval,whichshallbecontrolledbytheUmpireintowhos
ehalftheplayistobedirected;
(iv)signalwhenaninfringementistobepenalised;
(v)signalwhenagoalisscored;
(vi)signaltheTimekeeperstoholdtimeforstoppages.
ftertheplayershavetakentheirpositionsontheCourt,theUmpiresshalltossforg
oalend.TheUmpirewinningthetossshallcontrolthathalfoftheCourtdesignate
dthenorthernhalf.
Umpiresshallwearclothesdistinctfromthoseoftheplayersandpreferablywhit
eorcreamincolour.Suitableshoesshallbeworn.
EachUmpireshall:-
(i) controlandgivedecisionsonlyinonehalfoftheCourt.
(ii) AnUmpiremayappealtotheotherUmpireforadecisionin
theotherhalfandbereadyforsuchanappealatalltimes.Forthispurposethelengthof
CourtisdividedinhalfacrossthecentrefromSideLinetoSideLine;

(ii)umpireinthesamehalfoftheCourtthroughoutthegame;
(iii)re-
startthegameafterallgoalsscoredinthehalfbeingcontrolled.BothUmpi
resmustindicatethedirectionoftheCentrePassandiftheydisagreetheU
mpiresshallappealtotheScorer;

(iv)givedecisionsfortheThrowInforoneGoalLineandforthewholeofo
neSideLine.TheUmpireresponsiblefortheSideLineisresponsiblefor
makingdecisionsrelatedtoinfringementsbytheplayerthrowinginandt
hedefendingopponents,andforanyotherincidentaldecisionsrelatedtoi
nfringementsinvolvingdefendingby,andof,aplayerwhohasvoluntaril
ylefttheCourtfrom
thatSideLine.Oncethepenaltyhasbeenawarded,theUmpireinwhoseh
alfplayis,resumescontrolofthathalf.

(v)keepoutsidetheCourtexceptwhenitisnecessarytoenterittosecureac
learviewofplay,ortotakeaTossUp.
IftheballstrikestheUmpireduringplay,orifanUmpireinterfereswithth
emovementsoftheplayers,playdoesnotceaseunlessoneteamhasbeenu
ndulypenalised,inwhichcaseaFreePassshallbeawardedtothatteam;

(vi)whenaTossUphasbeenawarded,thenearerUmpirewillconductthe
TossUpandshallcontrolallrelevantpointslistedin:TossUp,excepteach
UmpireshallcontroltheTossUpintheGoalCircleintheirareaofcontrol;

(vii)movealongtheSideLineandbehindtheGoalLinetoviewplayandm
akedecisions;

(viii)refrainfromblowingthewhistletopenaliseaninfringementwhenb
ysodoingthenon-
offendingteamwouldbeplacedatadisadvantage.AnUmpireshallcall"a
dvantage"toindicateaninfringementhasbeenobservedandnotpenalise
d.
Havingblownthewhistleforaninfringementthepenaltymustbetakenu
nlessagoalisscoredwhichistotheadvantageofthenon-offendingteam;
(ix)notcriticiseorcoachanyteamwhileamatchisinprogress;
(x)checkthatduringastoppageforinjuryorillness,otherplayersremain
ontheCourt.ACoachmaycoachduringthestoppage.
(xi)statetheinfringementandpenaltyandshouldusehandsignalstoclari
fydecisions.

(xii)stopthegameatanytimetodealwithanemergency;
(xiii)notifytheotherUmpireofanydisciplinaryaction.

scorer

ThereshallbetwoScorersforeachgameworkingindependentlywithsep
aratescoresheets.Scorer1shallbetheofficialScorerforthegame.

ThereshallbeoneCallerforeachgame.TheCallershallcalltheattempts,
missesandgoalsscoredforeachteamastheyoccurs

TheScorersshallrecordthenamesofplayers,substitutions,teamchange
sandsuspensionsofplayers.

TheScorersshallcalltheCentrePassifappealedtobyanUmpire.

Timekeeper

ThereshallbetwoTimekeeperswhoshall:-

(i)starttimingwhenthegameisstartedbytheUmpire'swhistleandshallsi
gnaltheendofeachquarterorhalftotheUmpire;
(ii)holdtimewheninstructedbytheUmpirewhoshallblowthewhistleto
stopplay.
 TorestartplaytheUmpireshallsignaltotheTimekeepersandblowthewh
istleforplaytoberesumed;

(iii)ensurethat,wheninstructedbytheUmpire,timelostforastoppageis
playedinthequarterorhalfinwhichthisoccurs.

TeamOfficials

ATeamOfficial:

(i)shall,duringanintervalorstoppageforinjuryorillness,immediatelynotifytheScorersa
ndtheopposingTeamOfficialofanysubstitutionsand/orteamchanges;

(ii)duringaninterval,mayappealtotheUmpiresforextratimetodealwithanemergencyaf
fectingamemberoftheteam.IftheappealisgrantedtheUmpiresshalladviseeachteam'sOf
ficialsandtheTimekeepersoftheexpectedlengthof
thestoppage.

TeamOfficialsandbenchplayersmaynotmoveupanddowntheSideLinesoralongtheGo
alLinesoutsidetheCourtduringtheplay.

Captains

TheCaptainsshalltossforchoiceofgoalendorfirstCentrePassandnotifytheUmpiresofth
eresult.

TheCaptainshavetherighttoapproachanUmpireduringanintervalorafterthegameforcl
arificationofanyrule.

TheCaptainshavetherighttoappealtoanUmpireiftheTeamOfficialwasnotnotifiedofsu
bstitutionsand/orteamchange.

TheCaptainwillbeinformedbyanUmpirewhenteamplayersarewarned,suspendedoror
deredoff.
basicskills

1.Passing

2.Catching

3.Shooting

4.Dodging

5.Marking

6.Intercepting

1.Passing

Typesofpasses

a) Shoulderpass
b) Chestpass
c) Bouncepass
d) Loppass
e) Overheadpass

Teachingpoints

a) Shoulderpass
1. Putbodyweightonthebackofthefoot
2. Ballheldatshoulderheight
3. Fingersoftheholdinghandwellspreadbehindtheball.
4. Makeaforwardthrusttoreleasetheballbyrotatingthehipsandshouldersforwardas
bodyweightistransferredontotheoppositefoottothethrowingarm.
5. Makeafollowthrough.
b) Chestpass
1. Fingersandthumbsofbothhandswellspreadbehindtheball
2. Elbowsbentoutwards
3. Stepforwardwitheitherfoot
4. makeaquickandpowerfulforwardthrustoftheballwithstrongshoulder,elbowand
wristpush
 5. Fingersextendedtowardsreceiverastheballisreleasedfromchestlevel.
6. Makeafollowthrough
c) Bouncepass
1. Ballispusheddownwardstothegroundtowardsthereceiver
2. Passcanbeeitherchestpass,Shoulderpassoroverheadpass,asingleordoublehand
edpass.
3. Bouncetheballtoreachthereceiveratwaistlevel.Thereceivershouldmoveforwar
dtoreceivetheball
4. Makeafollowthrough

2.Catching

Thisisreceivingathrownballfromateammate.

Teachingpoints

1. Eyesfocusedontheincomingball
2. Reachouttowardstheballbystretchingthearmsandsteppingtowardsit.
3. Takeintheballintobothhands,
(withacushioningaction)withfingerswellspreadbehindtheball
4. Catchtheballwithfingersandthethumbs,neverwiththepalms.
NbAslearnersmastertheskill,letthemattemptreachingouttocatchwithonehand.
Thisisdonebytippingtheballwiththetipsofthefingerstocontrolitbeforeallowingt
heballtoreatonthepalmofthereceivinghand.(applicableforhighpasses
5. Maintainbodycontrolandbalanceatalltimes.
d) Shooting
ThisistheskillofthrowingtheballoverandthroughtheringbyeithertheGSortheG
Aoftheteam,fromwithintheshootingcircle.
Teachingpoints
1.standfirmlywiththeweightsupportedbothlegs
2.ballheldwitheitheroneorbothhands,fingerswellsrpreadbehindtheball
3.kneesandelbowsslightlybent
4.ballisheldslightlybabovetheforehead
5.aimtheballatapointabovethering
6.releasetheballtowardstheringwithaflickofthewrist
7.shootwithinthreesecondsofhavingreceivedtheball
 8.observefootworkrules
Setshots,lopshotsorjumpshotscanbeapplied

Dodging/feinting

Itistheactofgettingfreebymovingquicklyandsuddenlytoavoidaclosemarkingbyanopp
onent.Itscommonlyusedduringoffensiveplay.

Teachingpoints

1.getbehindanopponent,makeafeinttoonesideandsprintintheoppositedirection

2.asin(1)above,butthistimemakeafeintbackwardsandthenaprintforwardtoreceiveapa
ss

3.ifonereceivingahighpassoveranopponent’headtheplayermakesafeintforwardandth
enrunsbackwardtoreceiveaball

4.sprintinanyintendeddirectionandthenstopsuddenlytocatchtheball.

Marking.

Itisadefensivemoveaimedatpreventingtheopponentfromreceivingtheball,andalsot
ogainballpossession.

Teachingpoints.

1. Takepositionbetweentheopponentandtheball
2. Standclosebutnottouchingtheopponent
3. Keeptheballandtheopponentwithinsight
4. Keeparmsdowntoavoidobstruction
5. Predictthedirectionandtimingoftheopponent’movementsandmovewithhim/
her

Intercepting

Itisaquickreactiontorepossesstheballfromanopponent,byquickilymovinginfrontofthe
opponenttocatchtheballbeingpassed.

Teachingpoints.

Interceptingapass
Keepadistanceofatleastonemeterfromtheplayerinpossessionoftheball

Springupwardstoreachthegreatestpossibledistanceverticallyor

Rushforwardsintercepttheballatitspath

Thespringhastobedoneassoonastheballleavesthethrower’shands

Interceptingashoot

Wheninterceptingashotforagoal,onemustspringandstretchmoreifanysucesssistobeac
hieved.

Thespringmustbetimedtotakeplaceassoonastheballleavestheshooter’s

Hands

Onemaymakeasidestancetotheshooterandthenthrustonearmuptointercept

Becarefulnottoobstructtheshooter/keeptheonemeterdistancefromtheshooter

Focustheeyesontheball

Anticipatetheshooer’smove

Deflectthepathoftheballassoonasitisreleasedfromtheshooer’shands.

Playingstrategiesandtactics.

a) Attackstrategies.

i.Timing:playershouldconcentrate,andcoorectlytimehis/hermovesintotheattack.

ii.Footwork:playershouldknowwhentomoveandhowtoavoidthedefense.anarrowbas
eisneededformobilityandbothfeetshouldpointtowardstheintendeddirection.

iii.Speedofreaction:playershouldbeabletoappropriatelyrespondtosignalsnecessaryfo
refficientattackingplay
iv)Feinting:Makingafalsemovetodrawtheopponentawayfromtheballbeingpassed.D
odgingmovescanbedonebychangingdirectionsfowardsorbackwards,sideways,chang
ingpace,sprintingandstoppingsuddenlyandsoon.

Defensestrategy
a) Marking-opponentshouldbecloselymarkedallthetime
b) Intercepting-deflectthepathoftheopponent’sballorcatchitatitspath
-bereadyforrebound

Minor/Conditionedgameofnetball

Theteachermaycomeupwithvariousconditionedgames.

Toensurethesuccessofanyconditionedgameofnetball,considerthefollowingguideline
s;

1. Maximizetheuseoftheplayingfieldbydivingitintosmallareastosuitthenumberof
groupsformed.
2. Giveclearinstructionsontherulesgoverningthegame
3. Modifythegametosuitthelearningsituation
4. Ensurefunandenjoyment
5. Moreemphasislaidontheapplicationlearntskills
6. Ensuresafety.

Revisionqueations.

1. Nameanythreeplayerswhoareallowedtoplayinthecenterthirdduringthegameof
netball
2. Namethreeinstanceswhenaplayermaybepenalizedforintimidationduringthega
meofnetball
3. Mentioninstanceswhenaplayermayapplychestpasstechnique
4. Sketchtheplayingcourtandindicatetheplayingpositionsofthegoalattack
5. Differentiatebetweenthefollowingtermsasusedinnetball.
i)dodging
ii)feinting
6.whoaretheofficialsinvolvedincontrollingthenetballmatch?
 7.thefigurebelowshowspartofnetballcourt.useittoanswerthequestionsthatfollo
ws.

ppppp

p Q

i)statetwoinstanceswhenthepartmarkedQisusedduringthegameofnetball
ii)identifytheplayerswhoareallowedintheareamarkedP
iii)outlinethequalitiesofaneffectivecenterplayerIagameofnetball

8.StatefourfunctionsofthreKenyanetballassociation

ii)statethereachingpointsfortheshootingskillsinnetball

iii)Highlightthesignificanceofthefollowingfeaturesinanetballcourt;

-centercircle

-goaline

9.citefourinstanceswhenanetballplayercannotholdtheballformorethanthreeseconds.

10.statetheteachingpointsforbouncepass

11.givethreeinstanceswhentheballisconsideredoutofplayinnetball.