General Mathematics

Quarter 1 – Module 17:

Exponential Functions,
Equations and Inequalities
General Mathematics
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 17: Exponential Functions, Equations, and Inequalities
First Edition, 2020

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General Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 17:
Exponential Functions,
Equations, and Inequalities
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Mathematics Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Exponential Functions, Equations, and Inequalities!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

from public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the General Mathematics Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Exponential Functions, Equations and Inequalities!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as
a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies
in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.

iii
You will be able to process the contents of the learning resource while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous
one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be

given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

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At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master Exponential Function, Exponential Equation and Exponential Inequality.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. distinguish logarithmic function, logarithmic equation, and logarithmic
inequality; and
2. formulate own examples of exponential functions, equations, and
inequalities.

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. What do you call an expression that is of the form 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 𝑥−𝑐 𝑑, where a, b, c,

and d are real numbers and x is a variable?
a. Rational Algebraic Expression
b. Mathematical Expression
c. Exponential Expression
d. Logarithmic Expression

2. Which of the following expresses the relationship between two variables?

a. Exponential Equation
b. Exponential Inequality
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Expression

3. Which of the following is commonly expressed as an independent variable?

a. 𝑦
b. 𝑥
c. 𝑓(𝑥)
d. 𝑔(𝑥)

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4. In which of the following is 16 = 4𝑥−2 classified?
a. Exponential Expression
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Inequality

5. In which of the following is 23𝑥−4 classified?

a. Exponential Expression
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Inequality

6. In which of the following is 𝑓(𝑥) = 7𝑥 3 classified?

a. Exponential Expression
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Inequality

1 3𝑥
7. In which of the following is (2) ≤ 16 classified?
a. Exponential Expression
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Inequality

8. What is true about the exponential function 𝑦 = 10𝑥−2 ?

a. The possible values for x can be solved based on y-values.
b. This can also be considered as an exponential equation.
c. This shows the relationship between two variables.
d. The possible values for y can be assigned beforehand.

9. Which of the following is an exponential function?

a. 𝑦 = 9𝑥 2
b. ℎ(𝑥) = 4𝑥
c. 2𝑥+1 = 4
d. 3𝑥 2 = 81

10. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?

a. 9𝑥 < 272𝑥
b. 34𝑥 = 𝑦
c. 2𝑥 = 64𝑥 2
d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 6𝑥

11. Which of the following is an exponential equation?

a. 10𝑥−2 ≥ 100 𝑥
b. 𝑔(𝑥) = 83𝑥

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 c. 12 = 144𝑥
d. (0.25)𝑥+4 > (0.5)5𝑥
12. In which of the following is 22 (400𝑥+1 ) = 80 classified?
a. Exponential Model
b. Exponential Function
c. Exponential Inequality
d. Exponential Equation

13. In which of the following is 64≥ 4𝑥+1 classified?

a. Exponential Model
b. Exponential Function
c. Exponential Inequality
d. Exponential Equation

14. Which of the following is an exponential equation?

a. 36 = 𝑥 2
b. 34𝑥 > 27
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 102𝑥
d. 81 = 9𝑥

15. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?

a. (0.64) ≤ (0.8)𝑥
b. 3 > 27𝑥 3
c. 102 ≥ 1000𝑥
d. 49 < 73

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Lesson
Exponential Functions,
1 Equations and Inequalities
In the previous lessons, you learned how to determine domain and range of
an exponential function. You were to only consider cases of exponential functions
where P(x) is linear, in which case, bP(x) will always be defined for any value of x.
Thus, the domain of an exponential function is the set of real numbers or 𝑅. For
the range, note that bP(x) > 0 for any value of x. hence, the range of an exponential
function will depend on a and h.

What’s In

Anything that increases or decreases rapidly is said to be exponential. You

have learned in the previous module that there are a lot of real-life situations
involving such conditions. For instance, population growth, exponential decay, and
compound interest. And these situations depict the so-called exponential functions.
Recall that an exponential function with base b is of the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 or
𝑦 = 𝑏 𝑥 , where 𝑏 > 0, but 𝑏 ≠ 1. Have you noticed anything with the exponent? How
does it differ from the exponents of some other functions? Good! The exponential
function has exponents that are variables. In the past lesson, you have learned that
this exponent determines how fast a function increases or decreases.

Notes to the Teacher

Lead learners to the concept that f(x) and y are the same in
dealing with functions, as they both refer to dependent variable.
Guide learners as well in understanding that the symbols mean
all positive numbers, but one.

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 What’s New

Spot the Similarity and Difference!

Below are three expressions. Observe them and spot their similarities and
differences.

(a) 3𝑥−2 = 81 (b) 𝑦 = 4𝑥 (c) 2𝑥 ≥ 32

Questions:
1. What is the similarity of (a), (b), and (c)?
2. What is the similarity of (a) and (c)?
3. How do (a) and (c) differ from (b)?
4. How are (a) and (b) similar to each other?
5. How do (a) and (b) differ from (c)?
6. Can you recall which among them is an exponential function?
7. Which among the three is/are exponential expression/s?

As you have noticed, all the three givens are expressions involving variable
as the exponent (a) and (c) both involve one variable only, while (b) involves the
relationship between two variables. Nevertheless, (a) and (b) both use an equal sign.
(b) however, it contains an inequality symbol.
Recall that (b) is an exponential function since it shows the relation between
dependent variable y and independent variable x. Nevertheless, all three are
exponential expressions, including (a) and (c). It is so since all are expressions with
a variable used as an exponent.

What is It

From the previous activity, you have learned that there are other exponential
expressions aside from exponential function. Based on what you have observed in
the activity, they are those exponential expressions that do not involve a dependent
variable y or f(x). But taking a deeper look, you have noticed that these expressions
can be further classified into two – exponential equation and inequality. Let us now
differentiate the three.
An exponential function is a function involving exponential expression
showing a relationship between the independent variable x and dependent variable
y or f(x). Examples of which are 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥+3 and 𝑦 = 102𝑥 .

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 On the other hand, an exponential equation is an equation involving
exponential expression that can be solved for all x values satisfying the equation.
For instance, 121 = 11𝑥 and 3𝑥 = 9𝑥−2 .

Lastly, an exponential inequality is an inequality involving exponential

expression that can be solved for all x values satisfying the inequality. For example,
641/3 > 2𝑥 and (0.9)𝑥 > 0.81.

After learning the differences among the three exponential expressions, can
you give your own examples for each? What are they?

What’s More

Activity 1.1 Where Do They Belong?

Below is a list of exponential expressions. Classify each as to whether it is an

exponential function, equation, inequality, or does not belong to any of these three.
1 𝑥
32𝑥−4 ≤ 16𝑥+2 6 > ( ) 𝑥 7 + 1 < 10𝑥 8 64 = 2𝑥+2
36𝑥 = 6 36 𝑦 = 𝑥5

1 𝑥+2 1 𝑥
100 > 102𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 𝑔(𝑥) = 45𝑥 𝑦 = 5𝑥−1 ( ) =( ) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥
2 8

7 = 49𝑥 27 < 3𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥+2

Exponential Exponential Exponential None of these

Function Equation Inequality

Activity 1.2 Classify and Justify!

Classify each exponential expression into an exponential function, equation,

inequality, or none of these three. Justify your decision in one sentence for every
item.
________________________________ 1. 32𝑥 = 81
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________ 2. 𝑥 5 < 15𝑥 3
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

1 𝑥
________________________________ 3. 5 > ( )
25
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________ 4. ℎ(𝑥) = 63𝑥

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________ 5. 32 = 2𝑥+1
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Fill in the blanks of the following statements with the correct missing words or
phrases.
1. An expression involving a rapid increase or decrease is said to be __________
________________________________.
2. The exponent of an exponential expression is a ___________________________
_______________ showing how fast the function increase or decrease.
3. When an exponential expression depicts a relationship between two
variables, it involves ____________________________.
4. An __________________________ can be solved for all x values of those
involving equations.
5. An exponential inequality is a/an ___________________ that can also be
solved for all values of x.

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 What I Can Do

Suppose that most production of natural sources of income in your areas

such as rice, coconut, or fish production, is exponentially decreasing, how would
you be able to contribute in their restoration as a responsible citizen? How would
you promote your own city’s pride to others?
Try scoring your essay using the rubric below.
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Content Very relative Somewhat Less relative Not relative to
to the topic relative to the to the topic the topic and
and well- topic and and poorly very poorly
organized organized organized organized
Spelling, No spelling, Very few Several Many spelling,
Grammar, punctuation spelling, spelling, punctuation,
and or punctuation, punctuation, and
Punctuations grammatical and and grammatical
errors grammatical grammatical errors
errors errors
When you scored 6-8, send it as a private message to some of your friends residing
in the same area where you are. Let them feel your appreciation of your local
officials’ service. At the same time, encourage them to support your local officials.
But when you scored 5 and below, try revising it first. Then, see to it that right
after, you will also motivate your friends to have the same concern as yours.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is true about exponential expression?

a. It has an exponent.
b. Its exponent is a variable.
c. Its exponent is constant.
d. Its exponent is an expression.

2. Which of the following is an exponential function?

a. 𝑓(𝑥) = (4 + 𝑥)2
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 2
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥

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 d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥
3. In which of the following is 36𝑥 = 6𝑥+4 classified?
a. Exponential Model
b. Exponential Function
c. Exponential Inequality
d. Exponential Equation

4. Which of the following is commonly used as a dependent variable in an

exponential function?
a. 𝑓(𝑥)
b. 𝑥
c. 2𝑥
d. 2𝑥

5. In which of the following is 169 ≥ 132𝑥 classified?

a. Exponential Inequality
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Model

6. In which of the following is 35𝑥−1 = 27 classified?

a. Exponential Expression
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Inequality

7. Which of the following exponential function?

a. 5𝑥+3 < 25𝑥
b. 12 = 144𝑥
c. 𝑦 = 12𝑥−1
d. (0.64)𝑥 > (0.8)𝑥+4

8. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?

a. (0.04) ≤ 0.2𝑥
b. 3 > 27𝑥
c. 302 ≥ 900𝑥
d. 64𝑥 < 26

9. Which of the following is an exponential function?

a. 𝑦 = 11𝑥 2
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 11𝑥
c. 𝑗(𝑥) = 11𝑥
d. 11𝑥 2 = 𝑥 11

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10. Which of the following is an exponential inequality?
a. 4𝑥−1 > 162𝑥
b. 4𝑥 − 1 < 16𝑥 2
c. 𝑦 = 16𝑥 2
d. 𝑓(𝑥) = (16 + 𝑥)2

11. Which of the following is an exponential equation?

a. 𝑥 2 = 144
b. 15𝑥+2 = 225
c. 2𝑥 + 3 = 29
d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 8𝑥

12. In which of the following is 𝑦 = 23𝑥+1 classified?

a. Exponential Expression
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Function
d. Exponential Inequality

13. What is true about an exponential function?

a. It contains the inequality symbol.
b. It has a numerical exponent only.
c. It is written in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑏 𝑥 where 𝑏 > 0, 𝑏 ≠ 1.
d. It involves radical expression.

14. In which of the following is 𝑔(𝑥) = 4𝑥−1 classified?

a. Exponential Function
b. Exponential Equation
c. Exponential Inequality
d. None of these

15. What is true about 1000 = 100𝑥 ?

a. It can be considered as an exponential function.
b. It is an exponential equation whose x-value can be solved.
c. It shows the relationship between the independent and dependent
variables.
d. It can also be expressed as an exponential inequality with one
variable

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 Additional Activities

Formulate your own 5 examples for each of the following:

● Exponential function
● Exponential equation
● Exponential inequality

References

Dimasuay, Lynie, Alcala, Jeric. Palacio Jane. General Mathematics. Quezon City
Philippines: C & E Publishing, Inc.2016
General Mathematics Learner’s Material. First Edition. 2016. P. 82

*DepED Material: General Mathematics Learner’s Material

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