Procedures

Control Circuit | Single Phase Compressor | Troubleshooting

Three Phase Compressors | Replacement Procedures
History 1977–1991
Compressor Service
 Compressors

Subject Page
Compressor Fails to Start – Control Circuit – All ................................................................................................ 3
Single Phase Compressors – Fails to Start – Motor Hums – All ....................................................................... 3
Single Phase Compressors – Fails to Start – Motor Doesn’t Hum – All ........................................................... 3
3 Phase Compressor – Fails to Start – Motor Hums – All ............................................................................. ......4
3 Phase Compressor – Fails to Start – Motor Doesn’t Hum ...............................................................................4
Compressor Cycles on Internal Overload (I.O.L.) after Starting ........................................................................... 5
Compressor Runs – Little or No Pumping ............................................................................................................6
Noisy compressor
Running .............................................................................................................................................................6
Starting And/Or Stopping .................................................................................................................................6
Scroll Functional Check ...........................................................................................................................................6
Compressor Power Supply – All ............................................................................................................................6
Scroll Power Interruptions ......................................................................................................................................7
Three Phase Power Supplies ..................................................................................................................................7
Run Capacitor(s)
Ohmmeter Test ..................................................................................................................................................7
Power Test .........................................................................................................................................................7
Metal-Cased Round Dual Capacitors ......................................................................................................................8
Start Capacitor – Checking a Start Capacitor Using the Ohmmeter .....................................................................8
Start Capacitor Relay ...............................................................................................................................................8
Motor Windings Continuity Test – Reciprocating
Ground Test .......................................................................................................................................................9
Single Phase with Internal Overload Protectors (I.O.L.) ............................................................................... 10
3 Phase with Internal Overload Protectors (I.O.L.) ........................................................................................ 10
Single Phase with Internal Pilot Duty Thermostats (T.M.) ............................................................................11
3 Phase with Internal Pilot Duty Thermostats (T.M.) ..................................................................................... 11
Hi Pot Testing (Scrolls) ...........................................................................................................................................12
Motor Windings Continuity Test – Reciprocating – 3 Phase Compressors with
Solid State Motor Protection System (M.P.M.) ....................................................................................................12
Motor Protection Module Test – Robert Shaw – Reciprocating ....................................................................... 12
Motor Protection Module Test – Texas Instruments – Reciprocating ..............................................................13
Terminal Location – Protection Module ..............................................................................................................13
Checking Electrical Circuits – All .........................................................................................................................13
Important Start Up Procedure – Reciprocating .................................................................................................. 14
Crankcase Heat – Reciprocating ..........................................................................................................................14
Compressor Serv 1

Crankcase Heat – Scroll ........................................................................................................................................14

Trickle Circuit Test – Used on Reciprocating Only .............................................................................................. 14
Trickle Circuit Test ..................................................................................................................................................15
Compressor Replacement Procedure ...................................................................................................................15
Acid Formation in Compressors ........................................................................................................................... 16
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Acid Test Kits ..........................................................................................................................................................16

Liquid Line Driers ...................................................................................................................................................16

continued
1
Compressors

Subject – continued Page

Suction Line Driers ................................................................................................................................................. 17
Discharging Refrigerant Systems ......................................................................................................................... 17
Recovering the Charge .......................................................................................................................................... 17
Evacuation – Reason and Procedure ................................................................................................................... 17
Refrigerant System Leaks
Equipment Necessary for Leak Testing ......................................................................................................... 18
To Check for Leaks .......................................................................................................................................... 18
System Checkout After Leak Repair or Compressor Replacement .................................................................... 19
Notes of Interest ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
Compressor Servicing Notes to Remember ........................................................................................................ 19
Quick Troubleshooting List .................................................................................................................................... 20

Compressor Serv 2
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2
 Compressors

Compressor Fails to Start If the equipment does not use a start capacitor and re-
Control Circuit – All lay, temporarily connect a start capacitor (CPT0091) in
parallel with the run capacitor. Manually engage the
Check compressor contactor for energized position. compressor contactor momentarily.
If compressor contactor is not energized, check voltage Scroll
across contactor coil.
Due to the inherent nature of the Alliance Scroll, the
If voltage is present, check contactor. internal pressures are always equalized even if system
If no coil voltage is present, check control transformer pressures are not. This allows excellent low voltage
and control fuse. startability.

If transformer and fuse check good, jumper R to Y low Start component may be required for special situations.
voltage terminals or wires in the outdoor unit. If the CAUTION – Do not apply power for more than 5 sec-
contactor energizes, the problem is in the room thermo- onds. Start capacitors are designed for intermittent
stat or connecting wiring. duty only and could rupture if power is applied for ex-
If the contactor fails to energize when R to Y is tended time periods.
jumpered, check all components connected in series If the compressor starts, remove power immediately.
with the compressor contactor coil. Identify compo- Disconnect the start capacitor. Try to restart the com-
nents from the schematic diagram. pressor. If the compressor starts, restore equipment to
operating condition. Operate the equipment until nor-
Single Phase Compressors mal operating pressures are reached. Measure the
Fails to Start – Motor Hums – All compressor current draw in the compressor common
line. If the current draw is equal to or less than equip-
Turn room thermostat to off position. ment nameplate amps, the servicer must use his expe-
Disconnect outdoor fan motor(s). rience and judgment to determine whether the
equipment will continue to start or a start kit is re-
Measure supply voltage at the line side of the compres-
quired.
sor contactor. Supply voltage should be within 10% of
equipment nameplate rating. If the compressor draws excessive current at operating
conditions, condemn the compressor.
Connect a voltmeter to the load side of the contactor.
If the compressor failed to start with the start capacitor
Observe the voltmeter. Manually engage the contactor
connected, condemn the compressor.
momentarily. Voltage should not drop more than 10%
below no-load voltage. If the voltage drops more than
10%, check circuit wire size, length, and terminals for
Single Phase Compressors
loose connections. Fails to Start – Motor Doesn’t Hum – All
If the motor hums but fails to start, check run cap- Turn room thermostat to off position.
acitor(s). Check start capacitor(s) if used. Disconnect outdoor fan motor(s).
Check start winding fuse if used. Connect a voltmeter to the load side of the compressor
contactor.
Reciprocating
Compressor Serv 3

If the equipment does not use a start capacitor and Manually engage the contactor momentarily.
relay, be sure head and suction pressures are equalized. If adequate supply voltage is present and the compres-
Equipment utilizing expansion valves may require a sor motor does not hum when power is applied, dis-
long time period to equalize. Single-phase compres- connect all power.
sors without start capacitors will not start against a
Determine from the wiring diagram what type of over-
10664 9/21/98

pressure differential.
load protection system is used.

3
Compressors

If the compressor utilizes an internal line break protec- 3 Phase Compressors

tor, it will be identified on the wiring diagram as I.O.L. Fails to Start – Motor Hums – All
Check I.O.L.
Turn room thermostat to off position.
If the compressor utilizes and internal pilot duty protec-
tor, it will be identified on the wiring diagram as T.M. Disconnect outdoor fan motor(s).
Check T.M. Measure phase to phase voltage at the line side of the
If the compressor utilizes external line break compressor contactor. Supply voltage should be within
protector(s), they will be identified on the wiring dia- 10% of equipment nameplate rating.
gram as XOL and XOLS. Check XOL and XOLS. Connect a voltmeter across 1 phase on the load side of
Compressors utilizing T.M. also utilize XOL and XOLS. the contactor.

If protectors check good, measure compressor resis- Observe the voltmeter. Manually engage the contactor
tance at the compressor terminals. momentarily. Voltage should not drop more than 10%
below no-load voltage. If the voltage drops more than
Reciprocating 10% below no-load voltage, check circuit wire size and
If compressor has 5 terminals, check for continuity length and check terminals for loose connections.
between the 3 top terminals. An open reading between Check each phase.
any of these terminals indicates an open winding. Con-
Determine from the wiring diagram what type overload
demn the compressor. The 2 lower terminals are con-
protection system is used.
nected to the internal pilot duty overload (TM) and will
not measure continuity to the top 3 terminals. If the compressor utilizes external protectors, they will
be identified on the wiring diagram as XOL. Check
Check all top 3 terminals to the suction line or discharge
XOL.
line for grounds. If the ohmmeter indicates less than
50,000 ohms, condemn the compressor. If the compressor motor hums when power is applied,
line voltage on all 3 phases check good, all XOL protec-
Reciprocating and Scroll tors check good and voltage is present at all 3 compres-
If compressor has 3 terminals, check for continuity sor winding terminals, then condemn the compressor.
between the 2 bottom terminals (start to run). If an
open circuit is measured, an open winding is indicated. 3 Phase Compressors
Condemn the compressor. If continuity is measured
Fails to Start – Motor Doesn’t Hum
between the start and run terminals, check from the
start terminal to the top terminal (common), and from Turn room thermostat to off position.
the run terminal to common. If both start and run ter- Disconnect outdoor fan(s).
minals are open to the common terminal, the internal
overload (I.O.L.) is open. Allow adequate time for the Manually engage the compressor contactor and mea-
I.O.L. to reset before condemning the compressor. sure phase to phase voltage at the load side of the com-
pressor contactor. Phase to phase voltage should be
If either run to common or start to common measures within 10% of equipment nameplate rating.
an open circuit and the other winding measures conti-
nuity, condemn the compressor for open winding. If the supply voltage checks good and the compressor
does not hum when power is applied, determine from
Compressor Serv 4

Check all 3 terminals to the suction line or discharge the wiring diagram what type overload protection sys-
line for grounds. If the ohmmeter indicates less than tem is used.
50,000 ohms, condemn the compressor.
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4
 Compressors

Reciprocating Compressor Cycles on Internal

If the compressor has 5 terminals and the protec-
Overload (I.O.L.) After Starting
tors are identified as XOL, check the XOL protectors. Listed below are various conditions or problems which
may cause a compressor to cycle on the internal over-
If the XOL protectors check good, phase to phase volt-
load.
age checks good, supply voltage is present at the top 3
compressor terminals and the compressor fails to hum, 1. HIGH HEAD AND HIGH SUCTION PRESSURE
an open winding is indicated. (a) Dirty Condensor Coils
Disconnect power and remove wiring from compressor (b) Overcharge
terminals. Verify open winding by measuring continu- (c) Restricted Air to Condenser
ity between the top 3 compressor terminals. If an open
(d) Filter Dirty (Heating Mode)
circuit is measured between any of the top 3 compres-
sor terminals, condemn the compressor. The lower 2 (e) Lack of ID Airflow (Heating Mode)
terminals are connected to the internal pilot duty pro- (f) Defective Condenser Fan Motor/Capacitor
tector and will not measure continuity to the top 3 ter- 1. Outdoor (Cooling Mode)
minals. 2. Indoor (Heating Mode)
Reciprocating and Scroll (g) Recirculation of Condenser Air

If the compressor has 3 terminals and the overload (h) Excessive Airflow through Evaporator
protector is identified as I.O.L. on the wiring diagram, (Cooling Mode)
the protection system is an internal line break system. (i) Heating Operation Above 65°F OD Ambient.

If the compressor fails to hum when power is applied to 2. DEFECTIVE RUN/START CAPACITORS
an I.O.L. protected compressor, the I.O.L. is open. Al- 3. IMPROPER OR DEFECTIVE START RELAY (CSR)
low adequate time for the I.O.L. to reset before con- 4. HIGH LINE VOLTAGE (TOLERANCE IS VOLTAGE
demning the compressor. RATING PLUS OR MINUS 10%)
To verify an open winding or defective I.O.L., permit at 5. HIGH SUPERHEAT
least one hour for the compressor to cool. If the I.O.L. is (a) Low Refrigerant Charge
open, an open circuit between all three compressor ter-
(b) Liquid Side Restriction – Drier, TXV, Quick
minals will be measured with an ohmmeter. An open
Attach Fittings
circuit measurement with an ohmmeter between any 2
or the 3 compressor terminals indicates an open wind- (c) Leaking Switch-Over Valve
ing. Condemn the compressor. (d) Leaking Internal Pressure Relief Valve (IPR)
(e) Low Side Restriction - Metering Device,
Reciprocating
Distributor Tubes, Coils, Quick Attach Fittings
If the compressor has 3 power terminals and 3 (f) Excessive Airflow through Evaporator
protector terminals, the compressor is protected by a (Cooling Mode)
solid state protection system.
(g) High Superheat During Defrost
When power is applied by manually engaging the 6. TIGHT BEARINGS (I.O.L. WILL TRIP AFTER
contactor, and the compressor fails to hum, an open COMPRESSOR STARTS)
Compressor Serv 5

winding is indicated.
7. LOW LINE VOLTAGE (TOLERANCE IS VOLTAGE
Remove the leads from the upper 3 compressor termi- RATING PLUS OR MINUS 10%)
nals and verify open windings. An open circuit mea- 8. OPEN START WINDINGS
sured with an ohmmeter between any 2 of the 3 upper
9. SHORTED WINDINGS
terminals verifies an open winding. Condemn the com-
pressor. 10. Defective internal overload (I.O.L.)
10664 9/21/98

5
Compressors

Scrolls ent nature of the scroll, excessive noise indicates re-

verse operation. Compressor damage will occur if op-
All of the above conditions apply in addition to:
eration is continued in reverse rotation.
High Discharge temperatures
(a) Loss of charge Noisy Compressor
(b) Extremely high compression ratio caused by Starting And/Or Stopping – All
an evap fan failure.
Check equipment for level installation.
CAUTION – During these conditions, compressor dome
Check compressor for level installation in equipment
temperatures can exceed 400°F.
base pan.

Compressor Runs Check compressor mounting grommets and bolts.

Little Or No Pumping Check refrigerant tubing clearance to equipment cabi-
net, to adjacent tubing, fan motor(s).
High suction pressure and low head pressure are symp-
toms of a poor pumping compressor, but can also be Check operating pressures per charts attached to
symptoms of other system component failure. the equipment. Excessive head pressure can cause
stopping noise.
Heat Pump – Check Check Valves
Be sure the noise is in the compressor. Noise caused
Heat Pump – Check Reversing Valve
by reversing valve operation or rapid pressure balanc-
Check Expansion Valve(s) ing expansion valve can appear as compressor noise.
Check Internal Pressure Relief Valve (IPR) If noise level is unacceptable, change the compressor.
If equipment has service valves, perform pump
down test.
Scroll Functional Check
Alliance Scrolls do not have internal suction valves or
If system components check good and compressor will
discharge valves that can be damaged. Do not close off
not pull suction pressure down, condemn the compres-
the suction service valve to check how low the suction
sor.
pressure will drop. This type of testing could damage
Scroll the compressor.
All Symptoms above plus: 3 phase compressors, when To troubleshoot the compressor:
wired incorrectly, will run in reverse. Due to the inher-
1. Check for proper voltage to the unit.
ent nature of the Scroll, no pumping will occur. Com-
pressor damage will occur if operation is continued in 2. If compressor will not run, check for an open
reverse rotation. safety device and allow time to reset if open.
3. Remove terminal wire plug for compressor and
Noisy Compressor – Running measure winding resistance. If open, allow up
to 24 hours to reset, with power removed.
Check equipment for level installation. Disable outdoor
fan(s); observe compressor noise without fan(s) to be 4. Check for proper refrigerant charge.
sure noise is in the compressor. 5. Check for system restriction.
Compressor Serv 6

Check operating pressures per charts attached to the

Compressor Power Supply – All
equipment - (fans operating). Excessive pressures will
increase running noise. Supply voltage to air conditioning and heating equip-
ment should be measured at the load side of the
If noise is isolated to the compressor, change the com- contactor, relay or switch that supplies power to the
pressor. equipment – not at a main or auxiliary disconnect.
10664 9/21/98

Scroll Equipment should be operating at normal load condi-

All symptoms above plus 3 phase compressor, when tions, or attempting to start, when making voltage mea-
wired incorrectly, will run in reverse. Due to the inher- surements.

6
 Compressors

Supply voltage should be within 10% of the equipment 2. If capacitor has a discharge resistor connected
nameplate rating. Equipment is not generally limited to between terminals, disconnect resistor from one
10% of nameplate rating, but may require special con- terminal.
sideration or application limitations. Consult your local 3. Set ohmmeter to RX1000 or high scale.
Field Service Representative for limits.
4. Short meter leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero.
5. Observe meter scale and touch meter leads to
Scroll Power Interruptions
capacitor terminals.
Brief power interruption (less than 1⁄2 second) can result
6. Good Capacitor – Meter pointer will deflect upscale
in powered reverse rotation of single phase Alliance
toward zero ohms reading and slowly return down-
Scroll compressors. This occurs as a result of high
scale to infinity ohms reading.
pressure discharge gas expanding backward through
the scrolls at power interruption. This causes the scroll 7. Open Capacitor – Meter pointer does not move
to orbit in reverse rotation. If power is reapplied while from infinity ohms reading.
the reverse rotation is occurring, the compressor may 8. Shorted Capacitor – Meter pointer will indicate a
continue to run in reverse rotation until the internal pro- definite ohm reading less than infinity.
tector trips.
Run Capacitor(s)
The symptoms of reverse rotation are lack of pressure
differential and the compressor will be unusually noisy. Power Test – Continuous Duty Oil Filled
Capacitors
Once the internal protector trips and resets, the com-
pressor will start and run normally. CAUTION – DO NOT PERFORM THIS TEST ON START
CAPACITORS
Three Phase Power Supplies
Phase to phase voltages should be within 2.5% of the
average phase to phase voltage.
Example: Phase 1 = 485 Volts
Phase 2 = 477 Volts
Phase 3 = 487 Volts
Total = 1449 Volts
Average = 1449/3 = 483 Volts

Run Capacitor(s)
Ohmmeter Test – Continuous Duty Oil
Filled Capacitors
1. Connect capacitor to A.C. supply that does not ex-
ceed the capacitor voltage rating.
2. Measure and record the applied A.C. voltage.
3. Measure and record amp. Draw of the capacitor.
Amp. Draw X 2650
Compressor Serv 7

4. On 60 HZ MFD. =
Applied A.C. Volts
Amp. Draw X 3185
On 50 HZ MFD. =
Applied voltage
5. Example: Capacitor draws 3 amps at 230 volts.
(60HZ) Indicated capacitor value is 33 MFD.
10664 9/21/98

Calculated value should be within

1. Disconnect capacitor from power circuits.
10% of value stamped on capacitor.

7
Compressors

Metal-Cased Round Dual Capacitors Start Capacitor

Checking a Start Capacitor Using
M the Ohmmeter
C

HER

PANEL
COPPER TAB
SECTION

FA N

The round metal-cased dual capacitors with stamped

marking of “C”, “HERM” and “FAN” on the top surface
are generally used in an air conditioner in a conven-
tional circuit using “C” to “HERM” in the compressor
circuit with “C” to “FAN” in the fan motor circuit. The
fan portion of the capacitor is usually not larger than 15 1. Disconnect capacitor from power circuits.
MFD in capacity. 2. Set ohmmeter to RX10 or RX 100 scale.

Some of these capacitors may have much larger ratings 3. Short meter leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero.
on the terminal labeled “FAN” and are applied in the 4. Observe meter scale and touch meter leads to
Trickle circuit of the compressor to warm the compres- capacitor terminals
sor windings during the off cycle. The diagram illus- 5. Good Capacitor – Meter pointer will deflect upscale
trates this use. The capacitors may be rated 20/20 MFD toward zero ohms reading. Pointer will indicate
or 30/30 MFD instead of the more common 20/4 MFD, ohm value of the discharge resistor.
for example. The presence of a bleed resistor, when
6. Open Capacitor – Meter pointer will not swing up-
used, is an indication of the “HERM” portion of the ca-
scale near zero ohms reading. Pointer will indicate
pacitor. This resistor is there for your protection. Do
ohm value of the discharge resistor.
not remove it!
7. Shorted Capacitor – Pointer will indicate a definite
ohm reading between zero ohms and less than the
ohm value of the discharge resistor.

CAUTION – DO NOT PERFORM POWER TEST ON

MS-1
START CAPACITORS.

RD
Start Capacitor Relay
S C
OR BK/BL
BR/RD

R
CPR
IOL
MS-2 This relay may be mounted in any position. However,
OR

YL/BR BROWN

PURPLE C FAN
S
the relay is calibrated in the position shown. The pick
H F MOTOR

C
R up and drop out voltage will be slightly different when
BR/RD
BLACK

CAPACITOR
BL/WH mounted in other positions.
DFC
Start relay (RLY 1097) should be used as a replacement
Compressor Serv 8

for all American Standard single-phase reciprocating

compressors that require start components. Relays
with a different pick up voltage rating should not
be used.

Start relay (RLY 02227) must be used as a replacement

10664 9/21/98

for the Alliance Scroll Compressor.

8
 Compressors

Reciprocating (Part No. RLY 1097) Relay Contacts Checkout

Disconnect power to unit.
Remove wires from terminals #1 and #2.

Check for continuity between terminals #1 and #2. If

open circuit, replace relay. If closed circuit, check relay
visually.
Visual Checkout
If coil and contacts check out OK, remove relay cover
MAX. ST HOT (40°C) COLD DROP CONTINOUS
WINDING AMPS. VOLTAGE PICK UP PICK UP OUT COIL and visually inspect contacts and coil for signs of pitted
@ 230 V RATING VOLTS VOLTS VOLTS RATING (40°C)
or burned contacts and for burned or charred wiring. If
35 A 230 V 260 – 280 239 – 268 60 – 135 502
60 any of these are found, replace relay.
1 0

Motor Winding Ground Test

Reciprocating – Dual Compressor Model Units
(Part No. RLY 1869)
MAX. ST HOT (40°C) COLD DROP CONTINOUS
WINDING AMPS. VOLTAGE PICK UP PICK UP OUT COIL
@ 230 V RATING VOLTS VOLTS VOLTS RATING (40°C)

50 A 230 V 260 – 280 239 – 268 60 – 135 502

60
1 0

Mounting shown below.

1. Disconnect all electrical leads from compressor ter-

minals.
2. Set an ohmmeter to the highest scale (R X 10,000
or R X 100,000).
Scroll Compressor (Part No. RLY 0227)
3. Short meter leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero.
MAX. ST HOT (40°C) COLD DROP CONTINOUS
WINDING AMPS. VOLTAGE PICK UP PICK UP OUT COIL 4. Check from each compressor terminal to the com-
@ 230 V RATING VOLTS VOLTS VOLTS RATING (40°C)
pressor case or equipment ground. Be sure the
50 A 230 V 190 – 200 150 – 175 60 – 110 420
60 ohmmeter probe is touching a bare metal ground.
1 0

Mounting shown above. 5. Any definite resistance measurement of less than

50,000 ohms between any compressor terminal
and ground indicates a grounded motor.
Relay Coil Checkout
6. A grounded motor normally has operated at ex-
Compressor Serv 9

Disconnect power to unit.

tremely high temperatures prior to failure. It is ab-
Remove wires from terminals #2 and #5. solutely necessary to conduct an acid test on the
failed compressor oil before the replacement com-
Check for continuity between terminals #2 and #5.
pressor is installed.
If open circuit, replace relay. If closed circuit, check
contacts.
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9
Compressors

Motor Windings Continuity Test Motor Windings Continuity Test – All

Single Phase Compressors with Internal 3 Phase Compressors with Internal
Overload Protectors (I.O.L.) Overload Protectors (I.O.L.)

1. Disconnect all electrical leads from the compressor 1. Disconnect all electrical leads from the compressor
terminals. terminals.
2. Set an ohmmeter to the RX1 scale. Short meter 2. Set an ohmmeter to the RX1 Scale. Short meter
leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero. leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero.
3. Measure for continuity between the start and run 3. Measure for continuity between compressor termi-
terminals. nals. Resistance should be the same ohm value
(a) A continuity reading indicates that the motor between all terminals.
windings are intact. Proceed to step 4. 4. If continuity is measured between any two termi-
(b) An infinite reading indicates an open winding. nals and an infinite resistance (open) to the remain-
The compressor must be replaced. ing terminal, the motor is open and the compressor
must be replaced.
4. If continuity is measured between start and run ter-
minals, then measure between start and common, 5. If an open circuit is measured between all termi-
then measure between run and common. An infi- nals, the I.O.L. is tripped or open. Allow adequate
nite resistance (open) measurement between com- time for the I.O.L. to reset before condemning the
mon and both start and run terminals indicates a compressor. Up to two hours may be required if
tripped or open I.O.L. Allow adequate time for the compressor is extremely hot.
I.O.L. to reset before condemning the compressor. 6. Internal overload protectors are identified by I.O.L.
Up to two hours may be required if the compressor designation on the equipment wiring diagram.
is extremely hot.
5. Internal overload protectors are identified by I.O.L.
designation on the equipment wiring diagram. Compressor Serv 10
10664 9/21/98

10
 Compressors

Motor Windings Continuity Test – Motor Windings Continuity Test –

Reciprocating Reciprocating
Single Phase Compressors with Internal 3 Phase Compressors With Internal Pilot Duty
Pilot Duty Thermostats (T.M.) Thermostats (T.M.)

1. Disconnect all electrical leads from the compressor 1. Disconnect all electrical leads from the compressor
terminals. terminals.
2. Set an ohmmeter to the RX1 scale. Short meter 2. Set an ohmmeter to the RX1 scale. Short meter
leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero. leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero.
3. Measure for continuity between the common and 3. Measure for continuity between the upper three
start terminals. Measure for continuity between the compressor terminals.
common and run terminals. An infinite reading (a) An infinite (open) reading between any two
(open) between either common and start or com- terminals or all terminals indicated an open
mon and run indicates an open winding. The com- winding. Replace the compressor.
pressor must be replaced.
(b) 3 phase compressors with good windings
4. Measure for internal thermostat (T.M.) continuity should measure the same resistance between
between the two lower compressor terminals. T.M. terminals.
should read continuity (zero ohms). An infinite
4. Measure for internal thermostat (T.M.) continuity
reading (open) is measured across T.M.; the ther-
between the two lower compressor terminals. T.M.
mostat is tripped or open. Allow adequate time for
should measure continuity (zero ohms). An infinite
T.M. to reset before condemning the compressor.
(open) reading across T.M. indicates that T.M. is
Up to two hours may be required if the compressor
tripped or open. Allow adequate time for T.M. to
is extremely hot.
reset. Up to two hours may be required to T.M. to
5. Internal thermostats are identified by T.M. designa- reset if the compressor is extremely hot.
tion on the equipment wiring diagram.
5. Internal thermostats are identified by T.M. designa-
tion on the equipment wiring diagram.
Compressor Serv 11
10664 9/21/98

11
Compressors

Hi Pot Testing (b) If (MS) picks up but compressor does not run,
Scrolls de-energize immediately.
1. Check all terminals in power and control cir-
Alliance Scrolls are configured with the motor down
cuits. Repair loose connections and re-en-
and the pumping components at the top of the shell.
ergize (5 sec. Max.). If compressor fails to
As a result, the motor can be immersed in refrigerant
run, de-energize.
to a greater extent than the reciprocating compressor
when liquid refrigerant is in the shell. When the 2. Remove and isolate power leads at com-
Alliance Scroll compressors are hi pot tested with pressor. Energize and check 3 phase volt-
liquid refrigerant in the shell, higher levels of leaks age. If voltage is correct on all phases,
could be observed. The level of current leakage does compressor has internal problem and must
not represent any safety issues. Brief operation of be replaced.
the compressor will redistribute the refrigerant and 2. If compressor operates with jumper, check each
should give normal hi pot readings. component of solid state protection system for pos-
sible malfunction as follows:
Motor Windings Continuity Test – Transformer (MPT)
Reciprocating
(a) Primary side must be connected to line side of
3 Phase Compressors with Solid State Motor
Protection System (M.P.M.) contactor.
(b) Remove secondary leads (S, CT, S) from mod-
1. Disconnect electrical leads from compressor motor
ule and measure voltage between each X and
only (upper 3 terminals).
CT. The two voltages should be the same, ap-
2. Set an ohmmeter to the RX1 scale. Short meter proximately 12 volts. If not, MT is defective
leads and adjust ohmmeter to Zero. and must be replaced.
3. Check for continuity between the compressor ter-
minals.
(a) An infinite (open) reading between any two or
all compressor motor terminals indicates an
open winding. Replace the compressor.
(b) 3 phase compressor motors should read the
same resistance between all terminals.
4. If motor windings check good, proceed with motor
protection module system checkout described
below.

Motor Protection Module Test –

Sensors – Remove sensor leads (C, Sensor 1, Sensor 2)
Robert Shaw Type – Reciprocating
from module. Measure resistance between C and each
If compressor does not operate, proceed as follows: sensor using a battery powered volt-ohm meter.*
1. Jumper control circuit contacts and energize unit *WARNING: DO NOT USE A VOLT-OHM METER
for a maximum of five seconds.
Compressor Serv 12

WHICH APPLIES MORE THAN 3 V DC TO CHECK SEN-

SORS OR SENSOR FUSES. BOTH ARE EASILY DAM-
C
CONTROL

AGED AND NO ATTEMPT SHOULD BE MADE TO

CIRCUIT

S SEN 1 CHECK CONTINUITY BY ANY OTHER MEANS.

MPM CT
(a) Resistance should measure between 60 and
S SEN 2 150 ohms. If resistance is greater than 90
10664 9/21/98

(a) If contactor (MS) does not pick up, problem is ohms, motor is too hot to permit operation. Al-
in the controls external to compressor terminal low to cool until sensor resistance is less than
box. 90 ohms.

12
 Compressors

(b) If sensor resistance is greater than 150 ohms: If the compressor contactor fails to energize, jumper
1. Check sensor fuses. Spare fuses are taped terminals M1 and M2 of the module. Do not jumper for
in terminal box. Use only MKB 1/16 amp more than 5 seconds. If compressor contactor still fails
fuses. to energize, the problem is in the controls external to
the compressor terminal box. If the compressor
2. If fuses are okay, remove terminal block
contactor energizes when module terminals M1 and M2
from small terminal and check sensors ac-
are jumpered, check voltage at terminals T1 and T2 on
cording to diagram below. If either sensor
the module. Voltage should be between 21 and 30 volts
has a resistance greater than 150 ohms,
A.C.
compressor must be replaced.
If T1 and T2 voltage is present, disconnect the motor
Module (MPM) – If sensor fuses, sensors and trans- sensor leads from module terminals S and S1. Mea-
former are not defective, module must be replaced. sure resistance of the motor sensors with a battery
powered ohmmeter. Sensors will be damaged if ex-
Motor Protection Module Test – posed to high voltage. Resistance should be between
Texas Instrument Type – Reciprocating 2,000 and 45,000 ohms. If resistance is above 10,000
This compressor overload system consists of a solid ohms the motor is too hot to permit operation. Allow
state module located in the compressor terminal box motor to cool until sensor resistance is below 10,500
and solid state sensors buried in the compressor motor ohms before operating the compressor.
windings. If sensor resistance is above 45,000 ohms sensors are
The sensors are connected to the two small terminals damaged and the compressor must be replaced.
located at the lower part of the compressor terminal If sensor resistance and supply voltage are correct and
box. the motor contactor will not energize, the module is de-
If the sensors in the motor windings sense a motor fective.
temperature that is too high for safe motor operation, Compressor motor overheating can be caused by:
they will cause the electronic protection module to
open a normally closed switch circuit between terminal (a) Shorted or grounded motor windings
M1 and M2 of the module. When this switch circuit (b) Defective run capacitors
opens, power to the compressor motor starter coil is (c) Defective start capacitors or start relay
interrupted, de-energizing the motor starter.
(d) Low line voltage
(e) Low refrigerant charge
Terminal Location –
Protection Module (f) Dirty condenser or excessive head pressure
due to refrigerant overcharge.

Checking Electrical Circuits – All

Checking compressor electrical circuits requires the use
of the equipment wiring diagram to locate and trouble-
shoot components in the circuits.
Wiring diagrams are attached to control box covers or
Compressor Serv 13

power panel covers on all equipment.

The wiring diagram shows physical location of compo-
nents, terminal connections, and physical wiring layout.

The schematic portion of the diagram shows electrical

connections to components necessary to operate each
10664 9/21/98

electrical circuit in the system.

13
Compressors

When a component fails to operate, the schematic ined to determine whether a system fault contributed to
should be used to identify all other components that the compressor failure, and may cause the replacement
complete the circuit. The wiring diagram should be compressor to fail.
used to physically locate the components.
Wire color codes are shown on wiring diagrams and Crankcase Heat – Scroll
schematics to assist in circuit tracing. Due to the Alliance Scroll’s inherent ability to handle
liquid refrigerant in flooded conditions, crankcase heat
The wiring diagram identifies compressor terminals
is only used in high system charge and other unique
and internal overload protector terminals.
situations.
Before condemning a compressor for internal electrical
failure, measure resistance between all terminals and Trickle Circuits – Used on
measure each terminal to ground. Reciprocating Only
The trickle circuit serves the same purpose as a crank-
Important Start Up Procedure – case heater, preventing accumulation of refrigerant in
Reciprocating the compressor crankcase during the compressor off
The procedure listed below should be followed at initial cycle.
start-up and at any time the power has been removed
The trickle circuit permits a small amount of current to
for 12 hours or more.
flow through the compressor run capacitor and the
To prevent compressor damage which may result from compressor start winding when the compressor
the presence of liquid refrigerant in the crankcase: contactor is de-energized. The contactor interrupts
1. Make certain the room thermostat is on “off” posi- power to the compressor run winding.
tion. (The compressor is not to operate.) The capacitor used in the trickle circuit has a resistor
2. Apply power by closing the system disconnect connected across its terminals. The only purpose of the
switch. This energizes the compressor heater resistor is to serve as a capacitor discharge path when
which evaporates the liquid refrigerant in the crank- power to the unit is turned off.
case. Allow 30 minutes for each pound of refriger-
ant in the system as noted on the unit nameplate.
3. After proper elapsed time, the thermostat may be
set to operate the compressor.
4. Except as required for safety while servicing – DO
NOT OPEN SYSTEM DISCONNECT SWITCH.

Crankcase Heat – Reciprocating

A major cause for stuck bearings is failure of the com-
pressor crankcase heater. Without a crankcase heater
in operation, liquid refrigerant will accumulate in the
crankcase, reducing the lubricating qualities of the oil
by dilution and cause the oil to foam and leave the
Compressor Serv 14

compressor at start-up. The crankcase heater should

always be checked when replacing a compressor.
Replacement capacitors in units utilizing trickle circuits
Compressor mechanical failures are caused by broken must be the same microfarad rating or circuit malfunc-
valves, stuck bearings, broken springs or broken inter- tion may occur. Nuisance tripping of compressor over-
nal tubing. Each type of failure can usually be attrib- load protectors is likely.
uted to specific system faults that caused the failure.
10664 9/21/98

When a compressor fails, the system should be exam-

14
 Compressors

Only factory supplied start kits should be used with Compressor Replacement Procedure
trickle circuit units. Field wired start kits might cause If the following replacement procedure is performed,
start circuit malfunctions. step by step, minimum time will be required for
change-out:
1. Recover Refrigerant charge using an approved re-
covery system.
NOTE: SCROLL ONLY
If the refrigerant charge is removed from the high
side only, it is possible for the scrolls to seal pre-
venting pressure equalization through the com-
pressor. This may leave the low side shell and
suction line tubing pressurized. To prevent this oc-
currence, remove refrigerant from both high and
low sides of the unit.
2. While charge is being recovered, remove panels
and components necessary for compressor access.
Trickle Circuit Test Remove compressor cover (if used) and compres-
Turn the unit off at the room thermostat. Leave power sor hold down bolts. Remove wiring from com-
supply to outdoor unit energized. pressor terminals. Uncrate replacement
compressor. Set up and start vacuum pump on self
Connect a clamp on ammeter to one of the lines sup-
pull down. Check indoor unit air filters.
plying the outdoor unit. The ammeter should indicate 2
3. When high and low side pressures reach 0 psig,
to 4 amps with the outdoor unit off.
loosen compressor rotolock fittings. Remove the
The current draw of the trickle circuit is not indicative of failed compressor from the equipment. Take oil
power consumed or dissipated by the circuit. Actual sample from failed compressor and perform acid
power consumed by the circuit is 45 to 65 watts. test. Install rotolock caps from replacement com-
CAUTION – Always disconnect power to the unit before pressor on failed compressor. Remove existing
removing unit power panel covers. The compressor liquid line drier(s). Replace with new drier(s). Set
contactor on trickle circuit units interrupts only one line replacement compressor in place. Tighten roto-
from the power supply. locks. Install permanent suction line drier if acid
test indicates acid system. Connect vacuum pump
If trickle circuit units nuisance-trip compressor internal to equipment and begin evacuation.
motor protector during the off cycle, check the micro-
4. While evacuating system, install compressor hold
farad rating of the trickle capacitor against proper rating
down bolts. Connect wiring to compressor termi-
shown on the unit wiring diagram. The microfarad rat-
nals. Replace compressor cover (if used). Replace
ing shown on the wiring diagram must be used. Check
components and panels removed for compressor
for mis-wiring if field wired start kit has been installed.
access. Pack failed compressor in replacement
compressor shipping box. Locate charging chart
attached to equipment.
Compressor Serv 15

5. When acceptable vacuum is reached, shut off

MS-1
charging manifold valves. Do not apply power to
compressor under vacuum. Damage could occur.
Remove vacuum pump. Connect the center mani-
CR-A fold hose to a charging cylinder. Purge the hose
S C
BR/RD
H C
OR BK/BL with refrigerant. Open the high side manifold valve
10664 9/21/98

CPR IOL
CR-B R MS-2
RD
F
RD and charge liquid refrigerant into the high side. Do
BR/RD

BROWN S
not charge liquid into the low side. Leave low side
FAN
CF MOTOR
PURPLE C R BLACK

15
Compressors

manifold valve closed. Permit liquid refrigerant to Oil Samples

charge into the high side for 2 to 3 minutes. Close
Oil is a scavenger for acids. If acids are present in the
the high side manifold valve. Allow time for high
system, they can be detected by testing the compressor
and low side gauges to indicate equalized pressure.
oil.
Start the equipment and observe pressure readings
for proper system operation; balance the refriger- CAUTION – Highly acid oil can cause chemical burns to
ant charge by charging refrigerant vapor into the eyes and skin.
system low side. Do not charge liquid into the low Obtain an oil sample from the suction port of the failed
side – compressor damage will result. compressor.
6. Use the correct charge balancing method for the
Use a clean glass or plastic container for the oil sample.
type flow control used in the system.
If the oil sample is badly discolored or contains solid
Acid Formation in Compressors particles, clean up the system without further tests.
Acids in hermetic refrigera- Conduct acid test on oil immediately upon removal
tion systems are formed from the compressor. Acids may be neutralized by
when refrigerant is exposed chemical reaction with the container (including glass
to high temperature and containers).
moisture.
All refrigerant systems con- Acid Test Kits
tain small amounts of mois- Acid Test Kit (KIT 1021) is a one-time-use kit for con-
ture, since refrigerant cannot ducting a single test.
be manufactured totally
moisture-free. The kit contains explicit instructions and precautions for
conducting the acid test.
The purpose of refrigerant
driers is to trap and hold If the test indicates excessive acid, a permanent suction
normal amounts of moisture line drier must be installed.
in the system. Reciprocating Also add Acid Away (CHM0077) per
The most common cause of the package instructions.
excessive acid build-up is If the test indicated a safe acid level, it is not necessary
the introduction of moisture or recommended to install a permanent suction line
in the system when the sys- drier.
tem is opened for service
A new liquid line drier should always be installed when
and proper evacuation is not
replacing a compressor or refrigerant system compo-
done.
nent.
A shorted or grounded hermetic compressor motor that
results in a motor burnout causes the most severe acid Liquid Line Driers
condition. Extremely high motor temperature during
the burnout results in excessive acid build-up in the Liquid line driers are vitally important to the life expect-
system. The severity of the acid build-up depends ancy of air conditioning equipment. Their purpose is to
Compressor Serv 16

upon the length of time that refrigerant is exposed to remove moisture and neutralize acid build-up in the re-
the high temperature conditions before motor failure frigerant system.
occurs. Liquid line driers should be replaced if the refrigerant
Excessive acids must be detected and removed from charge is lost due to leaks, when a compressor is re-
the system when compressor is replaced or the re- placed, or when the refrigerant must be recovered for
repairs.
10664 9/21/98

placement compressor will fail prematurely when ex-

posed to the acid system.

16
 Compressors

Liquid line driers should never be oversized, since sys- Recovering the Charge
tem refrigerant charge will be increased to accommo- Connect the charging manifold center fitting to a hose
date the drier. Excessive refrigerant charge can cause or pipe that is attached to a certified recovery device.
compressor liquid slugging at start-up. Follow the instructions for the device you are using to
Heat pump equipment may contain one or two liquid recover and store the refrigerant.
line driers. A check valve arrangement ensures that liq-
uid flow through the driers is in the same direction re- Evacuation
gardless of flow direction in the liquid line.
1. Proper evacuation of a refrigerant system after
Replacement driers in heat pump equipment must be compressor replacement, leak repair or any other
located in the same physical location as the original reason for recovering the refrigerant is absolutely
equipment drier. necessary if the system is expected to maintain a
long life expectancy with good reliability.
Do not use commercially available 2-way driers adver-
tised for use in the liquid line outside the heat pump 2. Purging a system with refrigerant is not adequate
equipment cabinet. to maintain good reliability and not permitted.
3. Replacement of liquid line driers after compressor
Replacement driers in straight cooling equipment may
replacement or leak repair is imperative for good
be installed in the liquid line outside the equipment
reliability.
cabinet only if the existing defective drier is removed
from the refrigerant circuit and replaced by refrigerant 4. The presence of air, moisture or other foreign mate-
pipe. rials in a refrigerant system will result in poor sys-
tem performance and reduced life expectancy.
Note the flow direction arrow or “in” — “out” marking
5. High vacuum measurements require the use of a
on the original equipment driers. Replacement drier(s)
vacuum micron gauge. Manifold pressure gauges
must be installed in the same flow direction.
are not capable of measuring high vacuum.

Suction Line Driers Evacuation Procedure

The suction line drier must be installed in any system The purpose of evacuating a refrigerant system is to re-
that has been established as a “burn-out.” move moisture and foreign gases from the system.
The suction line drier must be permanently installed in Moisture in an operating refrigerant system chemically
the suction line as near to the compressor as is pos- combines with refrigerants, forming acids that damage
sible. or destroy refrigerant system components, particularly
On heat pump units, the suction line drier must be in- hermetic compressor motors.
stalled between the switchover valve and compressor. Foreign gases such as air, hydrogen or nitrogen in the
refrigerant system are non-condensable at operating
Discharging Refrigerant Systems pressures and will cause elevated head pressures and
Refrigerant should never be discharged into the atmo- erratic operation of flow controls.
sphere. Proper recovery techniques must be followed To adequately evacuate a system, a high vacuum pump
in all service procedures. capable of 50 micron pull down is required. (Robinair
No. 15001, 15021 or equiv.). To properly measure a
Compressor Serv 17

Refrigerant may contain acids harmful to eyes, skin,

clothing, pets, shrubs, and flowers and has been high vacuum, a thermocouple vacuum gauge is re-
proven harmful to the ozone layer. quired. (Robinair No. 14010 or equiv.). Manifold
gauges are not adequate for high vacuum measure-
Always wear protective clothing, glasses or face mask ments.
when recovering refrigerant.
10664 9/21/98

17
Compressors

Charging manifold used for evacuation must be in CAUTION – Close vacuum pump shut-off valve and
good condition. Hoses must be leak-proof and no manifold valves before stopping the vacuum pump, or
longer than 48 inches. Long hoses with small internal oil from the pump may flow back into the refrigerant
diameter will not permit adequate vacuum pull down. system, unless an oil trap is used.
Remove the manifold center hose from the vacuum
pump and connect the hose to a refrigerant cylinder.
Loosen the center hose fitting at the manifold end and
purge the hose with refrigerant. Release only the
amount of charge necessary to purge the hose. Charge
system with refrigerant.

Refrigerant System Leaks

Equipment Necessary for Leak Testing
Electronic type leak detectors

Halide torch leak detector

Soap solution

Connect a charging manifold to the pressure taps lo- NOTE: Since both florescent leak detectors and dyes
cated on the equipment cabinet, refrigerant lines or ser- are considered additives to the refrigerant and oils, they
vice valve ports. are not recommended for use.

Install a shut-off valve at the vacuum pump inlet. To Check for Leaks
Connect a thermocouple vacuum gauge at the shut-off Connect a pressure gauge to the low side Schrader
valve outlet side with a tee that permits the gauge to valve on unit cabinet, or pressure taps on refrigerant
measure system pressure with the shut-off valve lines.
closed. If the gauge registers a positive pressure, proceed with
Connect the manifold center hose to the tee. the test.

Close the vacuum pump shut-off valve. If the gauge indicates the system is out of refrigerant,
add sufficient charge to pressurize the system, then
Fully open the manifold valves. proceed with the test.
Start the vacuum pump. Permit pump to pull down for Using an electronic leak detector (follow the directions
a few minutes before opening the shut-off valve. furnished with the detector), check all joints, pressure
Slowly open the shut-off valve. Rapid evacuation starts switch capillaries, etc., for leaks, or:
may foam the compressor oil or vacuum pump oil. Using soap solution, dab solution on joints, etc., – tell-
Evacuate until the vacuum gauge indicates 350 microns tale bubbles pinpoint the leak.
or less. When using Refrigerant 22, you may also use a halide
Compressor Serv 18

Close the shut-off valve for one minute. If system pres- torch. Check all joints, etc. A leak will show up as a
sure does not increase to more than 500 microns in one change in the torch flame – a green flame indicates a
minute, evacuation is adequate. small leak – a rising brilliant blue flame indicates larger
leak. Remember the alternative refrigerants, such as
If system pressure increases to 500 microns in less than
R410A, will not cause an indication with a halide torch,
one minute, continue evacuation.
as they do not contain chlorine.
10664 9/21/98

Continue evacuation until system pressure rise from

350 to 500 microns takes one minute or longer.

18
 Compressors

Dry nitrogen may be used to pressurize the system in 7. After system charging has been completed, check
locating small leaks. Do not pressurize the system head and suction pressures. Compare pressures to
above 300 psig. Rupture of system components can re- “normal operating characteristics” charts attached
sult. to the equipment.
Never pressurize a refrigerant system with compressed 8. COOLING EQUIPMENT – Check thermostat for:
oxygen. Oil and oxygen under pressure will explode. (a) Fan only operation
(b) Cooling operation
System Checkout After Leak Repair or 9. HEAT PUMP EQUIPMENT – Check thermostat for:
Compressor Replacement
(a) Fan only operation
1. Evacuate the system to the pressure outlined under
(b) Cooling operation
evacuation procedures.
(c) Heating first stage (heat pump only)
2. Pressurize the system with Refrigerant vapor.
(d) Heating second stage (heat pump plus resis-
3. Leak check repaired joints, rotolock couplings,
tance heat)
quick attach couplings, etc.
(e) Emergency Heat – Resistance heaters only
4. Check air filters, fans, blower wheels, and coil sur-
faces for cleanliness prior to system charging. Notes of Interest
5. Check air registers and grilles to be sure that they
1. Bleed Resistor is always across CR-A.
are open and unobstructed.
2. Normally the “Fan” Terminal (if it is actually for fan)
6. Start the equipment and charge with refrigerant per
will not exceed 15 MFD.
the charging instructions attached to the equip-
ment. An accurate refrigerant charge is an absolute 3. Normally the “Fan” Rating will be lowest MFD.
must for good system reliability and efficient opera- 4. There are capacitors rated at 20/20 and 30/30 MFD.
tion.

Compressor Servicing Notes to Remember:

Compressor Serv 19
10664 9/21/98

19
Compressors

Quick Troubleshooting List

(DETAILS IN PROCEDURE)

COMPRESSOR WON’T RUN — CONTACTOR CLOSED

Possible Causes: Confirmation Of Cause:

1. Open I.O.L. ............................................................................ Check resistance C to S and C to R

Allow compr. to cool and re-test
2. Open Windings .................................................................... Check resistance Start to Run

3. Grounded Compressor ........................................................ Check resistance of terminals to ground

4. Locked Rotor (stuck) ............................................................ Voltage Present @ C to S and C to R Locked
Rotor Amps on C
(Start capacitor may be required for starting)
5. Defective Run Capacitor/St. Cap. ........................................ Check with Ohmmeter
6. Open Start Leg Fuse ............................................................ Check for continuity

7. Shorted Windings ................................................................ Compare winding resistance to valves from

Service Manual

COMPRESSOR RUNS BUT TRIPS I.O.L.

Possible Causes: Confirmation Of Cause:

1. Insufficient Refrigerant ........................................................ Compare System press to Performance

Charge/Restriction Charts

2. Defective Run Cap./St. Cap .................................................. Check with Ohmmeter

3. Defective Start Relay ........................................................... Current on St. Cap should drop off within 5 sec.

COMPRESSOR RUNS BUT DOESN’T PUMP

Possible Causes: Confirmation Of Cause:
Compressor Serv 20

1. Compr. Valves Defective ...................................................... Little or no difference between head and suction
2. Internal Mechanical Failure ................................................. Suction press rises sharply during off cycle

3. SOV not seated .................................................................... Check temp rise of suction line across SOV
10664 9/21/98

20
S e c t i o n 6 0 8 , p a r a g r a p h C o f t h e C l e a n A i r A c t o f 19 9 0
states:
E ff e c t i v e Ju l y 1 , 19 9 2 , i t s h a l l b e u n l a w f u l f o r a ny p e r s o n , i n t h e c o u r s e o f m a i n t a i n i n g ,
servicing, repairing, or disposing of an air conditioning system, to knowingly vent or release
a ny C F C o r H C F C r e f r i g e r a n t . M i n i m a l r e l e a s e s ( a i r p u r g e s o r r e f r i g e r a n t h o s e s ) a s s o c i a t e d
w i t h g o o d f a i t h a tt e m p t s t o r e c a p t u r e o r r e c y c l e a r e e x e m p t f r o m t h e b a n o n v e n t i n g .

T h e C l e a n A i r A c t h a s p r ov i s i o n s f o r s i g n i f i c a n t f i n e s a n d / o r i m p r i s o n m e n t f o r
n o n - c o m p l i a n c e . T h e s e f i n e s c o u l d r a n g e f r o m $ 5 , 0 0 0 t o $ 2 5 , 0 0 0 p e r d a y.

Note:This publication is general in nature and is intended for

INSTRUCTIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. It is not to be used for
equipment selection, application, installation, or specific
service procedures.

Literature Order Number

P.O. Box 9010 File No. 34-4012-03 4/06
Tyler TX 75711-9010 Supersedes Pub. No. 34-4012-02 4/01
http://www.trane.com Stocking location PI

Since Trane has a policy of continuous product improvement, it reserves the right to change design and
A Business of American Standard specifications without notice.
Companies. © 2006 American Standard All rights reserved