AUS Attar) Book 14Preface _ “The American Language Course (ALC) i a comprehensive, mulllevel language program for tesching Fats for vocational and professional purposes tis designed primarily for smtensve English language Tring na classroom sling, bl ca easily be adapted for slower-paced instruction, The AL's curiclum ses Moveloped by the Defen: Language Institute English Language Center (DLIBLC), which sa US ‘Department of Defense seo! under te operational control ofthe US Ait Fore. The primary foeas of he IAL isto provide language cuneulum fora diverse international miitary population. To that end the vise inclades not only genera English topics, ba also military topics ofa general nature highlighting the ‘ica langue military personne wll encounter i ther profesional and voeational carer fields, The ALC Pe Noweveafsa een very successfully sed in non-military lating environments and in US high schools ‘wth migrant stent population. Course components “The coordinated instuctional packages fr Books 1-30 consist of the following > Insiwctor text) > Student ext (ST) > Language laboratory activitis text with audio serips and answer key (LAT) > Audio recordings > Computer bused tsining (CBT) > Quizkit > Optional sining aids Inquiries and orders please address inguties andl requests for more information about LIELC publications to LIELOLESL 35 Andes vente STVSA Lackland, Tuas 78236-5259 Erma distlesboork usaf it ‘©2006 by Defense Language Istitue English Language Center and is Tcensrs, Notice of Rights: AI sights feserved. No pat ofthis book ay be rprovced or transite in any form or by any means, elcionic, ‘Rechanial, photocopying, recording, or oferwise, without the prior writen permission of the publisher ‘Secon Ein, June 2006 Eighth printing, January 2014 BOOK 1 PREFACEALC Book 14: Scope & Sequence, Lessons 1 ~§ Ranks ard nigne Regular & regular plural Usten& selec pe vitaycarer” | Stpanhe | cbutrous > Liston Select main idea spprtaies | ertcaton | susrtorrcen past & aon | Usten & clot ae Minos & | Serco | errimadate ue” Raga cotet pe Insta Rapedmitay | {mexico > Fecg& wea summary ao * Read & ie an oa 4s athoraov + asia |” Sanna preas(rjequaly |, Timed reading (1 mint >it rasta ae Bo” mein (taint) & Future progressive tenso_| » Compete a paraphrase > Won be laaving 2000, Z| Fem anararces|- Akio 8 gre Mio ol dogs] = man Evans Fame aranenes | seutoioret | “exienoh ater, |= tena Soe RE nou Paces rea 90 tomb wey | isonet > Growing Ctsuses win when & won| ee set tons aren epi tHaauss te presanior | = Complete paeprase tare may elas rnd ps rash | Famer aay > | a opud used esata [> Unon& wie ops your deatzions | shjectot poposton | User ewe en about the » Swimming is fun. Liston & werite tithe reir, | fo [een | usen e = iy ite cwstrttor | oa te pe Asuprce eguton x wobbity | Time reaig tint) 8 bite py Face; | anaers qmstorn > Aner th + Compote a prapase ere Not even rosy itor necessin, Prohibit acon Ereonason gare reno 4 | Fecaton monies |-Ascaion, | Oops vna seven = Umon a wio nan ow ; Gay repo stn & wt te Ttngine "| retamaone | aponedspocn win at” ten Sri ie Urge, | sbotansan” |"ertoens roam wit > Usa Internet to plan ‘be going to, must, have | words tne Regorg te mest hv |, Read & wie ope hing Sento "feed we unary Compare aves | Read gre enor! echeran ween, |” Sur Smperate reo test & be wos 5 | review ‘Lesson 5 reviows all vcabulry & structures introduced in ss0ne 1-4 "RIERA LANGLAGE COURSENotes to the Student _ ‘The Amorican Language Course focuses on four components of language learning: vocabulary, grammatical structures, language funetions, and skills. «* The lessons present voeabulary (individual words as well as expressions) that the Tearner needs to understand and use in order to communicate effectively in English. Each new lesson builds on the vocabulary of the previous lessons. The language jneluded is appropriate for learners working in professional and vocational contexts. [A significant feature of the General English phase of the ALC is that military ‘yoeabulary is included wherever applicable. + ‘The presentation of grammar is earefully sequenced. The grammatical structures prosonted in the lessons are the forms a language learner needs in order to speak ere} write standard English. New grammar is often depicted in charts or tables that ave to forus the learner's attention on the particular structure being presented. + Language functions are the ways we use a language to communicate, In each lesson, ‘cxureises that focus on fanetions show the learner how and when to use certain ‘words, phrases, and sentences. «© Tnaddition, language end academic skills exercises are interspersed throughout the essons, These focus on developing the learner’s language proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. ‘The Scope and Sequence chart located on the previous page shows the content of the aanrent book. The four columns outline the new material as it relates to the language Gequisition eoutponents deacribod above. Bach lesson begins with a table of contents {allowed by a preview page. The preview page provides @ summary of the new material prosonted in the lesson, Each ALC book has four lessons introducing new: materia! pet one review lesson. TFese are followed by a homework section and daily evaluation exercises, Various appenices are also included. ‘The homework and the evaluation exercises are at the back of this text. It generally takes about two hours to complete the daily homework assignments. The evaluation LaSreises are short quizzes that give both the teacher and the student feedback on how ‘well students have learned the material. ‘The appendices follow the filth lesson. Appendix A provides an alphabetical list of naw toeabulery precental in this book. The number of the lesson in which each word br phrase is introduced is provided next to the entry. Appendix B presents Tit of fgrammatical structures introduced in the book; a lesson number is provided along with Brah entry for easy reference, The other appendices are included as reference materials. ‘BOOK FRERCE~ USER NoTES ~ ERIGAN LANGUAGE COURSEBook 14 _ a Contents LESSON 1: US Miltary ranks and insignia \ LESSON 2 arms and ranches 35 LESSON 9: Happy bitday to you! LESSON 4: A vacation promise % LESSON 5: Review ng APPENDICES: As Word List MM Br Structure List BH +The English Alphabet el D:_ American Enis Sounds Da List of Contractions El Fs. Speling Rules for Regular Past Tense Verbs FA G:_ Principal Pars of Some Imegular Verbs on He Patter of repuar Verbs me Pnctation and Capitalization 1 Lesson Resources HM BIMLT#L Listening sil Listening text) 8 ISLA #2 Writing kil Paraphrase) 4 BBLALI #3 Reading skill (Timed reading) i BI4k2#1 Writing skill Paraphase) 39 BBLAL3 #1 Reading skill (Timed eading) sll BISL3 #2 Writing skill Paraptiase) 13 BLSLAAL Listening kil Listening ext) Hs K:_ US Miliary Ranks, Grades, and Insignia KI HOMEWORK: wwe EVALUATION EXERCISES: FET-USER NOTES ~ ~RVERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEUS Military ranks and insignia VOCABULARY: GRAMMAR: READING: VOCABULARY: DIALOGS: GRAMMAR: LISTENING: READING: GRAMMAR: wamTine: READING: GRAMMAR: Career opportunities in the armed forces ‘Thinking about enlisting in the military. US Military ranks and insignia Future progressive: will + BE + verb-ing dentifying the topic. US Offirer ranks and grades (O-1 to 0-6) . . US Enlisted ranks and grades (B-1 to B-6) Asking for and reporting military identification Using as + adjective + as to express equality Using as + adverb + as to express equality . Identifying the topic, main idea, and title Writing summaries ‘Summarizing a text orally Using just and soon Working with paraphrases Reading faster for better comprehension A review of plural nouns . u 4 18 20 23 29 a1 33 38ALL VOCABULARY Nouns Verbs Navy ranks: armed forces assign captain assignment be assigned ‘commander bar be promoted ensign, chance be stationed lieutenant duty be up for lieutenant commander follow-on training (FOT) enlist lieutenant junior grade force promote petty officer grade serve seaman insignia station seaman apprentice Marine Corps train seaman recruit opportunity, personnel Other Other military ranks promotion advanced airman basic reeruit basie airman first class retirement enlisted ‘corporal servieo retired lance corporal station noncommissioned officer ‘training Military pay grades «coy E1-EG private 01-06 private first class specialist staff sergeant technical sergeant GRAMMAR STRUCTURES LANGUAGE FUNCTION We have two cars and two children. ‘Ask about and report the identification of eopl by namo and itary rank Thave just finished studying, poorer will go home soon, Teed your full name and rank. My name is Greg Miller, and Pm a Matt is now as tall as his father: lieutenant in the Navy. We will be leaving tomorrew morning. ‘This is Lieutenant, ~~ RVERICAN ANGINGE COURSEWSIANIELN gS Career opportunities WHAT CAN THE MILITARY OFFER YOU? GREAT CAREER OPPORTUNITIES AND MORE! 3K The chance to be stationed in the US or other countries around the world By in the armed forces | 3K Money to pay for your education and time to study for a higher degree 3K Opportunities for promotion that 3K Guaranteed training in a career Re push you to do your best field of your choice in the armed forces 3X Medical insurance for all personnel and their families 3K A chance for retirement which leaves you enough time for a second career 2K Interesting assigrments, excellent training, and important duties iRead the ad on the previous pat —— 1. Aperson who chooses a military career will have many opportunities, —— 2 Anilitary caer gives you a chance to have interesting assignments —— 3 Military personnel usually live in only one place and do not travel ——— 4 You will have taining in courses that will help you finish high school —— 5. You can be stationed in many places in the world —— & Inthe military, thore is almost no chance for a promotion, —— 1 The people in the military have a medical insurance plan —— 8. Military perscnnel never get a chance for retirement, —— 9 Medical insurance will pay fr @ house for you and your family 10. Military personnel often have time to start a second career afer they retire from the military. REESE sich coh vocabulary item with its meaning.) 1. opportunity a, instruction to learn how to do a job 2. armed forces _b. work someone asks you to do or complete 8. training © people who work forthe military or a company —— 4. duties 4. a chance todo oF see something ~—— 5 retirement e, a move up to: moro important job or higher rank —— & promotion {the different things a worker must do on the job —— 7. personnel ga country’s military —— & assignment bh. the time after a person has stopped working in a certain career "MERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEA ofr-1 ABEND Jim: Alex: sim: Alex: Sima: Alex: inking about enlisting in the military Did you see the ad in the newspaper about opportunities in the military? Yes, I read it this morning. I think I'm going to enlist. ‘Which of the services are you thinking of? Ta like to join ths Marine Corps, but I don't know what my dad will say. You see, ie was in the air foree, and he's a retired noncommissioned officer. He went into retirement two years ago after he served 20 years. I know he'd like me to join the air foree. Ob, I see. Let me tell you about my dad’s military career. He was a reeruit at age 17 ‘and went through basic training to become an airman, The commanders selected my dad 2ach time he was up for promotion, so he was able to ‘move through the ranks. About 10 years ago, he was stationed at Miller Air Force Base near here, I was about eight years old then. My dad was promoted to steff sorgeant soon after we arrived. With that rank, he became an NCO His duty station was at the loeal base, and we moved into town so I could go to school. Two years ago, my dad retired with the rank of master sergeant, He had a great eareer and appreciated the opportunities the military gave him. HESEREISSEN Work win a pariner. Write sentences to answer the questions. 1, What's Alex thinking about doing? 2. Inw hich of the armed forces does Alex want to enlist? 8, Did any of Alex's relatives serve in the armed forces? 4, How long was Alex’s fither in the service? 5. How did Alex's dad become a noncommissioned officer? aa[EEGEESGEEN] Read the conversation and answer the questions you hear. Jim: Did you ever live in Germany or Japan during your dad’s military career? Alex: Both. He was assigned to several bases in the US, too. He says his service was always interesting because he was able to change career fields a few times. Bach time he changed, they stationed him in the US. again and assigned him to a follow-on training base. They trained Jhim W do new hinge well, He also Wook university classes in his free ie and got ar. advanced degree in computer science. The military paid for all of his education. I know the air foree was good for my dad, ‘but Td like to go into a different service. Pa like to be a Marine. Jim: | Why's that? Alex: Because the Marine Corps is a special foree. It's one of the smallest of the military forces. They don’t aceept everybody who wants to join. ‘They give you great training. Also, Marines always arrive first in places that have problems. They get the most exciting assignments. Jim: Are you sure you should go into the military right out of high school? ‘They don’t promote enlisted servicemen to officer ranks. Officers need a college degree, Ifyou study first, you'll have a better chance to be an officer, Alex: ‘That's a good idea. I'll think about it. BEERS Write the verb that is used to make the nou NouN VERB NOUN VERB 4. assignment cee 2. promotion —_ 5. retirement, 3. service 6. education (EEEEEEGEE Ask your partner these questions. Then report to the class. ‘What's your rank, and when did you join the service? Where did you do your basic training or officer training? ‘Tell me about your follow-on training. Have you been promoted in the past year or are you up for a promotion soon? Have you taken advanced military or university classes? What were they about? Have you ever been assigned to work outside of your own country? ST TANGLE COURSEWedel ANELa | US Military ranks and insignia | ‘The US military is made up of several different armed forces. In this lesson, you will learn about the insignia of military grades that personnel in the US ‘Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps wear on their ‘uniforms, Later in this lesson, youl see insignia for the officer grades 0-1 to 0-6 and for the enlisted grades E-L to E66, You'll see the higher grades in a later ALC book. ‘The insignia that soldiers, airmen, sailors, marines, and officers wear on their uniforms is made of metal or cloth and is an identification of rank. Officer insignia can be stars®, bars, leaves, r birds. The insignia of enlisted personnel usually has one or more stripes, These stripes ray be in the shape of the letter V—a shape called a chevron, Officers and erlisted have several different ‘uniforms, and they wea: their insignia in different places on them. Uniforms may have insignia on the ‘collar, shoulder boards, sleeves, oF on a cap, hat, or beret. ‘The insignia on military uniforms allows people to quickly see which persan has a higher rank and who ‘may give orders, ‘The military grade with its letter and number allows people to compare ranks between the different military services. Military personnel can't know everyone they see in the field, at follow- ‘on training (FOT) bases, military academies, and universities, so the insignia tells servicemen and ‘women how to politely greet other military personnel and how to correetly address them by rank. * Stars are insignia for gneral officer ranks O-7 through 0-10.Crono ‘this tense deseribes plans that will be in length of time 2 you be doing? Archi tine on y - PS x (Saturday, 12 be driving \ yD — os What = qs g (( Til be studying for > Present: Future v 2 p.m. Friday 2pm. Saturday ey ree At2 pm, Tl be driving to Houston, At2 pm, Til be studying English the futsre, Repeat the dialogs after the instructor. Will the colonel be speaking tonight? Yes, he will. :Telll be speaking for two hours, Will Paul be enlisting in the navy after graduation? No, he won't, He'll be enlisting in the army after graduation. :: When will you be studying tonight? Tl be studying from 6 to 7 p.m. ‘Where will you and Ann be going on vacation this summer? Well be going to England. What will your son be doing next month? He'll be preparing to go to college. \ iy English exam.) progress at a certain time or during a eewill (not) | _be studying [i wit] wei | gu | [rtm [cece | | sentences. BETES Answer tne questions with ature progres Number 118 an example. | ~_dohrie Schedule {00 am. ~ walk to school g + start math class + = eat lunch > = exercise at the aym = study at the library . = eat dinner with parents 1, Will John be eating dinner at 12:30 p.m.? _No, he won't. Hell be eating lunch, / Hel he eating dinner at 7 pm. _ 2, Will John be walking to school at 9:00 a.m.? 3, When will John beexereising at the gym? 4, Where will John be studying at 4:80 pam.? 5, What will John be doing at 11:00 a.m? 6. Write your own question here. Then asi another student. BOOK a LESSONTIm pairs, complete the sentences using the future progr ‘Then underline the future tine phrases in the answers, Number 1 ie an example. 1. Every afternoon from 3 to 4, we exercise at the gym, __welll be exereising at the gym, 2. Every year, Steve works in Europe from May to September, Steve _ in Europe in July, 9. Every morning, Tom and I meet at 9 a.m. at the office, but tomorrow [have a doctor's appointment at 9 a.in Tomorrow morning, __Tom at 9 a.m. at the office. 4. On Sunday, Jerry will visit his parents from noon until 8 pan, Sunday afternoon, —_____his parents, ‘My frionds are going to the mall tonight. I can't go because I have to study. I with my friends to the mall tonight. 6. Well eat dinner between 8 and 9 p.m. ALR80 pm, 7. They often leave at 5 p.m, but today they have too much work to leave on time, ‘They __ at 5 pm. today, [Uae the ure progressive to complete th Use your own schedule, 1, In two hours, 2 Tonight, 3. At8:30 a.m. tomorrow, 4. At9.00 pm. tomorrow, _ 5. Next Sunday at noon, 6. Next month, 7. In six months, ~ REREAD LANGUAGE COURSEReading (ei ‘Read the text, and seleet the topic ‘Armed forees enlisted personnel have saluted officers with a hand salwe for hundreds of years. ‘Many people believe that soldiers began saluting in ‘Europe, These soldiers used to wear suits made of heavy metal to cover their bodies. Metal also covered their heads and faces. When two soldiers inet, they would raige their hands to lift the cover from their faces. They would always do this with their right hand because the left hand was holding the horse, The salute was an important sign because it showed that « soldier was a friend and wouldn't hurt another soldier. It showed the person's face, and most importantly, the salute Temoved the soldier's right hand from his weapon. ‘After many years, soldiers stopped wearing metal ‘The topic of the text is. to cover their faces and bodies, but the military ‘a. military personnel salute remained. Military uniforms and weapons b. military weapons fare different today, but the military salute is still military uniforms fan important part of the armed forces, 4d. the military salute Read the text, and select the topic. === * How far are you from retirement? * === | ewneramenaie + mn er yeas? Twenty years? 5 family ¢ partsime employment Tero late oroveary slat 4 noyse decisions = ‘travel and fun You ake the ight decisions 2 | you epi inyour Ades —_ ltr years. Orr a ee bot that escusses important pes ‘The topie of the text i retirement roney retivement years retirement plans retirement houses,_| MARINE CORPS | Navy —s oo) ww Sw, 8h | =W Kh Bw KB Fay Bw KS | m7 of OK 2 AQ) [ow o MA Fleer be low o| 4 dae 2d Lb (gold (nat) (gold)[EEE ston anc repeat tho sontences you 1, An0.6in the US Navy isa captain, 4. An 0.3 in the navy isa lieutenant, 2, AnO-5in the navy isa commander, _5. An O-2 in the navy is a lieutenant junior grade. 3, An 0-4 in the navy isa lieutenant, ‘commander. 6, An 0-1 in the navy is an ensign. [ESGEEISENEN with «partner, use the chart to answer the questions oral EXAMPLE: What's an 0-6 in the US Marine Corps? ‘An 0-6 in the US Marine Corps is a colonel. 1. What's an 0-5 in the Marine Corps? 5. What's an 0-2 in the US Air Foree? 2, What's an 0-2 in the US Army? 6, What's an 0-1 in the US Army? 8, What's an O-4 in tho US Navy? 17. What's an 0-1 in the US Navy? 4. What's an 0-4 in the Marine Corps? 8, What's an 0-6 in the US Air Foree? ESTEEM canine char onto opposite page, ad iin the Banks. | Air Force captain = a er cose a [3 Army colonel iene ool | saan Crys i a 7 ne 7; Waa jack oo a a abrevaons 205 ‘BOOK LESSONTMEL DICTA US Enlisted ranks and grades (E-1 to E-6) T Ruy AIRFORCE | MARINECORPS/ NAVY Es | g Neo StaMtSergeant | Technical Sergeant | StaffSengeant | _ Petty Oticer S80) set) (SSe0) | First Class (POD) | (60 u No Sergeant | inf Sergeant_ | Sergeant Petty Officer sen) SS Set | Second Class (PO2) 4 |_ Corporal? (C Corporat Potty Officer Specialist (SPO) (SrA) ie| S € & @ « ® a\\ Priva Fit Glow" | airman Fist Clase | Lance Corporal ee tea eo al A Nr Aw Ed Pees ee (een | sae Ik ov) ‘iat tere) ss [Seems dap Noinsgna | Neinsignia | Noinsigna | Ne insignia 1 ee,rrrr,rs~CsCCsCSCSC | ew AB) on | "a Seer “NCO is a noncommissioned officer. Some eorporals are also NCOs, "AEIEAN LANGUAGE COURSE[EIRENE With abbreviation and grade foreach US ra [Number 1 ie an example Gus 1, airman basic 2. airman, 3, airman first class 4, private first class 5. corporal 6. specialist 7. tech sergeant, Abbreviation BEEEEEEN Wiehe Us Navy ranks 1, seaman petty officcr tot lace seaman recruit petty officer 8rd class seaman apprentice petty officer 2nd class 2, lioutenant junior grade lieutenant commander lieutenant captain commander ensign, o1 02 os 0-4 os 06 AB Cece EA der from lowest rank to highest. _| “Airman (Jones)” “Airman (ones)? “airman ones)” Private Glones)” “Corporal (Jones)” pcialist Jones)" “Sergeant (Jones)”MEER cross out rank tat doosn blongin each group] 1.[ MARINE cons [=| aironce «|. [ara | airman petty officer 2nd elas | cilonel [ airman baie [ corporal | the correct word and write It in the 1. My teacher gave me areading that was 120 pages long. assignment / opportunity 2. All career military personal / personnel get medical insurance. 3. The US Navy ‘Seaman Smith to petty officer 3rd elass promoted /otationed 4, People who teach swimming need to be —_ advanced /basie ‘Many young people —____ after they finish high school enlist / station 6. Two hundred and fifty new recruits / grades ~ entered the military today. 7. My wife ig ___ up for / assigned promotion this year, 8. Thought a computer book for beginners. It has only information, basic / advanced 9. The US military —__ stations /starts personnel in many countries, 10, Military personnel wear _ insignia / grades _— Lee on their uniforms,EES Listen’o [Number 1is an example 1 Patton. 2, Pm —________— Parks 3, Hes_________ Thomason. 4, She's ____—_ Lee. 5. Thats_______— Quinn. 6. Please speak to — _ Medrano 7. Myname is Lawrence 8, That's Johnson, 9. Ym ____First Class MeKinney. 410, She's ____ Recruit Garcia. ‘Keke and answer questions about ranks and grades. (What's an B-6in >) ‘An ESinthe ~ Cusine 7 Ser de mae OOC”~CS~sti‘sOt™t™t””CCINEM Asking for and reporting military identification | ‘Interview your partner, then introduce him or her to the class. are you from? What's your branch of \} service? Where was your last duty \\.__ station? And your present duty \ ation? Reals we wil your_/ “next duty station be? YOUR NOTES: 1. name Good morning, Please tell me /" your name and rank, What country \, rank _ ee branch of service last duty station present duty station J mextduty station Pe ais is Sergeant Ramos from ~ / the Philippines, He’ inthe arn. ~ His hast assignment was in Manila Right now, he's in General English SDE Es lwo trainings at / Fort Benning, Georgia, f a[BUNUN Practice those caiogs wina Dialog 1 (US Air Force example): Set White: Good morning, Staff Sergeant White speaking, How may T help yeu? Caller: Ta like to speak to Major Jones, ‘S8xt White: May I ask who's calling, please? Caller: This is Major King at the Air Force Academy. ‘SSgt White: Please hold, si. I'l see if he's available, Dialog 2 (US Navy exarrple): PO3 Robertson: Good afternoon. This is Petty Officer Robertson in the ship's librarg. Can T help you? Call ‘This is Chief Jones, ship dispensary. I'd like to speak to Petty Officer Richards. P03 Robertson: Please hold, si Il find out if she's available. Dialog 3 (US Army example): SGT Woods: Good evening, Brooks Hospital, Sergeant Woods speaking. May Ihelp you, sir or ma'am? Caller; May 1 speak to Captain Miller? This is Captain Kane calling from Fort Sam Houston, SGT Woods: I'm sorry, but he’s not available at this time, ma'am. Would ryou like to leave a message? ESS wie Student A: tha partner and role-play it for the class. dialog ‘Student Bs —___— ick i Student A: — ChEEE o-n0 ‘4S + adjective + as to express equality | same weight, C and D don’t have the same weight, ‘They are equal in weight, Dis less heavy than C. Ais as heavy as B, Dis not as heavy as C. Use ass adjectives. as to compare 2 ‘People/things that are tho same in some way. use not ass adjectives asto compare 2 People/things that are diff fone is less than the othr. nt to say that I you disagree with one, change the statement to make it true in your opinion, STATEMENT. Pood in the US is as delicious as food in my eountry. . American coffee isn't as strong as coffee in my country, My pronunciation is as good as my teacher's pronunciation, An airplane is as dangerous as a car Grammar isn't as important as vocabulary, Life today is as easy as life in the past. Cats aren’t as interesting as dogs. Watches are as expensive as cameras, eee eeidan ee Paul aa Tada +08 I Karen (is). shee hee | as tallas | [sam | aot Pals | sw | het BEEEEISSED Conte tne sonioncos wit your own ideas. — is as sweet as — Ae is as hard as ee = are as dangerous 2s aren't as salty as —____ 5. _ isn't as sharp 08 = ee ah aa bie oe = 7. Dogs are ee 8. Coffee is tea 9, Children aren't _— adults. 10. Snow isn't —__ inHEEEEEEGIGN Flin the bianks using 16 (not) a8 + agjective + Complete examples Aand Bit your instructor, healthy fant A. Fruit is healthier thar. candy. | B. Both glasses have the same amount. | Candy _ a Glass A sas B | qpecsneees see Sa ieee cece et J RomeSS'F — Madr85°F Moscow 63°F expensive hot 1. Soup is less expensive than steak, }4. Rome has the same temperature as Madi ‘Soup ___ steak. Rome Madrid. 2 Soupeosts the same assalad. __|5, Moscow is less hot than Rome. Soup _ _salad.| Moscow _ Rome 3. Salad is cheapor than ston, 6. Madrid is hoter than Moscow. Salad _ steak.) Moscow _ Madtia, CR cc E=Ee-—=E=E__ Se eu nGe COU, WN \ > om kot Sim Lake | as+adverb+as [take [sot up Sim (oes. an early ox [an [deem on Sima Take [SERENE feaditho statements and say you agree or disagree. | you dangre with on, iange the statement to make it rc in your opinion STATEMENT 1, Teook as well as my mother: don't speak English as well as my teacher. I speak as quickly es the person next to me. I type as fast as I speak. don't play soccer as well as Pelé or Maradona did. 6. Commercials in the US don’t last as Zong as commercials in my country. 17. Salaries don’t rise 28 quickly as prices. 8, Children don't lie as often as adults, Book LESSONFill int Number 1 i an example, lanks with (D0 not) verb as vadverb +as. Mark ® © Mark's Jack's throw throw throw/straight 1. Mark and Jack both throw straight. throws as straight as Jack, Lee's dishes work/hard Lee works hard. She's finished washing. Fran doesn't work hard. Fran ‘RNERICAN LANGUAGE COURSEHESSEN witn2ctassmate Write the answers 2. How tall are you? ] (feet/inches or centimeters) | 1, How old are you? al =| | J 3, How bist are your feet? (feet/inches or centimeters) se 4. How far is your country from the US? (kilometers or miles) L 5. How fast do you deve in your country? (kilometers or miles per hour) fl L UL ey 6. How carefully do you drive? 1=@ 2-00 3-00 17. How quickly do you speak? 12@ 2=G0 5-000 8, How well do you evok? 1=@ 2-60 3-006 | U Wl eo ee eet | 1 EERE Use the information Use 4 of the adjectives and adverbs underlined in the chart to write sentences with (not) as as EXAMPLES: I don't speak as quickly as Lt Jones or Lt Kim, Capt Lee drives as carefully as Capt Mills. Exercise C to write 4 sentences. aMEI ma ia Listen. Then select the topic, main idea, and best title. 1. The topic of the text is _ 1a. the cost of the first airplanes b, the beginning ofthe US Air Force ©. people in the USAir Force 4. pilot training 2. ‘The main idea of the text is __ a, The first plane carried only two people b. The Wright brothers made the first plane for the US & The US Air Force started as part of the US Army. 4. There were only two instruetors in the US Air Force, Air Foree, 3. The best title for the text i a. The Army Signal Corps b, Learning to Fly an Old Plane Up, Up,and Away! 4. The Barly Days of the US Air Foree MESES Listen. Then soloct the topic, main idea, and best ie. 1, The topie of the text is a. soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines b. the US Military Reserve ©. the American president 4. weokends in the military 2. The main idea of the text is ‘4. Students take pilot training after graduation, b. US military studeats also get a college degree, & Women go to the US Air Foree Academy and become officers, 4. The military resewe is part of the US military forces, ‘The best title for the taxt is ‘The President Branches of the Armed Forces Weekends in the Military Military Reservists eine oeReading (TS ______ The Origin of Some English Words Some English wordswome from other languages. For example, the word gun comes front the Nowegisn word Gunnhildr.’This word came from a woman's name, ‘Dame Gunidda. She lived in the country of Norway almost 700 years ago. The word rifle is the German word that means long cuts made inside the jong part of a gun. ‘Those are just two examples of the way English uses words from other languages. ‘Summary: Some English words come from other languages. The word gun comes from Norwegian. The word rifle comes from German. {a summary ves the main idea and the most important information of the text dos not show your opinion of the text. is very short SEM Feeds tori then write summaryot ‘The French Language and Commissioned Ranks Many words for the US commissioned ranks come from the French language. ‘All military serviees use the word licurenant for the must junior, or lowest, officer in rank. Lieutenant comes from French and means someone who works {n place of, or instead of, an officer of higher rank. Another military word from French is ensign, which is very similar to the English word insignia, A tong time ago, in the French Navy, an ensign was the man who carried the ship's sign, oF jnsignia, Another rank shat comes from French is captain, a word which means head, A captain is the bead of a body of men. Colonel comes from the military's tuse of columns, or straight lines, of men. In French the word is coronel, and in talian the word is coloanello. In English we put the French sound together with the Italian spelling to make the word colonel. There are colonels in the US Army and US Air Force, but there are no colonels in the US Navy. This is because there were no colonels in the French Navy a long time ago. At that time, men could not stand in straight lines, or columns, while they were on a ship at tea, Liewlenant,ensign captain, and colonel: the names of these US military ranks are just a few of the many military words that eome from French. aooKTa LESSONTIY! Summarizing a text orally ] The California Gold Rush Aman named Sutter fyund gold in California in 1849, This caused many people to rush, or go there quickly, beeause they all hoped to find gold and get rich. A few of them got rich, but most didn't. Instead, they became businessmen, farmers, and ranchers, ‘The gold hunters, or miners, started many small towns, but the towns didn't last when the miners stopped looking for gold and went back home. These empty towns became “ghost towns” with empty buildings, wind, and dirt. Later, the people who stayed in California built other towns that lasted. ‘Today, the state is rich in farm and ranch land and a wide variety of businesses, Not everyone who looked for gold in California found it, but those who stayed found land that’s as good as gold Pal Many people went to California to / Sind gold in 1849, but not many people found it / Many small towns died and became ghost towns after the miners le. The people who stayed became farmers, ranchers, and businessmen. They built) eee, ee Lh pineses, firms, and ranches. ive an oral summary of it to a partner Lexencise ad the text. A First for Women Soldiers Lieutenant General Claudia Kennedy was the first woman to receive the rank of three-star general in the US Army. Kennedy, now retired, was a professional in the US Army for 30 years and has lived a very interesting military and civilian life. Kennedy's father was ir the US Army, so Claudia traveled a lot when she was young. She grew up in Frankfurt, Germany, and later went to college in the US. After she received her degree in 1969, she joined the US Army as a second lieutenant. During her army life, Kennedy had assignments in different countries, She was stationed in Germany, South Korea, and the US. Lieutenant General Kennedy retired in 2000, Today Ms. Kennedy lives in the US and has her own business, She has done ‘many important things for the US Army and continues to help the US in her civilian life, too, OO yz, Fx =,Using just and soon ¢ N AL unt tir ate>) (ia you ke o>) Cveaainst — dinner an hour ago._/ {== L ae cane ate ai Thave 4 eaten — Daya) sa | [Dit you | ust dinner? (Ciweyor] 2! [eaten 4 We use justto talk about something that we completed a short time ago. Use it with past tenses. We often put it before the main verb, but after the auxiliary verb. (Will your daughter Fel graduate som C “graduate tom) ‘We're going to her a Z XN mn — Saltoge soon? sraduation in 2 months. 7 shew soon. cr re Will she ‘soon’ 44 We use soon to tall: about something which we will complete in the near future. Use it with future tenses. The word s00n often comes at the end. gokia LESSONTWEEE eed te seriences. arc or past ionse or Ffor future tnso, 1. Wejust learned that vocabulary word a few minutes ago, ——— 2 Weve going tea baseball game soon. Well leave in 10 minutes, —— 8 My husband is returning later today. 1 goto the airport soon, 4. Dia you just eat lunch? —— 5. Will you come back and visit us soon? —— 6. Tm tired because Tjust ran 5 miles —— 7 You look relaxed. Did you just finish your big report? 8 Will the new shopping mall open soon? BEES in aire, use just or soon to complete the dk 1, Carl: Mom, did the phone ring? Mom: Yes, it's Uncle Ted. He's leaving his house, so he'll be here 2 doe: T finished my homework Do you want to go eat with me? Al: Tneed a few more minutes, but I'l be ready — 8. Bob: Hi, Jan, I'm at the airport. My plane ______arrived a minute ago. Jan: Great! Will you be home — 2 Bob: Yes, I'll be home__. 1 take about 30 minutes to get there. 4. Jim: The mail__eame, and I got a letter from Tim, Dan: What did he write? dim: He wrote that he finished his training. 5. Ann: My sister and brother — — spent the summer in Burope. Phil: That's exciting. Have they returned yet? ‘Ann: My brother got back last night. Phil: What about yoursister? ‘Ann: She's staying there alittle longer, but we'll see her, 6. Sue: Will our favorite store have a sale aa) Sam: No, they had one last month, ~~ RVERIGANANGUNGE COURSErking with paraphrases Bre ~ How is a paraphrase different from a summary? How is it the same? Ina summary Z| Ina paraphrase ge eoeaiie Cee ede Toa mortar eee | | Sin oe J gat tare hn 7 ical goes eugaa Tat desig 7 tesa | [Wy dentro ur opin | The U8 Cont Guard ‘The US Coast Guard is the smallest ofall of the armed forees, Since it began in 1790, it has been important for the safety of US coasts, the ‘ocean waters near land. Coast Guard personnel help people who fall out of their boats or get stuck on the water during bad weather: They also help Keep water animals safe from danger. When ships or boats have large leaks or fail to operate, the Coast Guard is also there to help. The Coast Guaed is tramall part of the military, but it guards the coasts of the US in many important ways, ‘Summary ‘The US Coast Guard is the smallest armed foree, but itis very important, It began in 1790,’The Coast Guard helps people and water ‘animals that are ir. danger. They also help ships and boats that have problems. Paraphrase "The US Coast Guard began in 1790. It is the smallest of the armed servives, but itis very important. The Coast Guard keeps the US coasts safe from danger. It is there to help when boats or ships have leaks or do not operate well. Anotier job for the Coast Guard isto give help to people who tre having problems with their boats. Finally, the Coast Guard ean help ‘keep water animass safe, These are some of the many ways that the Coast Guard is an important part of the US military. NTBESIEEEERM Listen wo your teacher, hen foo te intucions below: —] How to paraphrase 1. Read the original text in the appendix several times. Be sure you understand what you are reading, 2, Circle a word or phrase in the text that says the topic. Underline the main idea in the text. 3. Close the appendix. Think about the information in the text that you just read 4. Look at the paraphrase below. ‘Try not to look at the original text while you fill in the blanks with words from the box. 5. Check you ‘The words will be different, but the ideas should be the same. pleted paraphrase withthe origina | Paraphrase of Cloud Watching o enjoy watching clouds. They like to see the clouds’ pretty @ Se at the beginning and end of toe dey Dey ala lis oo te clouds, But clouds are made up of only @ ‘Wheneoldsirmekes@ sige, share ara clouts. ‘Clouds change into water when warm air becomes cool. Cloud watchers don't mind © ° They alveays like to air and water the weather warm air find pictures ‘many peopie colors watch clouds "HTERICAN LANGUAGE COURSE[, with yournew with her, She works. ee fl Se eas eee | really extremely ‘She works ae fast | rather : Use these 5 adverbs te describe other adverbs and adjectives. ‘These adverbs mean very, bul rather less strong, We often use alte an terribly to describe something that is not pleasing, Is not very salty, nut it’s saltier than I like. ‘The soup's alittle terribly I's very salty, almost too salty for me to eat. He doesn't drive too fast but faster than I like. He drives very fast, almost too fast for me. _| ETERS COURSE He drives,[EIEESEEN oe wos om the Zboses nthe blanks. Choose an adverb from the lft bos first, then a word from the box on the right. You may use ‘any word more than once, Number 1is an example, very quite boring sad friendly really fast hard carefully. extremely, Gy easy upset expensive peter good relaxed difficult alittle bad slowly interesting terribly 1. I think that commercials are terribly boring 2, 1fT'm in a hurry, T walk 3, When Ihave atest, I study _ 4, Don't buy that new CD because it’s _ 5, Students like Mr. Smith because he's 8, Ifyou exercise often, you'l feel 9. Someone hit Katy’s ear. She's 10, [don’t think Tid well on the test, It was behind me, I drive when I got a low score on a test. about it,MESEEESEN Anower the questions with Yo. Use the words in parentheses () and the underlined words, Number 1 is an example. 1, Is Jill angry with Ga:y? (extremely) Yes, Jill's extremely angry with Gary. 2 Did John run fast in we race? (very) 3. Do you exereise frequently? (quite) 4. Did they study hard? (really) Was the restaurant noisy? (rather) 6. Are you sorry about your mistake? (terribly) 7 Isithot in here? (a ittle) 8, Is Sue nervous aboutthe meeting? (extremely) BSEEEEEEG Arowortie questions with wo Use the words in parentheses () and the underlined words, 1. Did Diane score high on the test? (very) 2. Do you work out ofter? (terribly) 8, Did they study hard? (very) = ER ANGUAGE COURSEae | Neer ASIET NS Growing and harvesting apples | ‘The fruit of the apple begins with small pink flowers called | blossoms. ‘The flowers start opening (blooming or blossoming) in early spring. Soon after that, the apple trees a°e in fall bloom, and you ean see blossoms all over the trees. ‘Apple growers don’t want every blossom to become an apple. They want fewer but larger apples, so they remove the ssnallest blossoms and apples early in the season, Growers ‘pat chemicals on the trees to make the trees drop the smallest, flowers and fruit. ‘The apple harvest takes place in the fall, Sometimes the weather becomes cold enough to sill the apples before they are ready to harvest, Then apple growers may light special fires that makes lotofsmoke. Thesmokestopsthe freezingtemperatures from killing the fruit, When the apples are the right size and color, workers pick ‘and pack them in boxes ky their size. Some growers sell apples right at their farms, butmost sgrowers send them to stores all over the country. [EEEXIEEGIEN Narmbor the sentences in tho order that the te Growers make the smallest blossoms and apples fall off the trees. Workers harvect th apples when they have the right size and color ‘Trucks take the apples to stores everywhere ‘Tho apple trees are in fall bloom. Apple trees blossom in the spring: ___ The growers may light smoky fires to stop the fruit from freezing. ‘BOOK Te LESSONBEEEEEEEN compete the sentences with words from the box.) ht harvest. because of locate dirt probably blooming —_refleetion around — blossoms destruction blossoming 1, Before a fruit tree can have fruit, it must have oe 2 She's been working in the garden, so she has — on her hands, 3 Big storms can cause alot of to erop 4. There's a 90% chance that Dan will be free tonight. Hell — come with us. IE Uno wy map ig ee a enon Ra 6. We couldn't play socer yesterday the bad weather: 7, When flowers open, we say theyre gp 8. Can you see your in the window at night? ®. Te — of many erops takes place in autumn, 10. Ken fire in the fireplace, but it didn't burn long 11, Wenved to take a breck Lets walk the building MEGEEEERER Wit the words in the gray box in theircolumns. +] We use these words to tlk about one ae Places/Things | Plants ‘Animals blossom harvest to graze tobe born bridge sheep forest ‘crop horse calves ranch silo cattle to bloom barn bull eabin ~ RNERICANLANGNGE COURSEWrite words from the box inthe column of place or time. The first 2 are already used. store city stroot park week senso day night country school restaurant month Sunday year hotel PLACE TIME store season jentences to make them true about you. Adjective clause L is | theyear | when Twas born, 2] is | themonth | when Iwas born. iB is | theyear | when Ijoined the military, 4, is_| the country | where Iwas born. 3 is | thecity | where Iwork | We can use an adjective clause with where to describe a word about place, and when to deseribe a word about time. oaks LESSON =ive clause tothe sentence t longs with. EEEESSER match ne ag 1, Graduation isa time 8. where you saw that beautiful coat. __ 2 Ashed is a small building —b, when farmers harvest erops. ——— 8. Wecan go back to the shop c. where they see more trees than people. 4. Pallis the season 4. when everyone joes to eal lunch, 5. Til never forget the day when we complete our education, 6. Friday isthe cay {where Lean keep peta 7. Iwanttolivein a house. when we usually go see « new movie __ 8 They like going to places, where people often keep garden tools ——— 8 Twelve noon is the hour i, when I met a famous person. An adjective clause should low the word it describes. BEEEESEG Fin tie bank wih whenor whee ‘Then circle the word the adjestive clause deseribes. Number 1 is an example, 1. Tenjoy remembering theQay) when 1 got married 2. Last night, we ate at ¢ restaurant ____ the food was delicious. 3, “Hotel de Paris” is the place __ we stayed during our trip to Franee. 4, Her books are about the years ___ she lived in Africa, 5, Please put those tools in the garage all the other tools are. 6. TL try to find more time wwe can get together. ‘Do you remember clearly the day _____ you met your wife? 8. Did you visit the house __ President Lincoln lived? 9, What did he say about the night the storm destroyed his house? 10. What do you think happened the day _ we eouldn’t find our ear? i TNGLRE CORE[EEE tate cstements that are tru for you and tll your pat i. Tlive in a country where .. My | isa place where | Graduation isa time when .. | Tike to eat in restaurants, where iy city is a place where touristic to) ‘OKT LESSON — shore aa | Friday is I want to live | the day in a neighborhood when where ... llive 2000 was: al was the day isthe month | vee | = \ when usually got _) the movies.EME Describing places With the whole class, write several words in each category. The examples describe the first Dicture on the nest page. Sie Climate ® Things we can Weather find outsge Shape big clear a rather windy alates high terribly cold ‘nowy ‘Age Color dark green Feelings H makes me feet Opinion words very relaxed alm think that this plac is aleen et beatiful x= —FaEFICAN ANEQuestion ‘Sample Answer 1, What do you see in tae picture? ‘There’ «big lake Tsee high mountains behind | it, There are forests east ofthe lake. [2. Tell me more. Imagine ‘that you are there, ‘The weather’ clear, but its rather windy. The air smells fresh, The trees are dark green. 8, Do you like this kind of place? Why or why not? Tlike this kind of place because it’s clean and quiet. There are no other people. | 4. How do you feel here? This place makes me feel very relaxed and calm. '5. Have you visited a place like this one before? How was it? Tve been to the Alps. Ie was terribly cold ‘and snowy, but the mountains were beautiful. BOOK ESSOND eeMEIER ite description ofan intersting place in your county. | ME mann ae | Listen to a text. Then select the topic, main iden, and the best tthe 1, What is the topic? a. the farmhouse b. cows and horses © summers at the farm flowers around tke lake 2. What is the main idea? Flowers were blooming around the lake. My visits to the farm were wonderful. I stayed in a nice farmhouse. enjoyed working in the fields ‘3. Which is the best title for the text? a, My Summers at the Farm b. ABarn and a Farmhouse Wheat Fields d. Beautiful Flowers[eauee (condition) | Took When you use the present progressivein the it-l ‘modals, or a command in the main clause. True in the present mm you'll find him ‘you should look MAIN CLAUSE in his room. ise, you can use the future, [GEBIADRE femaion MAIN CLAUSE. you're coming | Iryou haven't found Max yet, come you must come with me, 4 when you use the present perfect in the If-clause, you can use the future, rmodals, or a command in the main clause. Match the 2 columns to make complete sentences. 1. you're going to the library, If Mary's visting for afew days, 3. Ifyou're moking tea, 4. Ife alrendy let, 5. Paul ean pass the test 6, You won't enjoy the food 7, Be ready to go at 6 a.m. 8, Don't carry at lot of money 9, Bred will be here by 8 pm. a. ifyou'e eating atthe mess hall b. Fl see him later ©, Tithave some, too. 4. ityou're going downtown, e. sho can stay with us. please roturn this book for me. gif he hasn't forgotten, h. ityou're riding with me. i. ifhe'’s studied hard.Use contractions when possible, Number 1 i¢ an exaraple, 1. If___we're meeting __Ann at the airport, we'll need to leave in a minute. we/ meet, 2. Mary might stay with the Jordans if __next month, she / visi 3. Ithe fain __— until 6 pam,, we shouldn't leave yet. plane /not arrive 4, Bring water to drink if oe _ the day at the beach, you/ spend 5. Tl gowith youif__—_ Tuneh at the mess hall ‘you/eat 6 It ___a test tomorrow, ask them to help us tonight, they /not sake 7. Hank won't find us if ae our plans to meet, we/ change 8 t_ by train, Ken will pick her up at the train station. Rita Toome 9. Tean't help them if __ _—__until this evening, they /not start 10, If you / travel ______ to my city next year; look me up,