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5 Secant Method Examples

The document discusses using the Secant method as an alternative to Newton's method to find roots of equations when the derivative is difficult to calculate. It explains that the Secant method requires two initial approximations and uses a formula to iteratively calculate new approximations that converge on the root. It then provides examples applying the Secant method to find roots of specific equations.

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Kenji Gelbolingo
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84 views2 pages

5 Secant Method Examples

The document discusses using the Secant method as an alternative to Newton's method to find roots of equations when the derivative is difficult to calculate. It explains that the Secant method requires two initial approximations and uses a formula to iteratively calculate new approximations that converge on the root. It then provides examples applying the Secant method to find roots of specific equations.

Uploaded by

Kenji Gelbolingo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In finding the solution of a complex equation, sometimes Newton Raphson's Method is difficult due to the difficulty of findin

of the function 𝑓′ 𝑥 .
To circumvent the problem of finding the derivative, we can use the Secant method. First, we need two initial approximatio
such that for every next iteration 𝒙𝒏
𝒇(𝒙𝒏−𝟏 )(𝒙𝒏−𝟏 − 𝒙𝒏−𝟐 )
𝒙𝒏 = 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 −
𝒇 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 − 𝒇(𝒙𝒏−𝟐 )

Find the root of 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 From 𝑥 = cos 𝑥


𝜋
Choose 𝒙𝒏−𝟐 = 0.5, 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 = ≈ 0.785398 Transpose everything to one side of the equation
4 cos 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 0
Let
n x_n f(x_n)
𝑓 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 − 𝑥
0 0.500000 0.377583
1 0.785398 -0.078291382
Please observe the formula in each cell especially
2 0.736384 0.004518 the cell that contains 0.736384.
3 0.739058 4.51772E-05 Stop at the iteration where 𝑓 𝑥 = 0.
4 0.739085 -2.69822E-08
5 0.739085 1.60871E-13
6 0.739085 0

The equation 𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 − 10 = 0 has a unique root in [1, 2]. Find the root.
Choose 𝒙𝒏−𝟐 = 1, 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 = 1.5

n x_n f(x_n) From 𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 − 10 = 0


0 1.200000 -2.512000 Let
1 1.700000 6.473 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 − 10
2 1.339789 -0.414902
3 1.361486 -0.061707385
4 1.365277 0.000779425
5 1.365230 -1.43242E-06
6 1.365230 -3.31433E-11
7 1.365230 0

Find an approximation to the value of √5 To find an equation that will give an


Choose 𝒙𝒏−𝟐 = 2, 𝒙𝒏−𝟏 = 2.5 approximation to √5
𝑥= 5
n x_n f(x_n) 𝑥− 5=0
0 2.000000 -1.000000 Then, 𝑥2 − 5 = 0
1 2.500000 1.250000 Let
2 2.222222 -0.061728 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥2 − 5
3 2.235294 -0.003460208
4 2.236070 1.07498E-05 Also, we know that 5 lies between
5 2.236068 -1.86047E-09 4 = 2 and 9 = 3,
6 2.236068 0 let us then choose 𝒙𝒏−𝟐 = 2, 𝒙
cult due to the difficulty of finding the derivative

we need two initial approximations 𝒙𝒏−𝟐 and 𝒙𝒏−𝟏

e side of the equation

in each cell especially

that will give an

lies between

𝒙𝒏−𝟏 = 2.5

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