AIR FORCE SCHOOL
AVADI
Investigatory Project in Physics
Topic: Sugar density effect on refraction
Submitted to: Submitted by:
Mrs Praveena A S Name: Evelin Kimberly E
PGT(Physics) Class: 12 – ‘A’
Roll No:
Year: 2023-2024
CERTIFICATE
This to certify that the project entitled “Sugar density
effect on refraction” is a bonafide work done by Evelin
Kimberly E during the year 2023-2024 in the partial
fulfilment of CBSE AISSCE Examination, 2024 and
has been carried out under supervision and guidance of
Mrs Praveena A S.
SIGN OF PHYSICS TEACHER SIGN OF EXTERNAL EXAMINER
SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL SCHOOL STAMP
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the accomplishment of this project, many people
have best owned upon me their blessings and heart
pledged support, this time I am utilizing to thank all the
people who have been concerned with this project.
I am highly thankful to Mrs. Praveena for her valuable
guidance and for her constant encouragement.
I take this opportunity to thank all those who have
helped me to complete this project in time.
PLACE: CHENNAI
DATE: 24 OCTOBER 2023
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Aim
• Materials Required
• Apparatus Setup
• Procedure
• Observation
• Conclusion
• Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
Light is a form of energy and can undergo various phenomena like
diffraction, reflection, refraction, interference, and polarisation.
Refraction is the phenomenon that takes place due to the bending of
light when it travels from medium to another.
Refraction is the bending of a wave when it passes from one medium
to another. The bending is caused due to the differences in density
between the two substances.
Where, i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction
LAWS OF REFRACTION
• The incident ray refracted ray, and the normal to the interface of
two media at the point of incidence all lie on the same plane.
• The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the
angle of refraction is constant. This is also known as Snell’s law
of refraction.
sin 𝑖
=µ
sin 𝑟
The refractive index is dimensionless. For a given material, the
refractive index is the ratio between the speed of light in a vacuum (c)
and the speed of light in the medium (v).
𝑐
n= 𝑣
c= 3×108m/s
REFRACTION OF LIGHT IN DAILY LIFE
• Mirage and looming are optical illusions resulting from
refraction of light.
• A swimming pool always looks shallower than it really is
because the light coming from the bottom of the pool bends at
the surface due to refraction of light.
AIM:
The effect of sugar density in refraction of water.
The objective is to show that increase in sugar
density would increase the refractive index.
MATERIALS REQUIRED:
A hollow prism, a laser light, pencil, samples (water,
sugar water, Juice), syringe, scale.
APPARATUS SETUP:
source
Laser Prism
Screen
PROCEDURE:
1. Passed the laser through the hollow prism
and the initial refraction was found to be
negligible.
2. Next add water into the hollow prism with
the help of a syringe and pass the laser light
through and mark the point on the screen.
3. Next add sugar water and mark the refracted
point.
4. Next add juice with the most sugar density
into the prism and mark the point as well.
OBSERVATION:
With the change in the liquid within the
hollow prism the degree of refraction changed
as well.
The comparison between the initial negligible
and the refraction due to the juice was great.
CONCLUSION:
From the experiment it can be concluded that with
the increase in the sugar density the amount of
refraction increases as well. Therefore, refraction
also depends on the density as the it varies
gradually with the sugar density.
Initial point
BIBLIOGRPHY:
• www.toppr.com
• byjus.com
• www.myprojectcircuits.com
• csef.usc.edu
• Physics class 12 Textbook
