KEMBAR78
Lecture 2 | PDF | Information And Communications Technology | Electrical Engineering
Scribd
Upload
36 views18 pages

Lecture 2

The document discusses transfer functions and their analysis in the s-domain. It covers common source amplifiers, Miller's theorem, poles and zeros, and bode plots. Bode plots can be used to analyze the magnitude and phase response of a transfer function. The document also discusses the low frequency, mid-band, and high frequency behavior of amplifier transfer functions. Key aspects covered include the dominant pole approximation and estimating corner frequencies from poles and zeros.

Uploaded by

Nimsiri Abhayasinghe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views18 pages

Lecture 2

The document discusses transfer functions and their analysis in the s-domain. It covers common source amplifiers, Miller's theorem, poles and zeros, and bode plots. Bode plots can be used to analyze the magnitude and phase response of a transfer function. The document also discusses the low frequency, mid-band, and high frequency behavior of amplifier transfer functions. Key aspects covered include the dominant pole approximation and estimating corner frequencies from poles and zeros.

Uploaded by

Nimsiri Abhayasinghe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Common Source Amplifier

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 1


Results
b1s  b0
A( s)   2 nd order
a2 s 2  a1s  a0
(s  Z )
 A0
( s  P1 )( s  P2 )

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 2


Miller’s Theorem

Z1 Z2

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 3


s-DOMAIN ANALYSIS:
POLES, ZEROS AND
BODE PLOTS

4
Transfer Function
T ( s )  Vo ( s ) Vi ( s )
Polinomial form :
am s m  am 1s m 1    a0
T ( s) 
s n  bn 1s n 1    b0
Pole - Zero form :

T ( s )  am
s  Z1 s  Z 2  s  Z m 
s  P1 s  P2 s  Pn 
Z1 , Z 2 ,..., Z m  Transfer function zeros
P1 , P2 ,..., Pn  Transfer function poles
Zeros and Poles are conjugate pairs because a and b coefficien ts are real.

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 5


Exercise
 Find the transfer function of the following
circuit.

vo ( s) 1 CR1
T ( s)  
vi ( s) s  1 C R1 // R2 

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 6


First order functions
 General form
a1s  a0
T ( s) 
s  0

 Low pass
a0
T ( s) 
s  0

 High pass
a1s
T ( s) 
s  0
Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 7
Bode Plots
 Developed by H. Bode
 Approximated profile

Any pole or a zero is of the form s  a


M agnitude response: sum of 20 log10 a 2   2
 20 log10 1   a 
2

Phase response: sum of tan 1  a 


  a  corner frequency

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 8


Bode Plots (cont…)
E.g.: Find the poles and zeros of the following transfer function and sketch the
magnitude of the gain vs. frequency.
10s
T ( s) 
(1  s 102 )(1  s 105 )

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 9


Bode Plot: Phase response

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 10


Bode Plot: Phase response (cont…)
Phase response of the previous example

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 11


AMPLIFIER TRANSFER
FUNCTION

12
Common Profiles

DC Amplifiers Capacitor Coupled Amplifiers

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 13


The Three Frequency Bands
In general
A( s)  AM FL ( s) FH ( s)
where AM  M id - band gain
FL ( s)  Low frequency response
FH ( s)  Low frequency response

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 14


Low-Frequency Response
s  Z 1 s  Z 2  s  Z 
s  P1 s  P 2  s  P 
FL ( s )  nL

nL

s
if  P1  then FL ( s)  and  L   P1
s   P1
 dominant - pole approximation
 the domina nt-pole ap proximatio n holds if the highe st-frequen cy pole is separated
from the neare st pole or zero by at least tw o octaves (i.e. a fa ctor of fo ur)

If FL ( s ) 
s  Z 1 s  Z 2  and dominant pole approximation does not hold,
s  P1 s  P 2 
 L   P21   P2 2  2Z21  2Z2 2

This can be extended to any number of zeros and poles

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 15


Low-Frequency Response (cont…)
s ( s  10)
E.g. : FL ( s ) 
( s  100)( s  25)
with dominant - pole approximation
 L  100 rad / s

Better estimate :
 L  100 2  252  2 10 2
 102 rad / s

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 16


High-Frequency Response
1  s Z 1 1  s Z 2  1  s Z 
1  s P1 1  s P 2  1  s P 
FH ( s )  nL

nL

1
if  P1  then FH ( s )  and  H   P1
1  s  P1
 dominant - pole approximation

Otherwise

1 1 2 2
H  1    
 2
P1  2
P2  2
Z1  2
Z2

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 17


High-Frequency Response (cont…)
1  s / 105
E.g. : FH ( s ) 
(1  s / 10 4 )(1  s / 4 10 4 )
with dominant - pole approximation
 H  10 4 rad / s

Better estimate :
1 1 2
H    10
10 16 10 10
8 8

 9800 rad / s

Department of Electronic & Computer Engineering 18

You might also like