KEMBAR78
Unit 4 Comp Sci Notes | PDF | Computer Engineering | Computer Data
Scribd
Upload
18 views2 pages

Unit 4 Comp Sci Notes

The document discusses arrays in Java. It defines an array as an indexed structure that holds multiple values of the same type. Arrays have a fixed size and elements can be accessed via their index. Arrays can contain primitive types or objects. The document covers how to construct, access elements of, loop through, pass to methods, initialize, and print arrays. It also discusses limitations of arrays and how to declare and access multi-dimensional arrays.

Uploaded by

andyphuong025
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views2 pages

Unit 4 Comp Sci Notes

The document discusses arrays in Java. It defines an array as an indexed structure that holds multiple values of the same type. Arrays have a fixed size and elements can be accessed via their index. Arrays can contain primitive types or objects. The document covers how to construct, access elements of, loop through, pass to methods, initialize, and print arrays. It also discusses limitations of arrays and how to declare and access multi-dimensional arrays.

Uploaded by

andyphuong025
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Arrays

Array: An indexed structure that holds multiple values of the same type
● Arrays have a fixed size
● Index an array to get or set a value in the list
● Array indices, like string indices, start from 0
● Arrays can be created to hold primitive types or objects

Constructing an Array
<element type>[] <name> = new <element type>[<length>];
● The element type and length are both fixed
● Note: When an array is created, each element is auto-initialized to a default value (the
equivalent of 0 for that data type)

Accessing an element in an array


<name>[<index>]
● Use this expression to get or set an element of the array.
● ie:
ages[1] = 180; or Syste,.out.println(ages[1] + ages[2]);
Looping through elements in an array
for (int i = 0 i < arrayName.length; i++) {
// … do something with arrayName[i]
}
* Note: .length is used for Arrays!

Note - passing arrays to methods


When passing an array to a method, the array itself is not copied
● Instead, the pointer to the array is copied
● Thus, you can modify contents of an array from within a method

Quick array initialization


type[] name = {value, value, …, value};
- Useful when you know what the array’s elements will be
- The compiler figures out the size by counting the values

Limitations of arrays
● You cannot resize an existing array
● You cannot compare arrays with ++ or .equals
● An array does not know how to print itself

Printing an Array
Arrays.toString accepts an array as a parameter and returns a String representation of its
elements.

System.out.println (Arrays.toString(arrayName));
● Must import java.util.*;

For-Each Loop
● If you want to access each element in an array without changing the values

for(<type> <name> : <array>) {


<statement>;
<statenent>;
…
}
● The above statement is read as “for each <type><name> in <array> perform the
following statements…”

Syntax

To declare a two-dimensional array:

type[][] name = new type[rows][columns];

ex: int[][] numbers = new int[2][3];

Assignment/Access
To assign elements
name[row][col] = <value>;
To access
name[row][col]
To print
Arrays.deepToString(name)

Traversing Multidimensional Arrays


- Traverse 2D arrays using Nested for Loops
- The outer loop moves through the ROWS (top to bottom)
- The inner loop moves through the COLUMNS (left to right)
- Called “Row Major Order” on AP Exam

int[][] grid = new int[x][y];


for(int i = 0; i < grid.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < grid[i].length; j++) {
//do something with element grid[i][j];
}
}

Note: grid[i] refers to row i of grid


grid[i].length = number of items in the current row or number of columns (if grid is rect)

You might also like