PG Entrance Test

2022 EDITION MODEL TEST PAPERS

MA Political Science

• 3 Sets of Model Test Paper of

Matching level

• Answer Hint and Lots of

Additional Information

• Self-Assessment Guide to
formulate suitable strategy

By the Author of
POL SC HELP
 SPARE FEW MIN TO READ HOW BEST TO USE THIS RESOURCE

DEAR STUDENTS…WELCOME BACK!

One of the best ways to start Preparation for PG Entrance tests is to take a self-assessment test
through model test papers.
I have tried to prepare 3 sets of most authentic, relevant, and matching test papers to help you
self-assess and make proper prep strategy.
What it contains?
• Arranged in three parts:
o Part I: 3 sets of model test papers of 50 MCQs each.
o Part II: Answer hints with additional information
▪ Additional information are as per the PYQs from those topic/theme
▪ Difficulty level ( E-Easy, M-Medium, D- Difficult) of each MCQ is also
indicated; you should note which level of MCQ you cracked.
o Part III: Self-assessment and Prep Strategy Guide

How to use the Resource?

• 3 Ways to take up the model test paper
o 1st Option: Take 1st paper now, 2nd in March, 3rd 30 days before exam
o 2nd Option: Take all three papers now
o 3rd Option: Take 2 papers now, prepare/revise, and take 3rd paper 30 days before
exam
• Take up the papers just like real exam, yes. You must maintain the time limit ( 90
minutes), do not take any external help ( self-discipline), and complete the test in one
sitting.
• If not following the above discipline, you may not extract any benefit from this resource.
• Properly check answer, give 4 marks for correct one, minus 1 mark for incorrect
one, calculate your net marks and marks %.
• Go to the 3rd section. Select the marks bracket in which you find yourself and read
carefully the strategy. Make a work plan based on the strategy. Carry out those work plan
diligently.
• Read very carefully all the additional info. Update your notes from this information.

I hope my students will extract more benefits out of this than even I could have imagined…
GOOD WISHES!

2
 SECTION 1

MODEL TEST PAPERS

3 SETS

3
 MODEL TEST PAPER
SET 1
Instructions:
• There are 50 MCQs
• Time: 90 Minutes
• +4 marks for each correct answer
• -1 marks for each incorrect answer

1. Which of the following is not true of Rousseau?

A. His Social Contract was an attempt to reconcile modern life with nobility and virtuosity of
past
B. His General Will was sum total of the actual wills of each member of the body politic.
C. In his view, one could be forced to be free.
D. Modern civilization corrupted humanity, debased human nature

2. Who is the first modern thinker to define liberty as absence of external man-made
constraint ( the negative Liberty)?
A. Hobbes
B. Locke
C. Rousseau
D. J.S.Mill

3. Which is not one of the ‘causes’ given by Aristotle?

A. Effective Cause
B. Material cause
C. Formal cause
D. Final Cause

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4. Which of these concepts is not attributed to Plato?
A. Cave Allegory
B. Theory of divided line
C. Proportionate equality
D. Functional division of society

5. Which of these is not a critic of Rawl’s theory of Justice?

A. Susan Moller Okin
B. Michael Sandel
C. Ishiah Berlin
D. Alasdair McIntyre

6. Which of the following is incorrect?

A. Lenin considered 'Imperialism is the highest stage of Capitalism
B. John Rawl’s theory of Justice is a kind of end-state theory of Justice
C. For Mill, Tyranny of Majority was threat to Liberty
D. Rosa Luxemburg gave the capability approach to freedom

7. Match
Political Thinker Book
1. Robert Dahl A. The Rights of Man
2. Thomas Paine B. Who Governs?
3. Hannah Arendt C. The Human Condition
4. Harold Laski D. A Grammar of Politics

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B A C D
b) A B D C
c) B D A C
d) D C A B

5
 8. Which of these books not written by Pandita Ramabai?
A. The cry of Indian Women
B. Why were women enslaved
C. Sthree Dharm Neeti
D. The High Caste Hindu Women

9. Which of these are correct about religious thoughts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy?
1. Believed in Unity in all religion
2. Believed in one Supreme God- Vedantic principle of Monotheism
3. Believed that Hinduism suffered from polytheism, idolatry, superstitions, ritualism
4. Believed in existence of soul and life after death
Options:
A. 1,2
B. 1,2,3
C. 1,3
D. 1,2,3,4

10. Savarkar's test of nationality includes

A. Pitrabhu, Matribhu, Punyabhu
B. Matribhu, Pitrabhu, Karmabhu
C. Pitrabhu, Matribhu, Dhannabhu
D. Pitrabhu, Matribhu, Karmabhu, Punyabhu, Dharmabhu

11. Which is Not implied in the concept of Rajadharma?

A. Statecraft
B. Duties of King
C. Inter-state relation
D. Origin of the state

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12. Match:
Political Thinker Book
Gandhi Savitri: A Legend and a Symbol
Ambedkar Satyagraha in South Africa
M.N.Roy The Buddha and His Dhamma
Aurobindo India in Transition
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B A C D
b) A B C D
c) B C D A
d) D C A B

13. Who considered western nation-state as soulless machine and (British) Parliaments as
merely emblems of slavery?
A. Ambedkar
B. M.N.Roy
C. Aurobindo
D. Gandhi

14. Which of these is Not correct about Iqbal’s idea of Nationalism?

A. His idea of nation was not territorial
B. In his idea of Millat, the community of Muslims, nation was included
C. He supported western idea of nation-state
D. His idea of nation was transnational

15. Which of these is not attributed to ( related to) Frederick Taylor ?

A. Piece Rate System
B. Functional Foremanship
C. Gang Boss
D. Gang Plank

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16. Match
Person/agency Which helped bring
Frank Marini NPA
Janet Denhardt and Robert Denhardt Good Governance
David Osborne and Gaebler Ted New Public Service (NPS)
World Bank NPM
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B A C D
b) A B C D
c) A C D B
d) D B C A

17. Which of these terms/concepts Not attributed to Herber Simon?

A. Span of Control
B. Administrative man
C. bounded rationality
D. Satisficing

18. Which is Not correct about Fred Riggs’ study of Prismatic Society?
A. He adopted structural functional approach
B. He focused on developing countries of Africa
C. His study was to support his theory of ‘ecology of Public Administration’
D. He used curious words, such as ‘Sala’, Clect, and Bazar Canteen to make his points

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19. Which of these are Incorrect?
1. E-Government is different from E-Governance
2. Citizen Charter, in India, was introduced in 1997
3. RTI was introduced in India in 2007
4. Lokpal, in India, was constituted in 2018

Options:
A. 3,4
B. 1,2,3
C. 1,3
D. 1,2,3,4

20. Match:
Thinker Concept/Theory
1. Garrett Hardin A. Silent Spring
2. Brundtland Commission B. Tragedy of the Commons
3. Rachel Carson C. Limits to Growth
4. Club of Rome D. Our Common Future

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B D A C
b) A B C D
c) A C D B
d) B D C A

21. On alternate perspectives on Globalization, which is NOT true?

A. Skeptics believe that the role of the state is eroding in the present times
B. Globalists believe that the role of the state is eroding in the present times
C. Skeptics believe that the role of the state is still very much intact in the present times
D. Transformationalists believe that States are becoming stronger in some respects and weaker
in others as a result of globalization

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22. Match
Feminist Thinker Concept/contribution
1. J. Ann Tickner A. Feminist Critical Theory
2. Sandra Whitworth B. Gendering Global Conflict
3. Laura Sjoberg C. Bananas, Beaches and Bases
4. Cynthia Enloe D. Reformulation of Morgenthau's Six Principles
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B D A C
b) D A B C
c) A C D B
d) B D C A

23. Which of these is Incorrect?

A. Treaty of Westphalia ended the 30 years’ war
B. The Treaty of Vienna of 1815 was the formal agreement between 5 great powers of Europe
C. Treaty of Westphalia is considered as beginning of IR based on state system
D. From the beginning, some of the 3rd world countries were included in the Westphalian State
System

24. Which of the following propositions is not found in Classical Realism?

A. 3 S: Statism, survival, self-help
B. The structure of international politics is anarchic
C. National Interest is defined in terms of Power
D. The laws of politics have their roots in human nature

25. UN security council Resolution 1325 is related to?

A. Terrorism
B. Women in Peace & Conflict
C. Threat of climate change
D. Weapon of Mass destruction

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26. What is structural adjustment in IR?

A. Fine tuning of the structure of global state system

B. Adjustments of domestic economy under the guidance of IMF and World bank
C. Adjustment of the structure of domestic politics with Global Politics
D. Adjustments made by the nation-states to remain relevant in the globalized world

27. Arrange Chronologically the following cold war events- in ascending order

1. Korean War
2. Blockade of West Berlin
3. Cuban Missile Crisis
4. USSR invasion of Afghanistan

Options

A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 2,1,3,4
C. 2,4, 1,3
D. 4,1,2,3

28. From which country the Arab Spring( anti-Government protest and movement in
Arabian region) started ?

A. Libya
B. Egypt
C. Yemen
D. Tunisia

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29. Which is Not correct about G-20?

A. EU is the 20th member of the G-20

B. G20 was founded in 1999
C. Its Headquarter is at Cancún, Mexico
D. The last physical G20 summit took place in Osaka, Japan, in 2019

30. Match
Thinker (Sociologists) Concepts

1. Erich Fromm A. Social capital

2. Robert Putnam B. Cultural Capital
3. Pierre Bourdieu C. Sociology based on rational choice
4. James Coleman D. Mass Society

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B D A C
b) D A B C
c) A C D B
d) D B C A

31. Who among the following coined the term ‘Print Capitalism’?
A. Benedict Anderson
B. Ernest Gellner
C. Anthony D Smith
D. Partha Chatterjee

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32. Which of these Not one of the ideal types of political culture given by Almond & Verba?

A. Parochial
B. Homogeneous
C. Subject
D. Participative

33. As part of modernization theory, who gave 5 stages of modernization?

A. David Apter
B. W.W.Rostow
C. Lucian W. Pye
D. Organski

34. Match
Thinker (Elite Theories) Theory/concept

1. Gaetano Mosca A. The Ruling Class

2. Vilfredo Pareto B. Circulation of Elite
3. C Wright Mills C. The Power Elite
4. Robert Michels D. Iron law of oligarchy

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) A B D C
b) D A B C
c) A B C D
d) D B C A

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35. Match
Features of Indian Constitution Influenced from
1. Directive principles A. Canada
2. Emergency Provision B. Ireland
3. Strong Centre C. Russia
4. Fundamental Duties D. Germany

Options: 1 2 3 4
a) B D C A
b) A B C D
c) B D A C
d) D C A B

36. Which article is associated with Judicial Activism?

A. 19
B. 20
C. 21
D. 22

37. Which of these is Not correct about provisions related to Ordinance in Indian
Constitution?

1. Article 123 empowers President to issue ordinance

2. Maximum period for which an Ordinance can remain valid without being passed by
Parliament is 6 months
3. The controversial Farm Laws were brought by way of ordinance
4. Article 213 empowers Governor to issue ordinance

Options
A. 1,3
B. 2,4
C. Only 2
D. Only 3

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38. Match

Article Subject/Issue
1) 368 A. State Emergency
2) 360 B. National Emergency
3) 356 C. Financial Emergency
4) 352 D. Constitutional amendments

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B D C A
b) D C B A
c) D C A B
d) D B C A

39. To whom the Lok Sabha Speaker hand over his resignation?

A. Dy. Speaker
B. PM
C. President
D. Secretary General of Lok Sabha

40. Which of the following is Not related with the concept of Global Justice?

A. John Rawl
B. Friedrich Hayek
C. Amartya Sen
D. Martha Nussbaum

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41. Match
Doctrine/ideology Thinker
1) Classical Liberalism A. Jean-François Lyotard
2) Marxism B. Adam Smith
3) Libertarianism C. Rosa Luxemburg
4) Postmodernism D. Robert Nozick

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B D C B
b) A C D B
c) B C D A
d) A B C D

42. Which is Not part of post Modernism?

A. Meta Narratives
B. Rejecting any claim to Objective Truth
C. Deconstructivism
D. Post-structuralism

43. Which of the following is Not a utopic socialist thinker?

A. Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
B. Peter Kropotkin
C. Leon Trotsky
D. Mikhail Bakunin

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44. Match
Feminist Thinker Books
1) Simone de Beauvoir A. Men Explain Things to Me
2) Shulamith Firestone B. ‘The second sex’
3) Rebecca Walker C. The Dialectic of sex
4) Rebecca Solnit D. Becoming the Third Wave
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B C D A
b) D A C B
c) B D C A
d) A B C D

45. Which was the last Indian state to be formed on the basis of Language?
A. Maharashtra
B. Kerala
C. Telangana
D. Punjab

46. Which of these are correct?

1. Through 89th Amendment Act, 2003, National Commission for Scheduled Castes and
Scheduled Tribes was bifurcated into two separate commissions for SC and ST
2. Article 338 state that there would be special Officer for the Scheduled Castes and
Scheduled Tribes to be appointed by the President
3. article 340 states that President shall establish a commission to examine the condition of
social and backward class.
4. Backward class commission is yet to get the Constitutional status

Options
A. 1,3
B. 2,4
C. 1,2,3
D. 1,2,3,4

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47. Arrange chronologically the following political parties on the basis of their year of
formation

1. Akali Dal
2. DMK
3. CPI(M)
4. Bharatiya Jana Sangh

Options

A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 2,1,3,4
C. 3,1,4,2
D. 1,2,4,3

48. Match
Thinkers Book/concept
1) Partha Chatterjee A. The Political Economy of Democratic Decentralization
2) James Manor B. In Pursuit of Lakshmi
3) Lloyd and Sussane Rudolph C The Intimate Enemy
4) Ashish Nandy D. Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B C D A
b) D A B C
c) C D B A
d) C D A B

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49. Which of the following statements with respect to the Public Service Commissions is
Incorrect?

A. Term (tenure) of member of UPSC is 6 years or 65 years of age, whichever is earlier

B. After retirement, member of UPSC cannot hold any other office
C. Chairman and members of UPSC can be removed in the same manner as Judges of
Supreme court
D. Two or more states may have joint public service commission

50. Which of these committee are Not related to Electoral Reform?

A. Dinesh Goswami Committee

B. Tarkunde committee
C. Rajamannar Committee
D. Indrajeet Gupta Committee

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 MODEL TEST PAPER
SET 2
Instructions:
• There are 50 MCQs
• Time: 90 Minutes
• +4 marks for each correct answer
• -1 marks for each incorrect answer

1. As per Hobbes, which of these was not valid grounds for disobeying the sovereign?
A. For self-preservation
B. Arbitrary laws and commands of the Sovereign
C. To protect honour/dignity of family
D. To save life in conflict situations when independence of state is not in danger

2. Who viewed state as magnified individual?

A. Aristotle
B. Plato
C. Zeno
D. Socrates

3. Which one is wrongly matched?

Political Thinker Book
a. Anthony Downs An Economic Theory of Democracy
b. Iris Marion Young Inclusion and Democracy
c. Joseph Schumpeter Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
d. Harold Laski Political Man

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4. Rawl gave 3 principles - Principle of Equal Liberty, Principle of Fair Equality of
Opportunity, and Difference Principle- as part of his theory of Justice; which of these got the
last priority?
A. Liberty Principle
B. Fair Equality of Opportunity principle
C. All got equal priority
D. Difference principle

5. Which of the following is incorrect about thoughts of Machiavelli?

A. He preferred Republican form of Government over Monarchy
B. He believed in collective wisdom of people over irrational acts of the Prince/king
C. He advised the Prince/King not to use religion for maintaining their states
D. He had adhered to a sentiment of nationalism in his writings.

6. Which of these supported Negative Liberty?

A. Rousseau
B. Immanuel Kant
C. Isaiah Berlin
D. Charles Taylor

7. Match
Political Thinker Concept
1. Rousseau A. Overlapping Consensus
2. Alexandra Kollontai B. Property as theft
3. John Rawl C. Love comradeship
4. Proudhon D. Noble Savage

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) B C D A
b) D C A B
c) C D B A
d) D C B A

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8. Which of these party/organization Not founded by Ambedkar?
A. Independent Labour Party
B. Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti
C. Scheduled caste federation
D. The Republican Party

9. For what purpose did Raja Ram Mohan Roy go to England in 1830?
1. To participate in religious conference at London as representative of ‘Calcutta unitarian
Association’
2. To give lectures on universal unity of all religion
3. To ensure that banning the practice of Sati was not overturned
4. As an ambassador of the Mughal Empire and for requesting more pension to then
Mughal King Akbar-II
Options:
A. 1,2
B. 1,2,3
C. 3,4
D. 1,2,3,4

10. Which was Not included in the four-fold programme of Socialist struggle in Lohia’s
Thought
A. Gender Equality
B. Save Himalayas
C. Fix Price
D. Ban English

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11. Match:
Political Thinker Was called
1. Dadabhai Naoroji A. The father of the Indian unrest
2. Ambedkar B. British described him as most 'dangerous man'
3. B.G.Tilak C. Modern Manu
4. Aurobindo D. Grand old man of Indian freedom movement
Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B C D A
b) D C A B
c) C D B A
d) D C B A

12. Match:
thinkers Thoughts/concepts
1. Aurobindo A.Termed 1857 revolt as the First War of Independence
2. Deen Dayal Upadhaya B.Integral Yoga
3. B.G.Tilak C.Freedom is our birth right, we will have it
4. Savarkar D.Integral Humanism

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B D C A
b) D C A B
c) C D B A
d) D C B A

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13. Who advised Gandhi after his Return from South Africa to get to know rural India
better?

A. B.G.Tilak
B. Dadabhai Naoroji
C. Rabindranath Tagore
D. Gopal Krishna Gokhale

14. The manuscript of Kautilya’s Arthashastra was first discovered and studied by?

A. K A Neelkantha Shastri
B. Rudrapatna Shamashastry
C. J Buhler
D. Sir William Jones

15. Frederick Taylor coined a new term for harmony and cooperation between managers
and workers; that was?
A. Functional relation
B. Balanced division
C. Differential system
D. Mental Revolution

16. Match:
Author Book
1. Dwight Waldo A.Toward a New Public Administration
2. Chester Bernard B.Dynamic Administration
3. M.P.Follet C.Functions of Executive
4. Frank Marini D.Administrative State
Options: 1 2 3 4
a) B D C A
b) D C A B
c) C D B A
d) D C B A

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17. Which of them had advocated for politics- administration Dichotomy?
1. Woodrow Wilson
2. Frank Goodnow
3. Paul H. Appleby
4. L.D.White
Options:
a) 1 &2
b) 1, 2, 3
c) All of them
d) Only 1

18. Match:
Thinker Concept/Theory
1. Herzberg A. Theory X and Theory Y
2. Abraham Maslow B. Management by Objectives
3. Douglas McGregor C. Hierarchy of Needs
4. Peter Drucker D. Two Factor Theory
Options:

1 2 3 4
a) D C A B
b) D B C A
c) C D B A
d) B C D A

19. Which of these cannot be included as classical administrative thinkers?

A. Henri Fayol
B. Luthar Gullick
C. Elton Mayo
D. L.D. White

25
20. Match:
Thinker IR Theory/Approaches
1. James Scott A. Defensive Neo-Realism
2. Stephen Walt B. Offensive Neo Realism
3. John Ikenberry C. Neo-liberalism
4. John Mearsheimer D. Neo-classical Realism
Options:

1 2 3 4
a) D C A B
b) D A C B
c) C D B A
d) B C D A
21. Which of these is Not a ‘Global Commons’?
A. Arctic Ocean
B. High Sea
C. Global Atmosphere
D. Outer Space

22. Which of the following is Not part of the Westphalian Constitution (template) of World
Politics?
A. Sovereignty
B. Territoriality
C. Collective Security
D. Equality

23. Which of these is Not correct?

A. India is not a member of Nuclear Supply Group (NSG)

B. India is a member of Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms
and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies
C. India has ratified but did not sign NPT
D. India has neither signed NPT nor CTBT

26
24. Arrange Chronologically- in ascending order

1. Founding of WTO
2. Kyoto Protocol
3. Montreal Protocol
4. Uruguay Rounds of GATT negotiations

Options
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 3,4,1,2
C. 2,4, 1,3
D. 4,1,2,3

25. Match

Indian PM Foreign Policy Strategy

1. I.K. Gujral A. Look East Policy

2. Narendra Modi B. Regional hegemony
3. P.V. Narasimha Rao C. Act East Policy
4. Indira Gandhi D. Doctrine of non-reciprocal concessions to small neighbours

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) D C A B
b) D A C B
c) C D B A
d) B C D A

27
26. Which of these is Not the mandate of World Bank

A. provide concessional loan to European countries for reconstruction post WWII

B. provides loans and grants to the governments of poorer countries for human development
C. providing loans to projects related to physical infrastructure in developing countries
D. ensure stable monetary and exchange rate regime for global trade

27. Which of non-SAARC countries are members of BIMSTEC?

1. Myanmar
2. Thailand
3. Malaysia
4. Singapore
Options
A. 1, 2
B. 2,3
C. 3,4
D. 1,4

28. Which of these Thinkers had Not given Just War Theories?

A. Thomas Aquinas
B. Hugo Grotius
C. Samuel Pufendorf
D. David Held

29. Which is Not correct about UN Peacekeeping?

A. UN Peacekeepers are called ‘Blue Helmet’

B. UN Peacekeeping is called “Chapter Six and a Half” operations
C. It is in between the pacific settlement of disputes and the use of force in cases of threats
and breaches to peace
D. First UN Peacekeeping operation was in 1960 in Congo

28
30. Who gave the concept of nation as imagined community?
A. Benedict Anderson
B. Ernest Gellner
C. Anthony D Smith
D. Partha Chatterjee

31. Who among the following is Not one of the thinkers of modernisation theory?
A. Lucian W. Pye
B. Edward Shils
C. James Coleman
D. Amartya Sen

32. Who propounded General System Theory which became base for system theory in
Comparative Politics?
A. Ludwig von Bertalanffy
B. David Easton
C. Gabriel Almond
D. Jean Blondel

33. Match
Thinker (Liberal Economists) Book

1. David Ricardo A. Principles of Political Economy

2. J S Mill B. The Wealth of Nation
3. Adam Smith C. Principles of Political Economy
4. Malthus D. On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) D C A B
b) D A C B
c) D A B C
d) B C D A

29
34. Which of the following developed Structural-Functionalism from the System approach
of David Easton?

A. James Coleman
B. Jean Blondel
C. Mortan Kaplan
D. Gabrieal Almond

35. Match
Articles Indian Constitution Related to

1. 315 A. Attorney General(AG)

2. 324 B. CAG
3. 148 C. CEC
4. 76 D. UPSC

Options: 1 2 3 4
a) B D C A
b) D C B A
c) D C A B
d) C D A B

36. Which of these is Not correct about 73rd Amendments

A. These are related to Panchayati Raj Institutions(PRI) as 3rd tier of government

B. Passed by Parliament in 1992
C. Provisions of these amendments are not applicable to 5th schedule areas
D. Provisions of these amendments are not applicable to 6th schedule areas

30
37. Who among the following described Indian Constitution as quasi-federal?
A. Granville Austin
B. Paul Brass
C. James Manor
D. K.C. Wheare

38. Match

Schedule Subject/Issue
1) 3rd A. Land reforms Acts
2) 4th B. Panchayati Raj System
3) 9th C. Allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha
4) 11th D. Forms of Oaths or Affirmations for legislatures,
Judges, ministers, etc

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B D C A
b) D C A B
c) D C B A
d) C B D A

39. For how long a minister may remain without being member of the Legislature ?
a) 6 weeks
b) 6 months
c) 4 months
d) 12 months

31
40. Match
Thinker Concept on Power
1) Steven Lukes A. 3rd dimension of power
2) Bachrach and Baratz B. 2nd dimension of power
3) Quinton Skinner C. Republican concept of Power
4) Gerald MacCallum D. Power as triadic relation

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) A D C B
b) D C A B
c) B A C D
d) A B C D

41. Which is Not part of Marxism?

A. Primacy to class struggle

B. Reject Meta Narratives
C. Historical Materialism
D. Economic determinism

42. Which of the following is Not a Communitarian thinker?

A. Michael Sandel
B. Charles Taylor
C. G. A. Cohen
D. Alasdair McIntyre

32
43. Which is Not correct about Positive Liberty?

A. The state can make interventions for betterment of lives

B. Individual self can be extended to represent the society/community
C. Individual can attain freedom by following life form collectively chosen
D. In comparison to negative liberty, it is recent and modern concept

44. Mutually constituting nature of knowledge-power relationship is part of ?

A. Constructivism
B. Structuralism
C. Post-structuralism
D. Feminism

45. Arrange chronologically the following state on the basis of their formation

1. Sikkim
2. Jharkhand
3. Meghalaya
4. Goa

Options

A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 2,1,3,4
C. 3,1,4,2
D. 4,1,2,3

33
46. Match
Leader/thinker Party/society
1) Jyotiba Phule A. BAMCEF
2) E. V. Ramasamy Naicker B. Republican Party of India
3) Kanshi Ram C. Satyashodhak Samaj
4) Ambedkar D. Justice party

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B C D A
b) D A C B
c) B D C A
d) C D A B

47. Which of these is Not correct about Public Interest Litigation ( PIL)

A. Justice P.N. Bhagwati is credited to have introduced public interest litigation (PIL) to
the Indian judicial system
B. Hyper technical and strict procedural views are taken by court in case of PIL
C. Expansive view of the rule of locus standi is taken by the court in case of PIL
D. The first reported case of PIL was 'Hussainara Khatoon Vs. State of Bihar' in 1979.

48. Which is the nodal agency for NRC (National Register of Citizens)?
A. The Unique Identification Authority of India
B. The Union Home Ministry
C. The Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
D. Election Commission of India

34
49. match
Thinkers What they said of Indian Polity
1) Atul Kohli A. Indian state as interchangeably “weak” and “captured”
2) Morris Jones B. Indian federalism as “bargaining federalism”
3) Myron Weiner C Indian Politics as “Politics of Scarcity”
4) Aseema Sinha D. India as a “polycentric hierarchy

Options:

1 2 3 4
a) D C C A
b) D A B C
c) A B C D
d) C D A B

50. Which Indian President is considered one of most independent minded who used his
discretionary power more often than any other president?

A. Giani Zail Singh

B. K. R. Narayanan
C. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
D. Pranab Mukherjee

35
 MODEL TEST PAPER
SET 3
Instructions:
• There are 50 MCQs
• Time: 90 Minutes
• +4 marks for each correct answer
• -1 marks for each incorrect answer

1. Who held the view that Natural Rights are ‘Nonsense on stilts’?
A. J.S.Mill
B. Laski
C. Bentham
D. Edmund Burke

2. “If men were to treat women rationally, and not as slaves they would be better mother, wives
sisters and daughter” Whose thought is reflected in this quote?
A. Simone de Beauvoir
B. Mary Wollstonecraft
C. Judith Ann Tickner
D. Alexandra Kollontai

3: Which is Not correct about thoughts of Marx?

A. He turned upside down the dialectical idealism of Hegel
B. To him, superstructure had only limited autonomy; it was largely determined by the
base or structure
C. He gave instrumentalist view of the state
D. He gave structuralist view of the state

36
4. Who is considered one of the founders of the Cambridge School of the history of political
thought?
A. Quentin Skinner
B. Walter Benjamin,
C. Max Horkheimer,
D. Erich Fromm

5. Match:
Political Thinker Tradition of thought
1. Robert Dahl A. Marxism
2. Edmund Burke B. Conservatism
3. Charles Taylor C. Pluralism
4. Gerald Cohen D. Communitarianism

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) C B A D
b) D C A B
c) B A C D
d) C B D A

6. Which thinker is odd one out?

A. J.S. Mill
B. John Rawl
C. Immanuel Kant
D. Rousseau

37
7. Match:
Political Thinker Concept
1. Dworkin A. Categorical Imperative
2. Michael Walzer B. Equality of resources
3. Hegel C. Dialectical Idealism
4. Immanuel Kant D. Complex Equality
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) C B A D
b) D C A B
c) B D C A
d) C B A D

8. In Kautilya’s Raja Mandla theory which of these seemed to be the most powerful state?
A. The State of Vijigishu
B. The Madhyma State
C. The Udasin State
D. The Akranda

9.Match:
Hindu Nationalist Thinkers Their Role
1. M.S. Golwalkar A.Propounded the Hindutva Ideology
2. Hedgewar B.Founder of Bharatiya Jana Sangh
3. Syama Prasad Mukherjee C.2nd RSS chief (Sarsanghchalak) for 33 years
4. Savarkar D.Founder of RSS and its 1st chief (Sarsanghchalak)
Options:

1 2 3 4
a) C B A D
b) C D B A
c) B D A C
d) C B A D
38
10. Which of these is Not correct about Gandhiji?
A. He mixed religion in politics
B. He was influenced by great Italian revolutionary leader Giuseppe Mazzini
C. He is considered as Philosophical Anarchist
D. He supported modern western Education System

11. Match:
thinkers Thoughts/concepts
1. Vivekananda A.Fusion of Feminism, Religion, and Caste
2. Pandia Ramabai B.liberal-reformist modernization of India?
3. Raja Ram Mohan Roy C. Cosmopolitanism
4. Tagore D.Cycle of Caste Rule
Options:

1 2 3 4
a) D A B C
b) C D A B
c) B C A D
d) C B A D

12. Which is Not one of the state elements in the Saptanga Theory of Kautilya?
A. Mitra( ally)
B. Kosha (Treasury)
C. Jana (People)
D. Danda (Army)

13. Which is incorrect about relation of Gandhi and Tagore

A. Gandhi gave Tagore the title of ‘Gurudev’ and Tagore called him ‘Mahatma’
B. Both Gandhi and Tagore regarded nationalism as a menace
C. Tagore was critical of Gandhi’s program of Chrakha and Khadi
D. He opposed Gandhi’s call for non-cooperation
39
14. After conversion to Christianity, Ramabai was given a new name, which was?
A. Sister Mary
B. Sister Rama
C. Holy Rama
D. Mary Rama

15. Which of these are included in 14-point principle of management by Henri Fayol?

1. Scaler Chain
2. Unity of Command
3. Stability of Tenure of Personnel
4. Equity
Options:
a) 1 &2
b) 1, 2, 3
c) All of them
d) 2,3,4

16. Which is Not an attribute of NPM?

A. 3As: Agility, Adaptability, Accountability
B. Public Value
C. Adopting style of private sector management practices in public sector
D. Market and business-oriented approach

17. Which is Not one of core Themes of NPA?

A. Relevance
B. Customer focus
C. Social equity
D. Change orientation

40
18. Which of these is Not correct about Budget making in India?
A. India primarily adopts Zero Based Budget in making its annual budget
B. Annual Budget is prepared by the Department of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of
Finance
C. President’s approval is required for presenting the Budget
D. Appropriation Bill and Finance Bill are passed as part of Legislative approval for the
Budget made by the executives.

19. Which is Not correct about Public Policy Process

A. Niti Ayog is specialized agency to help policy making in India
B. Public Administration plays minor role in Policy process in India
C. Public Policy implementation is almost exclusive in executive domain
D. Some policy making is also done in Legislative and Judicial Domain

20. Match
Plan/program Purpose
1. Marshal Plan A. ‘Food for Peace’ Program of USA
2. Point Four Program B. Rebuilding Economy of Western Europe by USA help
3. Colombo Plan C. Human Resource development of Asia-Pacific region
4. PL 480 D. Technical assistance by USA to "developing countries"

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) D A B C
b) C A D B
c) B D C A
d) C B A D

41
21. Which country has best HDI among SAARC members?

A. India
B. Maldives
C. Sri Lanka
D. Pakistan

22. Match
IR Thinker Perspective/Approaches
1. Hedley Bull A. Constructivism
2. Robert Cox B. International Society or English School
3. Alexander Wendt C. Copenhagen School
4. Barry Buzan D. Critical Theory/Perspective
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) D A C B
b) C D B A
c) B D A C
d) C B A D

23. Which of these is Not a Non-State Actor?

A. MNCs
B. WSF
C. WTO
D. INGOs

42
24. Match
IR Thinker Books

1. David Held A. Making Globalization Work

2. Joseph Stiglitz B. In Defense of Globalization
3. Jagdish Bhagwati C. The World is Flat
4. Thomas Friedman D. Democracy and the global order
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) D A B C
b) C D A B
c) B C A D
d) C B A D
25. Which of these is part of the 1992 report of the United Nations ‘An Agenda of Peace’?

1. Preventive Diplomacy
2. peace making
3. Peace keeping
4. Post Conflict Peace Building
Options:
a) 1 &2
b) 1, 2, 3
c) 1,2,3,4
d) 2,3,4

26: Latest UN Climate Change Conference under UNFCCC held at

A. 2019, in Madrid, Spain

B. 2020 in London UK
C. 2021 in Glasgow UK
D. 2021 in Katowice, Poland.

43
27. Match
IR Thinker Books

1. Hans Morgenthau A. Politics Among Nations

2. Kenneth Waltz B. Theory of International Politics
3. John Mearsheimer C. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics
4. Morton Kaplan D. System and Process in International Politics

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) A B C D
b) C D A B
c) B C A D
d) A B D C
28. Match
IR Thinker Books

1. Immanuel Kant A. Soft Power

2. Woodrow Wilson B. 14 point peace principle
3. Robert Keohane C. After Hegemony
4. Joseph Nye D. Perpetual Peace

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) A B C D
b) C D A B
c) D B C A
d) A B D C

44
29. Match
IR Thinker Books

1. E. H. Carr A. The Twenty years' Crisis

2. David Mitrany B. The Functional Theory of Politics
3. Immanuel Wallerstein C. World-Systems Analysis
4. Andre Gunder Frank D. The Development of Underdevelopment

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) A B C D
b) C D A B
c) B C A D
d) A B D C

30. Match
Disputed Territory Countries Involved

1. Kalapani and Susta A. India- Bangladesh

2. Katchatheevu B. India- Nepal
3. Sir Creek C. India- Sri Lanka
4. New Moore Island D. India-Pakistan

Options:
1 2 3 4
a) A B C D
b) C D A B
c) B C D A
d) A B C D

45
31. Which sociologist gave the concept of anomie?

A. Talcott Parsons
B. August Comte
C. John Harris
D. Émile Durkheim

32. Who gave the concept of ‘catch all party’?

A. Otto Kirchheimer
B. Duverger
C. Sartori
D. Lipset and Rokkan

33. Which of the following does not belong to thinkers of the Dependency theories?

A. Raul Prebisch
B. Immanuel Wallerstein
C. AG Frank
D. Huntington

34. Match
Thinker Book
1. Samuel Huntington A. End of Ideology
2. Daneil Bell B. Polyarchy
3. Francis Fukuyama C. Clash of Civilisation
4. Robert Dahl D. End of History
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) A B C D
b) C A D B
c) B C D A
d) C A B D
46
35. Who described democracy merely as a political method by which people elect
representatives in competitive elections to carry out their will?

A. Joseph Schumpeter
B. Aime Cesare
C. Joshua Cohen
D. Samuel Huntington

36. New Institutionalism in understanding comparative politics includes following

schools of thought:
1. Functional Institutionalism
2. Rational Choice Institutionalism
3. Cultural Institutionalism
4. Structural Institutionalism

Options:
A All of them
B. None of them
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 2, 3 and 4

37. Which of the following subjects is not in the State List in the Seventh Schedule of the
Constitution of India?
A. Weights and measures
B. Public health and sanitation
C. Agriculture
D. Betting and gambling

47
38. Which of these is Not one of 6th Schedule states?
A. Assam
B. Meghalaya
C. Manipur
D. Tripura

39. which of these is Not correct about the Money Bill?

A. Lok Sabha Speaker is the final authority to certify a bill as money bill
B. Rajya Sabha can hold money bill passed by Lok Sabha only for 14 days
C. Lok Sabha may or may not agree to amendments made in the money bill by Rajya Sabha
D. President is the final authority to certify a bill as money bill

40. Which of these matters pertains to latest Constitutional amendments?

A. 10 % reservation to EWS
B. National Commission for Backward Classes
C. Power to identify backward caste/class (SEBC) back to State Govts
D. Abolition of nomination of two members from Anglo-Indian community

41. Which is Not part of Classical Liberalism?

A. Distributive justice
B. Minimalist State
C. Individualism
D. Inviolable property rights

42. Which of these thoughts Cannot be associated with Feminism?

A. Gender is social construct

B. Political values and concepts have muscular overtones
C. Patriarchy is root cause of women’s problem
D. Marriage, family, and child bearing are bondage for women
48
43. Which of the following Committee Not related to Panchayati Raj Institutions?

A. Sadiq Ali Committee

B. K. Santhanam committee
C. LM Singhvi committee
D. G.L.Vyas Committee

44. Match
Thinkers Book
1) Pradeep Chhibber A. Democracy and Discontent
2) Atul Kohli B. Democracy without Associations
3) Pranab Bardhan C The Politics of India Since Independence
4) Paul Brass D. The political economy of development in India
Options:

1 2 3 4
a) B A D C
b) C B A D
c) C D B A
d) C D A B

45. Which of these committee are Not related to Center-state relation?

A. M.M. Punchhi Commission

B. Bhuria Committee
C. Sarkaria Commission
D. Rajamannar Committee

49
46. match
Landmark Cases Issue
1) Three Judges Cases A. Creamy layer policy for OBC reservation
2) Olga Tellis vs. BMC B. sexual harassment of women at work place
3) Indira Sawhney v. Union of India C Right to Livelihood under article 21
4) Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan D. ‘Collegium system’ of Judges appointment
Options:
1 2 3 4
a) D C B A
b) D A B C
c) A B C D
d) D C A B

47. Which of these Indian President died in office?

1. Dr. Rajendra Prasad

2. Dr Zakir Hussain
3. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
4. Dr Radhakrishnan

Options:
A. 1,2
B. 2,3
C. 3,4
D. 1,4

48. Which of these is/are Not a Statutory body?

A. National Human Rights Commission

B. National Commission for Women
C. Central Vigilance Commission
D. Niti Ayog

50
49. Which is Not part of Buddhist Political thought?
A. Divine origin of Kingship/state
B. Theory of two wheels
C. Rejection of caste discrimination
D. Monarchy as preferred rule

50. “I measure the progress of a community by the degree of progress which women have
achieved.” Who said this?
A. Gandhi
B. Ambedkar
C. M.N.Roy
D. Aurobindo

51
 SECTION 2

ANSWER KEYS WITH

ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION

52
 ANSWER KEYS WITH ADDITIONAL INFO

SET 1
CODE DIFFICULTY LEVEL: E- Easy; M- Medium; D- Difficult

Question Answer Difficulty Hint/additional Info

No. Key Level

1. B Medium General Will was the sum total ( not arithmetic but
organic) of true or real will of all; it was always good,
infallible, and for common Good
Real Will: true, virtuous will of higher self
Actual Will: self-interested, empirical will of lower self

2. A Medium • Hobbes
• 1st to give concept of negative liberty
• 1st to modernize the theory of natural law
• unique combination of individualism and
absolutism

3. A Easy 4 causes- the material, the formal, the efficient( Not

effective), and the final- are explanation for any substance

4. C Medium Proportionate equality was given by Aristotle; it meant

equal should be treated equal; also distribution of
wealth/income, honour should be in proportion to merit or
contribution to society.
Proportionate equality was the basis of Distributive Justice

5. C Medium Okin is Feminist and Sandel and McIntyre were

communitarian critic of Rawl’s theory of Justice

6. D Medium Capability approach to Development as freedom was

given by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum

7. A Easy Dahl- Pluralist thinker, wrote-‘ Polyarchy’

53
 Paine- liberal thinker
Hannah Arendt: Wrote against totalitarianism
Harold Laski: Pluralist, left oriented British labour party
leader

8. B Difficult • ‘Why were women enslaved’- by Periyar E. V.

Ramasamy
• By the money got from selling ‘Sthree Dharm Neeti’
Ramabai could got to England for medical education

9. B Difficult Roy as well as Brahmo Samaj do not believe in cycle of

death & birth

10. A Medium • For Savarkar, anyone who consider India as a land of

their ancestors and a holy land belong to the Indian
nation
• His Hindu Rashtra was based on Common 1. Territory
2. Race 3. Culture
• He was 1st to call 1857 revolt ‘The Indian War of
Independence’
• Savarkar wrote in 1923- ‘Hindutva: who is a Hindu?

11. C Medium International relation was not part of it

Kautilya’s Mandala Theory was inter-state politics

12. C M Famous books; remember them

Also remember other books of these thinkers, often asked

13. D M Gandhiji believed in self-governing community, and non-

hierarchical governing structure
He was considered ‘ Philosophical Anarchist’

14. C M He was against western idea of nation-state

15. D M • Gang Plank: given by Henri Fayol

• It denotes direct communication, breaking scaler chain,
between manager of same level

54
16. C E ‘Toward a New Public Administration: The Minnowbrook
Perspective’-1971- Frank Marini
David Osborne and Gaebler Ted’s book ‘ Reinventing
Government’ was crucial in bringing NPM
World bank Report of 1992-‘ Governance and
Development’ gave the concept of Good Governance

17. A E Span of Control- by Fayol in his 14 principles of

Management

18. B M Riggs focused on developing countries of Asia- Thailand,

India, Philippines, etc

19. A M RTI was introduced in India in 2005

Lokpal, in India, was constituted in 2019

20. A E Very famous books on Sustainable Development; must

remember

21. A M Reverse is correct; Sceptics ( those who deny

globalisation) believe that the role of the state is still very
much intact in the present times

22. B M Very famous books of these feminist thinkers

23. D E Only in 20th century, 3rd world countries, became part of

Westphalian State System

24. B E The structure of international politics is anarchic-

Structural or Neo-realism

25. B M Also remember: UNSC Resolution 1373 on terrorism

26. B M Structural Adjustment was as per the ‘Washington

Consensus’- consensus between IMF, WB, and US
treasury on neo-liberal world economic order
Called LPG (Liberalisation, Privatisation, Globalisation)

27. B M Remember the timeline( not exact date) of major cold war
events

28. D D Tunisian Revolution was called ‘ Jasmine Revolution’

55
29. C D There is No permanent Headquarter of G-20

30. B M Very well-known sociological concepts; must remember

31. A M Print capitalism is a theory underlying the concept of a

nation, as a group that forms an imagined community, that
emerges with a common language and discourse that is
generated from the use of the printing press, proliferated
by a capitalist marketplace.
Benedict Anderson Wrote:’ Imagined Communities(1983)’

32. B E Almond & Verba wrote ‘Civic Culture (1963)’

Comparative study of political culture of 5 countries- US,
UK, Germany, Mexico, and Italy (remember this)

33. B D Rostow 5 stages of development: traditional society---

preconditions to Take-off: Take-off---Drive to Maturity---
Age of High Mass consumption

34. C E Must remember these Elite Theories

35. C E Also remember;

From France: Ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity;
Amendment Procedures- South Africa
UK: Single citizenship, Cabinet System, Prerogative writs
;
USA: Judicial review, President Impeachment,
Independence of judiciary

36. C E SC has expanded the scope of FR by expanding the

meaning of Right to life and personal liberty under Article
21
Right to shelter, pollution free air, education, privacy, etc
are now FR under Article 21

37. C D Maximum period for which an Ordinance can remain valid

without being passed by Parliament is 6 months and 6
weeks

38. C E Must remember these and many other important articles

56
39. A M Rem: President resigns to Vice President
All other dignitaries ( in centre) to the President

40. B M Friedrich Hayek and Robert Nozick are Libertarians

41. C M Adam Smith: ‘Wealth of Nation’

Lyotard- rejected Meta-Narratives ( grand stories/narration
of history)

42. A M Post modernism rejects Meta-Narratives

43. C M Leon Trotsky- ‘Permanent Revolution’

Other utopic Socialists: John Ball, Robert Owen(‘New
Harmony’ society), Thomas Müntzer, Thomas More
(‘utopia’), Charles Fourier, etc

44. A M Rebecca Walker- 3rd wave feminism

Rebecca Solnit- 4th wave

45. D M Andhra Pradesh (1953) was the 1st State to be formed on

the basis of Language

46. C M Through 102nd Amendment 2018, Backward class

commission gets the Constitutional status

47. D M Must remember year of formation, top leaders of main

Political parties

48. B D Remember books and quotes ( on Indian Polity) of all

modern thinkers who wrote on Independent India
Morris Jones. Atul Kohli, Asish Nandy, Sunil Khilnani,
Pranab Burdhan, Partha Chatterjee, Paul Brass, Myron
Weiner, Lloyd and Sussane Rudolph, Christophe Jaffrelot,
Gail Omvedt , Rajni Kothari, MN Srinivas, etc.

49. C D No Impeachment for UPSC chairman/member; they are

removed after an enquiry by SC and proved guilty
Impeachment: President, Judges, CAG, CEC

50. C D Rajamannar Committee- Centre-State Relation

57
 ANSWER KEYS WITH ADDITIONAL INFO

SET 2
Q.No. Answer Difficulty Hint/additional Info
Key Level

1. B E • Hobbes provide for absolute sovereignty in his ‘Leviathan’-

the sovereign was above any law
• Hobbes- unique combination of individualism and
absolutism

2. B M Plato: ‘ State is individual writ large’

3. D D • ‘Political Man’- Book by Seymour Martin Lipset

• Lipset was an American sociologist- neoconservative

4. D D • Lexical Priority of Rawl’s principles of Justice:

• 1st Priority- Liberty Principle
• 2nd Priority- Fair Equality of Opportunity principle
• 3rd Priority: Difference principle

5. C M • Machiavelli advised the Prince/King to use religion for

disciplining people and for maintaining their states
• Note: it was instrument view on religion ( just using it )
• He separated politics from Religion

6. C E • Positive Liberty: Plato, Zeno, Kant, Rousseau, Hegel, and

Marx
• Negative Liberty : Hobbes, Mill, Tocqueville, and Constant
• Berlin considered Positive Liberty as slippery slope to
totalitarianism

7. B D • overlapping consensus (Rawl): how people having different

normative values —that entail apparently inconsistent

58
 conceptions of justice—can agree on particular principles of
justice as given by Rawl- Justice as Fairness
• Marx used Proudhon’s phrase by calling Profit as Theft

8. B M Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti(DS-4) was founded by

Kanshi Ram, founder of BSP party

9. C D Title of ‘Raja’ was granted to him by Mughal King Akbar-II

10. A D The four fold programme of Socialist struggle in Lohia’s

Thought comprised of Angrezi Hatao (Banish English), Jati
Todo (Liquidate Caste), Dam Bandho (Fix Price), and
Himalaya Bachao

11. B M Ambedkar Modern Manu because like Manu he gave us moder

law book- our constitution

12. A M Integral Humanism: distinct Hindu cultural concept of

Humanism- rejects individualism, materialism, totalitarianism,
dualism- blend of Hindu Dharma and Gandhian thoughts

13. D M Gopal Krishna Gokhale – Political Guru of Gnadhiji

14. B E • Shamashastry was Librarian in Mysore Oriental Library

• He found the Manuscript in 1905

15. D M Other terms associated with Taylor: Piece rate, functional

foremanship, gang boss, science of work, differential payment,
etc.

16. D M • Chester Bernard- Zone of Indifference

• M.P.Follet: Conflict Resolution
• Marini and waldo were architects of 1st Minnowbrook
conference in 1968, which brought NPA

17. A D • Frank Goodnow: ‘Politics and administration’

• He along with Woodrow Wilson started politics-
administration Dichotomy

59
18. A M Must remember these psychological concepts of organisation

19. C E • Elton Mayo- neo-classical- human approach to

Administration
• Mayo ushered behavioural approach in public
Administration

20. B D James Scott- gave the concept of ‘Infrapolitics’- Sub-altern

groups employ strategies of resistance that go unnoticed by the
dominant groups,

21. A E •5 Global Commons

• High Sea, Deep Ocean, Global Atmosphere, Outer
Space, Antarctica

22. C M • Collective Security is part of UN charter

• Based on the principle of- ‘all for one, one for all’

23. C M India has neither signed NPT nor CTBT- don’t get confused
•Only 3 countries- India, Pakistan, and Israel- have not signed
NPT

24. B D Must remember timeline ( not exact date) of major

Environmental treaties/events

25. A M Note the Gujral Doctrine; frequently asked

26. D E IMF has the mandate to ensure stable monetary and exchange
rate regime for global trade

27. A M BIMSTEC Members: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar,

Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand
Headquarter: Dhaka

28. D D • Jus ad Bellum(right to war)- just cause of war

• Jus in Bello(rights in war)- just behaviour in war

29. D D First UN Peacekeeping operation was in 1956 to address the

Suez Crisis

60
30. A E ‘Imagined Communities- 1993’- Benedict Anderson “nation as
a socially constructed community, imagined by the people who
perceive themselves as part of that group”

31. D M Modernization thinkers: Lucian Pye, David Apter, Edward

Shils, Organski, W.W.Rostow

32. A E • Anthropology was first social science discipline to use

General System Theory, which came out from Biology (
organism as system)
• David Easton- System approach in Comparative Politics
• Mortan Kaplan- System Approach in IR

33. C D Marx used Ricardo’s theory to build his theory of surplus

labour

34. D M Almond used similar concept developed by sociologists Talcott

Parsons to further develop the Structural-Functional approach
in CP

35. B M • AG, CAG, CEC,UPSC, are constitutional institutions as they

are stated in constitution
• Statutory organization: CVC, NHRC, NCW, NGT, etc-
those formed by ACTs passed by Parliament
• Note: Planning commission and Niti Ayog- neither
constitutional nor statutory organization

36. C M Through the PESA Act-1996, Provisions of 73rd amendments

were made applicable to 5th schedule areas

37. D M ✓ How constitutional experts described Indian

constitution-
✓ KC Wheare ( quasi-federal)
✓ Atul Kohli (“weak” and “captured”)
✓ Lloyd and Sussane Rudolph (Bullock Cart Capitalism”;
‘Command and Demand Politics’)
✓ Morris Jones (Bargaining federalism)
✓ Myron Weiner( Politics of Scarcity”)
✓ Partha Chatterjee (Nationalism as Derivative
Discourse)
✓ Pradeep Chhibber (Democracy Without Associations)
✓ Kanchan Chandra (Patronage-Democracy)

61
 ✓ Ivor Jennings (DPSP as pious aspirations)

38. B M Must remember content/subject of all schedule

39. B E Tips: whenever in doubt use ‘6 month/week’ formula for

cracking constitution questions

40. D M 2nd dimension of power- power of agenda setting

‘Power: A Radical View(1974)’ : Steven Lukes

41. B D • Post modernists Reject Meta Narratives

• In fact, Marx conception of historical materialsm is a kind of
Meta Narratives

42. C E •4 Liberal Communitarian Thinkers: Michael Sandel, Michael

Walzer, Charles Taylor, and Alasdair MacIntyre

43. D M In comparison to negative liberty, Positive Liberty is very old

and ancient concept

44. C M • ‘Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings

...(1980)’
By Michel Foucault ( a post-modernist thinker)
• Power produces knowledge, which in turn creates power

45. C E STATE RE-ORGANISATION ACT-1956

• 14 States, 6 UT- 1956
• Gujarat-1960;
• Nagaland -1964
• Punjab, Haryana-1966; Punjab- last state on the basis of
language
• Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura- 1971
• Karnataka- 1973
• Sikkim -1975
• Goa, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram-1987
• Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand- 2000
• Telangana – 2014

62
46. D M Must remember societies, parties, journals, etc. related to great
Indian Political thinker/leaders

47. B M In fact, Hyper technical and strict procedural views are NOT
taken by court in case of PIL

48. C D NRC, NPR, and CAA were in news; know about them

49. C D Once again see the Addl. Info for Q. 37 above; remember them

50. B M R.K.Narayan : when he used his discretion:

• Twice- in 1997 and 1998- returned proposals of cabinet for
imposition of emergency in UP and Bihar respectively
• he set a new precedent whereby it became mandatory for a
person staking a claim to the Prime Minister's office to
produce letters of support from alliance partners.
• Delivered public speeches and interviews not vetted by govt.

63
 ANSWER KEYS WITH ADDITIONAL INFO
SET 3
Q.No. Answer Difficulty Hint/additional Info
Key Level

1. C M Bentham, father of utilitarianism ,was supporter of Legal

Rights
Remember his other quotes:
• Every Law is an infraction of liberty
• It is the greatest happiness of the greatest
number that is a measure of right and wrong-
utilitarianism

2. B M • She was 1st wave thinker, called liberal but

quite radical in her views
• She Wrote ’A Vindication of the Rights of
Woman(1792)’
• Remember her other quote: ‘“I do not wish them
(women) to have power over men; but over
themselves.”

3. D D • structuralist view of the state: Bourgeois state

maintain and continuously re-produce the
capitalist social order
• Instrumentalist view of the state: Bourgeois
state protect and further the interests of the
dominant capitalist class- state can be viewed
as the direct servant of the capitalist or ruling
class
• Louis Althusser was greatest proponent of
Structural Marxism
• The debate between structural and instrumental
Marxists was characterized by the Miliband–
Poulantzas debate between instrumentalist
Ralph Miliband and structuralist Poulantzas

64
4. A M • Cambridge School of the history of political
thought: political thoughts must be interpreted
in their historical context
• Skinner gave the concept of Republican
freedom-freedom as non-dominance

5. D M • Burke was critic of French Revolution

• Dahl wrote ‘ who Governs’ and ‘Polyarchy’ ;
gave most famous definition of power- 1st
dimension of power
• Charles Taylor gave opportunity and exercise
concept of Freedom

6. A D • Rawl, Kant, Rousseau are Social Contract

theorists
• J.S.Mill: ‘Reluctant Democrat’ ; refined
Utilitarianism by differencing higher and lower
pleasure ; supported Proportional
Representation, more values to the votes of
educated wise people; advocated minority
rights; gave the phrase ‘ tyranny of majority’

7. C E • Dworkin wrote’ Sovereign Virtue(2000)’

• Michael Walzer ‘Spheres of Justice(1983)’
• Hegel ‘Philosophy of Right(1820)’
• Immanuel Kant: greatest Enlightenment
philosopher wrote ‘Groundwork of the
Metaphysic of Morals(1785)’

8. C M • The Udasin State was the most powerful, but

distant and not interested in Raja Mandala
• Better remember the names of kings in circle-
Vijigishu, Akranda, Parshnigraha, Akrandsara,
Parshnigrahasara, etc.

9. B M Must remember the great leaders of Hindutva and RSS;

their books, thoughts, and quotes

65
10. D M Gandhiji was critic of modern/western nation-state,
technology, materialistic individualist life, modern
transport, medical and education system

11. A E • Vivekananda: fusion of east & west; Advaitvad

(monotheism), proud in Indian Nation and
civilisation
• Odd fact: his birthday January 12 is celebrated
as ‘National Youth day’

12. C M • Saptanga theory: 7 limbs of state: Swami

Amatyas, Janapada, Durgas, Kosha, Danda,
Mitra- almost common to Manu’s 7 Prakrits of
state
• Jana is included in Janapada

13. B M • Gandhiji, though skeptical of western concept

of nationalism, didn’t consider as menace;
Tagore was completely against Nationalism,
which to him unfree individual soul.
• Tagore was against Gandhiji’s Charkha
program and Khadi; he also opposed non-
cooperation movement

14. D D

15. C M • Fayol’s 14 principles of Management

• Division of Work
• Authority and Responsibility
• Discipline
• Unity of Command
• Unity of Direction
• Subordination of Individual Interest
• Remuneration
• The Degree of Centralization
• Scalar Chain
• Order

66
 • Equity
• Stability of Tenure of Personnel
• Initiative
• Esprit de Corps
He also gave the concept of ‘Gang Plank’ as part
of the scaler chain

16. B M Lack of Public Value, public spiritedness are criticism of

NPM

17. B M •5 core themes of NPA: relevance, values, social equity,

change and client focus

18. A M India primarily adopts line item budgeting in making its

annual budget

19. B M • Public Administration plays major and vital role

in Policy process in India
• Policy implementation- entirely in the domain
of public administration
• Vital role in policy formulation and evaluation.

20. C M • Need to remember major plan, program,

assistance in IR
• Look out for those in news recently

21. C M • Maldives is the richest country among SAARC

nations with highest Per Capita GDP (PPP).
• Nepal is the poorest country among all the
SAARC nations
• Better to know all such facts about the 8
SAARC nations

22. C D • Related IR thinkers

• Martin Wight :International Society or English
School
• Nicholas Onuf: Constructivism
• Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde: Copenhagen
School of non-military security studies

67
 • Herbert Marcuse, Jurgen Habermas, Andrew
Linklater, Erich Fromm: Frankfurt School of
Critical Thinkers

23. C M WTO, IMF, World Bank, UN, etc are Inter-governmental

organizations ( IGOs); hence Not purely Non-State Actors

24. A D Very famous books on globalisation; must remember

25. C D An Agenda for Peace: Preventive diplomacy,

peacemaking and peace-keeping, more commonly known
simply as An Agenda for Peace, is a report written for the
United Nations by Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-
Ghali in 1992

26. C D • Environmental treaties/agreements/Summits-

• Antarctica- 1959- 1st treaty on global
commons
• Stockholm- 1st UN Environmental
convention
• Vianna Convention- 1985, Montreal
Protocol- 1987- for protection of Ozone
layer
• Rio Earth Summit- 1992
• Agenda 21
• Common but Differentiated
Responsibility
• Kyoto Protocol- 1997
• 3rd CoP of UN FCCC
• Legally binding Emission reduction
targets
• Paris Climate Accord- 2015
• CoP 21 of UNFCCC
• Nationally Determined
Contribution(NDC)
• International Solar Alliance ( note its Hq
is in India)
• CoP 26 at Glasgow UK

68
27. A M • Landmark books on IR, must remember
• Morgenthau gave his 6 principles of classical
realism in ‘Politics Among Nations’
• Waltz propounded structural or neo-realism in
his book ‘Theory of International Politics’
• John Mearsheimer is proponent of ‘Offensive
Realism’
• Morton Kaplan is the proponent of’ system
approach’ in IR

28. C M • Woodrow Wilson’s 14 point peace principle

and his proposal for the League of Nation was
influenced by Kant’s ‘Perpetual Peace’ theory.
• Joseph Nye and Robert Keohane are proponents
of ‘Complex Interdependence’ which is core
theme of neo-liberalism

29. A M Immanuel Wallerstein, Andre Gunder Frank belong to the

Dependency School which came up against the US led
modernization and development theories in 1950-60s
Other famous thinkers of dependency school
• Raul Prebisch- founder of Dependency School
• Cardoso- was also Brazilian President
Andre Gunder Frank studied Latin America for his theory
building
Wallerstein, in his world system theory, gave the concept
of ‘Core and Periphery’

30. C D Just mug them up

31. D M anomie is a social condition of Industrial urban society

defined by an uprooting or breakdown of any moral
values, social norms, standards or guidance for
individuals to follow.
• It is kind of atomistic, isolated, normless,
valueless life of individuals in urban/industrial
city.
• August Comte: Founder of Sociology; father of
positivism

69
 • Talcott Parsons: One of the most influential
sociologist of 20th Century; best known for his
social action theory and structural
functionalism.
• Almond took his structural functionalism and
developed it for comparative politics.

32. A M • A Catch-all Party is a political party that aims to

attract people with diverse political
viewpoints/ideologies, appealing to a large
amount of the electorate.
• Such parties do not adhere strictly to any one
ideology.
• All modern large mainstream parties are Catch-
all Party

33. D D • Huntington belonged to thinkers of

modernisation school
• Other thinkers of modernization school: Lucian
Pye, Rostow, Organski, David Apter, Edward
Shils, Gabriel Almond, James Coleman, etc

34. B M Such famous books that hardly any MCQ based exam
misses them; just remember not only names but bit of
what they say.

35. A D Joseph Schumpeter said this in his book ‘Capitalism,

Socialism and Democracy (1942)’
This was criticized as Elitist view of Democracy

36. D M 3 New Institutionalism: Rational Choice, Cultural ,

Structural( or historical) New Institutionalism

37. A M • Division of power between centre and state:

Seventh Schedule
• It contain 3 lists: State( 61 subjects), centre( 100
subjects0, concurrent( 52 subjects)

70
 • 42nd Amendments (1976) transferred 5 subjects
from state to concurrent list; these were
o Education, Forests, Weights & Measures, Protection
of Wild Animals and Birds, Administration of Justice
• Just browse the list of subjects in 3 list- asked in
PG ETs

38. C M • 6th Schedule states: Assam, Meghalaya,

Tripura, and Mizoram.
• They have autonomies district councils for
participating administration of tribal areas
• Governors are given special power for
administration of these areas.
• Note: PRI as per 73rd amendments is not
applicable to these states.

39. D M • Lok Sabha Speaker is the final authority to

certify a bill as money bill
• Rajya Sabha has very limited power vis-à-vis
Lok Sabha in case of the Money Bill

40. C M This was done though 105th Constitutional amendments-

this is the latest amendments

41. A M Distributive justice is part of modern or positive

liberalism, most identified with thinkers such as John
Rawl

42. D E Though radical feminists express such views but

mainstream feminism does not subscribe to such radical
views

43. B D Committee on Panchayati raj Institutions

• Balwant Rai Mehta Committee- 1957- 3 tier PRI
• Ashok Mehta Committee- 1977-2 tier PRI;
constitutional mandate
• G.V.K. Rao Committee- by planning
Commission- 1985- District Planning Committee
• LM Singhvi Committee- 1986-constitutional
mandate

71
 • Sadiq Ali Committee
• P.K.Thungan Committee
• G L Vyas Committee
• K. Santhanam committee: Anti- Corruption Committee

44. A M Books and thoughts of important modern/contemporary

political thinkers on Indian Polity must be remembered.

45. B D • Bhuria Committee : extension of PRI as per

73rd amendments to 5th Schedule area- PESA
Act-1996
• Remember the 3 committee/commission on
centre-state relations

46. D D Must remember landmark cases which changed the course

of Indian Polity, such as these cases

47. B M Better to know such facts and trivia about all Indian
Presidents

48. D M • Niti Ayog as well as its old Avatar Planning

Commission are non-constitutional , non-
statutory bodies
• They are set up just by administrative order-
cabinet resolutions.

49. A M • Buddhism rejects Divine origin of

Kingship/state
• It supports a kind of social contract theory of
origin of state

50. A D • Difficult to pick quotes; you are lucky if get

known quotes in ET
• Just smile on facing such bouncers…yes!

72
 SECTION 3

SELF-ASSESSMENT
&
PREP STRATEGIES

73
 Self-Assessment and Strategy Map
Net Assessment Strategy
Marks
(%)

More than • Wow! you are already in zone. By • Quickly revise UG syllabus, from
50% proper revision and continuous your notes and Pol Sc Help Videos.
practice, you can score more than
• While revising focus more on
70 % in any PG ET.
difficult/complex concept (such as
• You should aim for top overlapping consensus Rawl,
universities/colleges. Go for the Lexical priority of Rawl’s principle
Kill. of Justice) and rare and arbit facts (
such as articles 329, 361, less known
books/authors, less known IR
events, UN operations, regional
organizations, etc.)
• Practice as many PYQs of different
PG ETs as possible- 6 years of
DUET, 3 years of JNUEE, 5 years
of BHU and HCU, 3 Years of Jamia,
and Past year CUCET- from Pol Sc
Help Channel of course !
• From above make a list of most
difficult and arbit MCQs. Try to
expand your study range to crack
such difficult MCQs….
• But be cautious…don’t go too far
away…not required or rather not
worth it; also one may not prepare
for few arbit MCQs.
• Practice PYQs of UGC-NET from
Pol Sc Help- may help to get some
additional marks
• 15 days before- revise daily from
your own notes and mug up all
facts/dates
• May take model test paper for self-
assessment.

74
40 to 50 % • You are almost there… • Once more revise all the UG CBCS
themes/topics- from your own notes
• Your knowledge of UG CBCS
and Pol Sc Help Videos.
themes/topics is good
• Makes Notes of important concepts
• May be lacking practice and
and crucial facts for MCQ purpose
strategy to crack MCQs
• Revise from Pol Sc Help PG ET
• With proper strategy, labour, and
Guide
perseverance can score more than
70% in any PG ET…yes! • Practice as many PYQs of different
PG ETs as possible- 6 years of
DUET, 3 years of JNUEE, 5 years
of BHU and HCU, 3 Years of Jamia,
and Past year CUCET- from Pol Sc
Help Channel
• Update your notes by picking up
concepts and facts from the PYQs
• Identify which is your strong/weak
section- Theory/concepts, WPT,
IPT, CP, PA, IR, Indian Polity
• Strong section- make it perfect by
further practice, updating notes
• Weak Sections- go back to basics;
revise the weak themes/topics,
makes notes, do more practice of
MCQs from those themes/sections.
• 20 Days before the exam do self-
assessment by solving model test
papers.
• Make the list of 1. Oft repeated
MCQ 2. Difficult/arbit MCQs-
browse them at least 5-6 times
• During last 15 days- revise from
notes; browse all the PYQs,
remember facts- books/author,
chronology of IR and national
events, Constitutional articles,
schedules, landmark cases, Acts,
treaties, trivia, etc.

30 to 40 % • No worry, yes ! you will be • Must revise, at least 2-3 times, all
there… the UG CBCS themes/topics- from

75
• With proper strategy and working your own notes (make them if not
out your plan with due diligence, made already) and Pol Sc Help
you will score more than 50 % Videos.
which will see you through for • While revising focus more on most
many universities important concept (such as Rawl
theory of Justice as fairness,
Difference between classical and
modern Liberalism, etc) and most
common facts ( such as articles 324,
356, well known books/authors, well
known known IR events, UN
operations, regional organizations,
etc.)
• Makes Notes of important concepts
and crucial facts for MCQ purpose
• Revise from Pol Sc Help PG ET
Guide
• Practice as many PYQs of different
PG ETs as possible- 6 years of
DUET, 3 years of JNUEE, 5 years
of BHU and HCU, 3 Years of Jamia,
and Past year CUCET- from Pol Sc
Help Channel
• Make the list of 1. Oft repeated
MCQ 2. Difficult/arbit MCQs-
browse them at least 5-6 times
• Update your notes by picking up
concepts and facts from the PYQs
• Identify which is your strong/weak
section- Theory/concepts, WPT,
IPT, CP, PA, IR, Indian Polity
• Strong section- make it perfect by
further practice, updating notes
• Weak Sections- go back to basics;
revise the weak themes/topics,
makes notes, do more practice of
MCQs from those themes/sections.
• 20 Days before the exam do self-
assessment by solving model test
papers.

76
 • During last 15 days- revise from
notes; browse all the PYQs,
remember facts- books/author,
chronology of IR and national
events, Constitutional articles,
schedules, landmark cases, Acts,
treaties, trivia, etc.

Less than • Don’t lose hope…you can still

30% make it…yes! • Go back to the basics. Revise all the
UG CBCS themes/topics- at least 4-
5 times at periodic interval.
• Make your own notes from books
and Pol Sc Help Videos.
• Makes Notes of important concepts
and crucial facts for MCQ purpose
• Revise from Pol Sc Help PG ET
Guide
• While revising focus more on most
important concept (such as Rawl
theory of Justice as fairness,
Difference between classical and
modern Liberalism, etc) and most
common facts ( such as articles 324,
356, well known books/authors, well
known known IR events, UN
• Practice as many PYQs of different
PG ETs as possible- 6 years of
DUET, 3 years of JNUEE, 5 years
of BHU and HCU, 3 Years of Jamia,
and Past year CUCET- from Pol Sc
Help Channel
• Practice them at-least 3 times…yes !
• Make the list of 1. Oft repeated
MCQ 2. Difficult/arbit MCQs-
browse them at least 5-6 times
• Don’t prepare for very difficult and
arbit MCQs…just leave them
• Update your notes by picking up
concepts and facts from the PYQs

77
 • Identify which is your strong/weak
section- Theory/concepts, WPT,
IPT, CP, PA, IR, Indian Polity
• Strong section- make it perfect by
further practice, updating notes
• Weak Sections- go back to basics;
revise the weak themes/topics,
makes notes, do more practice of
MCQs from those themes/sections.
• Revise almost daily from your notes.
• 30 Days before the exam do self-
assessment by solving model test
papers.
• During last 20 days- revise from
notes; browse all the PYQs,
remember facts- books/author,
chronology of IR and national
events, Constitutional articles,
schedules, landmark cases, Acts,
treaties, trivia, etc.
• Be confident, you can do it.

78