2 Laws of Integral Indices
Lesson
Laws of Positive Integral Indices
Worksheet 2.1
Name: _________________________ Class: ___________
WITH GUIDING
Objective: Learn the laws of positive integral indices.
Key Points
If a 0 and both m and n are positive integers, then
(i)
(ii) , where m > n
Let’s Check
Simplify the following expressions. (1 – 6)
1. (a) a5 a12 = _______________ (b) b8 b4 = ___________________
2. (a) 2c2 c3 = _______________ (b) –4d13 7d7 = _______________
3. (a) a7 ÷ a4 = ________________ (b) b5 ÷ b8 = ___________________
4. (a) 2p7 ÷ 8p2 = ______________ (b) 81u4 ÷ (–9u6) = ______________
5. (a) x3 x5 ÷ x = _____________ (b) y3 ÷ y5 y6 = ________________
6. (a) = ______________ (b) = _________________
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
Key Points
If a 0 and both m and n are positive integers, then
Example 1 (Level 1) Let’s Try 1
Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (y6 y4)3 (b) (a) (p2 p7)4 (b)
(c) x9 (x3)4 (c) (h7)3 h8
Solution Solution
(a)
(a)
(b)
(b)
(c)
(c)
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
Key Points
If a, b 0 and n is a positive integer, then
(i)
(ii)
Example 2 (Level 1) Let’s Try 2.1
Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (3m4)2 (a) (4x)3
(b) (x3)6 (b) (–y6)5
(c) (6h2k5)3 (c) (2x3y)4
Solution Solution
(a)
(a)
(b) (b)
Note that
(i)(–1)n = –1 when n is an odd number,
(ii)(–1)n = 1 when n is an even number.
(c) (c)
In general, we have
(abc)n = [(ab)c]n = (ab)ncn = anbncn.
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
Let’s Try 2.2
Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (2x3 x2)4 (Level 1) (b) (–5a2 a5)2 (Level 1)
(c) (p6 pq4)3 (Level 2)
Solution
Simplify the expression inside the brackets first.
(a) (b)
(c)
Example 3 (Level 1) Let’s Try 3.1
Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (b) (a) (b)
(c) (c)
Solution Solution
(a)
(a)
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
(b)
(b)
(c)
(c)
Let’s Try 3.2 (Level 2)
Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (b)
Solution
(a) (b)
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
Example 4 (Level 2) Let’s Try 4
Simplify the following expressions. Simplify the following expressions.
(a) (a)
(b)
(b)
(c)
(c)
Solution
Solution
(a)
(a)
(b)
(b)
(c) (c)
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
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2 Laws of Integral Indices
Example 5 (Level 2) Let’s Try 5
Given that n is a positive integer, simplify the Given that n is a positive integer, simplify the
following expressions. following expressions.
(a) (a)
(b) (b)
Solution Solution
(a) (a)
Express 25n as a power of base 5 first.
(b) (b)
Note that 32 = 25 and 4 = 22, so express 32 and
43n + 1 as powers with the same base 2 first.
Let’s try the Consolidation Corner on page 2.10 of
the textbook.
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