Writing - Process (Unit 2)
The diagram below shows the process of making soft cheese. Summarise
the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
The given flow chart illustrates (1) the linear production of making soft cheese.
In general, it can be seen that the process is comprised of five main stages, (2)
each of which requires a specific temperature and different duration, (3)
commencing with the blend of ingredients and culminating with the final
product all set to be consumed.
In the first stage, two main ingredients, namely milk and fresh water, are well
combined in a mixer. Then, the (4) resulting mixture is ready for the second
step in which it is stored in a specific cooling equipment to be blended and chilled
at 5 Celsius degrees at the same time. After 2 hours, (5) salt is added to the
mixture before being heated constantly for a six-hour time span to allow for
fermentation.
(6)The fourth stage involves letting off steam via evaporation using more
heat, which is up to 100 Celsius degrees. As a result of an 8-hour evaporation,
steam is released through an outlet, and the mixture becomes a thicker liquid. In
the second last stage, the compound is conveyed to be chilled again at 5 Celsius
degrees for 6 hours while the wastewater is drained out. In the final stage, there
is another filtration step to (7) refine any impurities to produce the final soft
cheese.
- the linear production of : chuỗi sự sự việc liên tiếp
- each of which requires a specific temperature and different duration:
mỗi bước yêu cầu nhiệt độ cụ thể, thời gian khác nhau.
- commencing (with) : bắt đầu = starting with
- Culminate (with) : kết thúc
→ Starting with….and ending with…., beginning with….and fishing with……
→ resulting mixture = a resulting compound = a resulting combination: hỗn
hợp trước đó.
- letting off steam : bốc hơi, làm nguôi đi
- Via = by
- Constantly (liên tục) for a six-hour time span (khoảng thời gian) to
allow for fermentation (quá trình lên men).
(5) salt is added to the mixture before being heated constantly for a six-hour time span
to allow for fermentation.
A + to be + added to + {sth/the mixture} + before + Ved/p2 + {for time} + to
allow for + {next step}
Ex: (Cát sẽ được thêm vào hỗn hợp trước khi được đun nóng liên tục ở
nhiệt độ 1500 độ C trong lò thủy tinh để tạo hình cho giai đoạn tiếp theo).
→ Sand is added to the mixture before being heated constantly at a temperature of
1500 Celius degrees in a glass furnace to allow for the next stage of shaping.
→ Honey and flour are added to the mixture before being heated constantly at a
temperature of 100 Celius degrees to allow for the fermentation.
- (7) refine (loại bỏ) any impurities (tạp chất, cặn bã) to produce the final
soft cheese
→ Refine any impurities = remove unwanted substances = remove any impurities =
refine any residue = eliminate any residue.
(Khi trong bài xuất hiện các từ như là filter, clean, purify)
Phần đầu: The given flow chart illustrates (1) the linear production of
making soft cheese.
→ The given flow chart illustrates = show = describe
Manufacturing process = man-made process
Natural process = life cycle of….(vòng đời or vòng/quá trình tuần hoàn)
The production of making = the process of making
Overall = in general:
1. There are + {số bước} + main stages (steps) in the process/ in the process of
producing….., beginning with……and ending with……
2. The…..involve + {số bước} + main steps/stages beginning with +….+and finishing
with +…..
3. This flow chart provides an overview of……
Body:
Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly,... Finally
Once/When….
Before/ After….
Followed by……
BTVN: ĐỌC VÀ XEM LẠI BÀI ĐỂ HÔM SAU LÀM BÀI TẬP
BTTT: trả kết quả speaking + làm bài tập và viết hoàn chỉnh writting.
Exercise 1:Fill in the blanks with the given words.
The picture below shows the recycling process of wasted glass bottles.
The given diagram indicates (1) the linear recycling of used glass bottles.
In general, it can be seen that there are three main stages in this process, (2)
commencing with the collection of used bottles, and (3)culminating with newly
recycled bottles used for storing drinks to be sold in supermarkets.
At the first stage of the process, glass bottles are used by customers and
gathered at a collection point before being delivered to a cleaning plant by a
truck. The second stage involves (4)the cleaning stage where the bottles are
washed with high-pressure water to (5) refine any impuritie, and classification
step in which they are sorted based on their colour (green, brown and clear).
After that, the bottles are broken down into pieces in a glass factory and melted
at (6) a specific temperature and duration in a furnace to form a liquid. The (7)
resulting liquid glass is then mixed with new liquid glass before (8)being poured
into a mould to form new glass bottles.
During the final stage of the process, the recycled bottles are filled and
packaged, and then transported to supermarkets to be sold.
Exercise 2. Rewrite sentences using given words and structures in
the brackets. The diagram gives information about how ethanol
fuel is produced from corn. => The diagram shows the way of
producing/making/creating ethanol fuel from corn.
1. The given chart illustrates the process of producing ethanol from
corn. ( the linear production of)
→ The diagram shows the linear production of ethanol fuel
from corn.
2. Overall, it can be seen that there are approximately 9 steps in the
process, starting from the collection of corn from the field, and
culminating with pure ethanol, ready to be transported and sold.
( require a specific temperature and different duration/ commencing
with... culminating with)
→ Overall, there are ̣̣nine main steps in this process, each of
which require a specific temperature and different duration,
commencing with the collection of corn from the field, and
culminating with pure ethanol, ready to be transported and
sold.
3. First, corn is collected and then put into a storage room.
(collection/ storage)
→ In the first stage, the collection corn is put into a storage
room.
4. The corn is then milled and cooked with water for around 4 hours.
( milled into powder/ mixed with water/ allow for the next step/cook/
time span of 4 hours)
→ Then, corn is milled into powder before being mixed with water to
allow for the next step of cooking for a time span of four hours.
5. Next, it is fermented for 48 hours. (Once/ resulting mixture/
undergo/ process of fermentation/ take/ 48 hours)
→ Once the resulting mixture is cooked, it undergoes a process of
fermentation which takes 48 hours to complete.
6. Next, the fermented product is separated to acquire the liquid
from the solids. ( afterwards/ put though a process which)
→ Afterwards, the fermented product is put through a process which
acquires the liquid from the solids.
7. The liquid then needs to be purified for 5 hours, while the solid
material ends up being a useful by-product of the
process. (to eliminate any residue/ take 5 hours)
→ The liquid is then purified to eliminate any residue, this process
took 5 hours, while the solid material ends up being a useful by-
product of the process
8. After the liquid has been purified, it can then be stored and
shipped to gas stations. ( ready to be sold and consumed).
→ At the last step of the process, the resulting liquid has been purified
and shipped to gas stations,ready to be sold and consumed.
Exercise 3. Write a full report on the following process.
The diagram gives information about the process of making
carbonated drinks. = soft drink
Stg 1: water cleaning: raw water -filter→ water softener + chemical→
pump→st2
St2: heating evaporation and carbonation→ electric heater→ cooling pipe
–. Carbon dioxide → st3
St3: mixing tank ( colouring-syrup-flavour)--> filter→ st4
St4: filtering and filing→ bottles and cans→
St5: packaging ship to supermarket
- Dùng thì hiện tại đơn để viết
Intro: Paraphrase
- Gives information about = describes = illustrates = shows
- Carbonated drink = soft drink.
Overall = In general
- 5 stages
- Commencing with…., culminating twith….
Body
B1:
- Linking words: with, before, then
- In the first stage of the process,......
- A + to be + added to + {sth/the mixture} + before + Ved/p2 + {for time} +
to allow for + {next step}
- resulting mixture = a resulting compound = a resulting combination
- Package into boxes
- Transport = deliver to ….
- Flavour = sweetener
- Run through a cooling pile,...
- Cấu trúc cần khuyến khích sử dụng: bị động, câu ghép và câu có mệnh đề
quan hệ.
The diagram shows the linear production of soft drinks.
Overall, there are five stages in the process, commencing with preparing with
the water for drink, and culminating with the packaging and delivery of the
finished product.
At the first stage of the process, raw water is filtered before softener and other
chemicals are added to it. Once the water has been processed, it is turned to
stage 2, where it undergoes evaporation and carbonation. In this stage, the
water is heated and runs through a cooling pile before carbon dioxide is
added to allow for the next step.
In the third stage, the carbon dioxide water is put into the mixing tank, where it is
mixed/ combined with colouring, flavouring and syrup. And then, the resulting
mixture is filtered for a second time before being filled into bottles and cans. At
the last step of the process, soft drinks are packaged into boxes and to
supermarket.transported to supermarkets where they are ready to be sold/
used/ consumed.
In the third stage, the carbon dioxide water is put into the mixing tank = the third
stage of the process involves putting carbonated water into the mixing tank,....
