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Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
21st Century
Literature from
the Philippines
and the World
Philippine Literary History
Quarter 1- Week 1
Module 1
Most Essential Learning Competency:
• Identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of
Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to the
contemporary period.
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you
while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the
objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances learning that
is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!
PARTS OF THE MODULE
• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the lessons in
the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered
throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and skills did
you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction - This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Discussion - This section provides a short discussion of the lesson. This aims to help
you discover and understand new concepts and skills.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.
• Check your understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module.
0
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Lesson
Philippine Literary History
EXPECTATIONS
You will discuss Philippine Literary History.
Specifically, this module will help you to
• identify the Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to the contemporary
period.
• appreciate literary writers and their works through a change analysis.
Direction: Perfect Matching. Match the correct period or era with the correct
description. Draw a line to match Column A to Column B.
Column A Column B
Philippine Period/ Era Description
1. Pre Colonial Period A. It is period were Filipino
experienced four (4) years of hunger,
insecurity, and terror.
2. Spanish Period B. It is a period of dictatorship.
3. American Period C. It is a period where the Philippines is divided by
Barangay and ruled by Raja or Datu.
4. Japanese Period D. It is a period were thomasites
served as the first Filipino
teachers.
5. Martial Law Period E. It is a period where Christianity flourished.
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LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
Literature, in its broadest sense, is any written work.
Etymologically, the term derives from
Latin litaritura/litteratura “writing formed with letters,” although
some definitions include spoken or sung texts. More restrictively, it
is writing that possesses literary merit. Literature can be classified
according to whether it is fiction or non-fiction and whether it is poetry
or prose. It can be further distinguished according to major forms such
as the novel, short story or drama, and works are often categorized
according to historical periods or their adherence to certain aesthetic
features or expectations (genre).
Direction. Based on the definition above, create a graphic organizer which
features your own understanding of literature and its forms. You may
complete any of the following graphic organizers below or you may create your
own.
Definition Major Forms
Definition
_______
Literature ________
Major _______
Forms ________
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
2
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Philippine literature is a collection of Filipino experiences express in a
creative way which has progress with our historical experience. This lesson
will help us remember, enjoy and analyze our literary heritage.
DISCUSSIONS
Philippine literature from the pre-colonial to the contemporary period.
Period Literary Authors Examples of Theme
Genre Literary Works
Precolonial Riddle, Any members Guman Literary
Literature Proverbs, of the (Subanon); contents
(BC to 1564) Chants, community Darangen during this
Includes all Myths, can be a poet, (Maranao); period were
kinds of Folks singer, or a Hudhud (Ifugao); about the
literature Songs, storyteller as Lam-ang
produced by long as he knew creation of
Epic (Ilocano),
our native the language the world,
Hinilawod
ancestor before and conventions origin of
(Sulod),
any of the forms. things, daily
Kudaman
colonization. Literature was life
passed down (Palawan),
experiences,
through and events
storytelling from within the
one person to community.
another.
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Philippine Christian Francisco Ang Mahal na The literature
Literature Doctrines, Baltazar Pasyon ni Jesu during the
during Senakulo, (1788- Cristong early period
Spanish Pasyon, 1862) Panginoon natin contained
Awit, religious
Colonization
Komedya, Florante at Laura doctrines,
(1565 to 1898)
Prose Francisco
Includes all and Christian
Narratives, Baltazar
kinds and European
Grammar (1788-
of literature Tradition. As
Dictionarie 1862) Ninay
produced the
s
during the revolutionar y
Pedro Paterno period arise
Spanish
(1857-1911) Noli Me Tangere propaganda
colonizatio
n. and
Jose P. Rizal Naangawan A revolutionar y
Cablaaw (A literature
Leona Rather sprung up.
Florentino Humorous
(1849-1884) Greeting)
Philippine Poetry, Short Paz Marquez Dead Star Writers
Literature Story, Benitez (1894- explored a lot
Publications, 1983) of subjects
during
Drama but the theme
American Zoilo M. A Child of Sorrow of love and
Colonization Galang (1895- youth persist.
(1898 to 1959) They had also
1940) acquired
Fernando Moonlight on mastery of
Includes all
Maramang Manila Bay English
kinds of (1893- writing.
literature 1936)
produced
during the Jose Garcia Footnote to Youth
American Villa (1908-
colonization. 1997)
Philippine Haiku, Macario Suyuan sa Tubigan The theme
Literature Tanaga, Pineda (1912- during this
Filipino 1950) period was
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during Drama Narciso Lupang Tinubuan nationalism,
Japanese Reyes (1914- life in the
1996) barrio, faith,
Colonization
love, religion,
(1941 to Liwayway Canal de la Reina and arts.
1945) Arceo (1924-
Includes all 1999)
kinds of
literature N.V.M. Lunsod Nayon
Gonzales
produced
(1915-1999)
during the
Japanese
colonization.
Philippine Protest Ponciano Ang Mangingisda A theme such
Literature on Literature, Pineda(1927 as patience,
Proletarian - 2009) native culture,
the 20th customs, the
Literature,
Century Prison Malaya beauty of
Aniceto
nature, and
(1972-1985) Literature, Silvestre
surroundings
Includes all Cicumvention (1998-1983 are used for
kinds of Literature poems.
literature Bienvenido Realities about
Ramos May Tibok and exploitation
produced Puso ng Lupa
during the (1934- and injustice
2012) were also
Martial Law
prevalent.
Jose Y.
Dalisay Soledad’s Sister
(Born 1954)
Philippine t.comCarlo J. Panday Writers this
PoetryCaparas period look
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Gilda Olvidado Sinasamba Kita back and get
from (Free ideas and
Literature on Form), Fiction works, Bob Ong ABNKKBSNPLAko?! inspiration
the 21st from the
Theses,
Century Genevive L. Lumabay ng Dila previous
Comic, ebooks
(2001-Present) Asenso writers, they
Includes all use the past
as a tool for
kinds of the future.
literature Technology
produced in also gives a
the 21st great impact
Century. on the writers’
imagination.
ACTIVITIES
A. Direction: Creating Images or Symbols. Create images or symbols to
represent or describe the six (6) literary periods in the Philippines.
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B. Direction: Strengths and Weaknesses. Identify the strengths and weaknesses of each
literary period.
LITERARY PERIOD STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
Precolonial Literary Period
Spanish Colonial Literary Period
American Colonial Literary Period
Japanese Colonial Literary Period
20th Century (Martial Law)
Literary Period
21st Century Literary Period
REMEMBER
• Precolonial Literary Period also known as the era of oral literature. Literature
spread during this period through word of mouth pass from generations to
other generations.
• During Spanish Colonial Literary Period literary works are greatly influenced
by Spanish teaching or Christian doctrines.
• English as a medium of writing widely flourished during the American
Literary Period.
• Throughout the Japanese Literary Period publications were military censored.
• Under the Martial Law literature produced were about exploitation and
injustice.
• While during the 21st Century Literary Period writers used unconventional
techniques in writing.
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Direction: Give the dominant changes that Philippine Literature experience
over the years.
POST TEST
Direction: Change Analysis. Analyze how the changes you mentioned
above affected the literary work of the Filipino writer
CHANGES ANALYSIS
LITERARY CHARACTERISTI
PERIOD CS
Precolonial
Literary Period
Spanish Colonial
Literary Period
American
Colonial
Literary Period
Japanese
Colonial Literary
Period
20th Century
(Martial Law)
Literary Period
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21th Century
Literary Period
7
REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing the chart below.
I thought…
What were your thoughts or ideas
about the features of effective
communication prior to the
discussion of this lesson?
I learned that…
What new or additional ideas did
you learn after taking up this
lesson?
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REFERENCES
Books
Lumbera, Bienvenido, & Lumbera, Cynthia Nograles, PHILIPPINE LITERATURE A History and
Anthology, 2005, Anvil Publishing Inc.
Martin, Maria Gabriela P., Guevarra, Alona U., Del Campo, Emar Ivery, ENGLISH
COMMUNICATION ARTS AND SKILLS Beyond Borders, Reading Literature in the
21st Century, 2016, The Phoenix Publishing House
Fronoza, Wenifreda R., De Guia, Lani G., & Bautista, Richard R., The Philippines, and the
World 21st Century Literature, 2017, Trinitas Publishing Inc.
Online Sources
Article
Galang, Anne, Academia. Edu, (no date), Philippine Literature History Timeline,
June 22, 2020, https://www.academia.edu/35300896/Philippine_Timeline
Website
21st Century Literature in Various Region, Quipper,
https://link.quipper.com/en/organizations/5d881286abc487056500000c/curricu
lum#curriculum
Acknowledgements
Writer: Rubylin M. Lunar
Editor: John Paulo Q. Herrera, MTII (Language and Content) Reviewer:
Vicente M. Victorio Jr. - EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim-Schools Division
Superintendent-Manila, Aida H. Rondilla-Chief Education Supervisor
Lucky S. Carpio-EPS and Lady Hannah C. Gillo, Librarian II-LRMS
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ANSWER SHEET
in 21st Century Literature form the Philippines and the World
Quarter 1- Module No.: 1 - Week No.: 1 – Lesson 1 Philippine Literary History
Name ____________________________________________ Grade and Section ___________
School: ______________________ Date: _____________ Subj. Teacher: _______________
General Direction: Write all your answers here. Detach and submit this part to your
teacher upon his/her direction which usually given after you have completed this
module.
PRE-TEST:
Direction: Perfect Matching. Match the correct period or era with the correct
description. Draw a line to match Column A to Column B.
Column A Column B
Philippine Period/ Era Description
1. Pre Colonial Period A. It is period were Filipino experienced four (4) years of
hunger, insecurity, and terror.
2. Spanish Period B. It is a period of dictatorship.
3. American Period C. It is a period where the Philippines is divided by Barangay
and ruled by Raja or Datu.
4. Japanese Period D. It is a period were thomasites served as the first Filipino
teachers.
5. Martial Law Period E. It is a period where Christianity
flourished.
Looking Back to Your Lesson:
Graphic Organizer:
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Activities:
A. Direction: Creating Images or Symbols. Create images or symbols to represent
or describe the six (6) literary periods in the Philippines.
B. Direction: Strengths and Weaknesses. Identify the strengths and weaknesses
of each literary period.
LITERARY PERIOD STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
Precolonial Literary Period
Spanish Colonial Literary Period
American Colonial Literary Period
Japanese Colonial Literary Period
20th Century (Martial Law)
Literary Period
21th Century Literary Period
12
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Check Your Understanding:
Direction: Give the dominant changes that Philippine Literature experience over the
years.
POST-TEST:
Direction: Change Analysis. Analyze how the changes you mentioned above affected
the literary work of the Filipino writer
CHARACTERISTICS CHANGES ANALYSIS
LITERARY
PERIOD
Precolonial
Literary Period
Spanish Colonial
Literary Period
American
Colonial Literary
Period
Japanese Colonial
Literary Period
20th Century
(Martial Law)
Literary Period
21th Century
Literary Period
13
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