ALRIGHT!
LINUX TUTORIAL
60 INTERVIEW
QUESTIONS
Part - I
Linux Basics
SSH File Permissions
Automation Services Networking
Redirection Process
System Monitoring
Linux Basics:
Ques: 1
What is the use of echo command?
Ques: 1
What is the use of echo command?
echo is a command that outputs the strings that are passed to it
as arguments.
echo "Hello World!"
Ques: 2
How to check the computer name or hostname in Linux?
Ques: 2
How to check the computer name or hostname in Linux?
Using 'hostname' command
Ques: 3
How to check the current user in Linux terminal?
Ques: 3
How to check the name of current user in Linux terminal?
whoami
Ques: 4
How to check your current path/directory you are working in?
Ques: 4
How to check your current path/directory you are working in?
pwd
Ques: 5
Explain the difference between relative and absolute path?
Ques: 5
Explain the difference between relative and absolute path?
Relative path: Start from current working directory
Absolute path: The full path to a file or directory
Ques: 6
Which command to be used to create a file in Linux?
Ques: 6
Which command to be used to create a file in Linux?
touch
vi
vim
nano...
Ques: 7
How will you edit an existing file on a Linux server?
Ques: 7
How will you edit an existing file on a Linux server?
Using vi, vim, nano etc
Ques: 8
How to rename a file in Linux?
Ques: 8
How to rename a file in Linux?
Using mv command
Ques: 9
How to search for a string in a file?
Ques: 9
How to search for a string in a file?
Using grep command
Ques: 10
Difference between grep and egrep?
Ques: 10
Difference between grep and egrep?
In egrep, you can search for more than one strings at same time
egrep "key1|key2|key4"
Ques: 11
How can you read a file without using cat command?
Ques: 11
How can you read a file without using cat command?
Using less, more, vi command
Ques: 12
What is the advantage of using less command?
Ques: 12
What is the advantage of using less command?
We can easily read big files.
Forward and backward search is easy.
Navigation from top to bottom is easy.
Ques: 13
How to check a file's permission?
Ques: 13
How to check a file's permission?
ls -l
ll
getfacl file_name
Ques: 14
How to check the IP of your Linux server?
Ques: 14
How to check the IP of your Linux server?
ifconfig
ip addr
Ques: 15
How to read the top 5 lines in a file?
Ques: 15
How to read the top 5 lines in a file?
head -5 file_name
Ques: 16
How to read the last 5 lines in a file?
Ques: 16
How to read the last 5 lines in a file?
tail -5 file_name
Ques: 17
How to list hidden files?
Ques: 17
How to list hidden files?
ls -la
Ques: 18
How to see all the recently used commands?
Ques: 18
How to see all the recently used commands?
history
Ques: 19
What is root?
Ques: 19
What is root?
Admin or super user
/root home directory for root user
/ root directory
Ques: 20
What is inode and how to find it for a file?
Ques: 20
What is inode and how to find it for a file?
ls -li
inode is an index node. It serves as a unique identifier for a
specific piece of metadata on a given filesystem
Ques: 21
Which command can you use for finding files on a Linux system?
Ques: 21
Which command can you use for finding files on a Linux system?
using find and locate command
Ques: 22
Command for counting words and lines?
Ques: 22
Command for counting words and lines?
wc
wc -l
Ques: 23
How can you combine two commands? or What is pipe used for?
Ques: 23
How can you combine two commands? or What is pipe used for?
We can combine two commands using |
ex: command1 | command2
Pipe is used to combine two commands and redirect output of command1
to command2
Ques: 24
How to view the difference between two files?
Ques: 24
How to view the difference between two files?
diff file1 file2
Ques: 25
What is the use of the shred command do? (permanently delete a file
which is unable to recover)
Ques: 25
What is the use of the shred command do? (permanently delete a file
which is unable to recover)
shred -u file_name
shred --remove file_name
Ques: 26
How to check system architecture info?
Ques: 26
How to check system architecture info?
dmidecode and lscpu
Ques: 27
How to combine two files?
Ques: 27
How to combine two files?
cat file1 file2
cat file1 file2 > file3
Ques: 28
How can you find the type of file?
Ques: 28
How can you find the type of file?
file file_name
Ques: 29
How to sort the content of a file?
Ques: 29
How to sort the content of a file?
sort file_name
cat file_name | sort
Ques: 30
Different ways to access a Linux server remotely (from a Windows
machine)?
Ques: 30
Different ways to access a Linux server remotely (from a Windows
machine)?
Using some tools and terminal like
putty
git bash
cmd
File Permissions:
Ques: 31
What are different types of permissions for a file in Linux?
Ques: 31
What are different types of permissions for a file in Linux?
Read (r)
Write (w)
Executable (x)
Ques: 32
How to check the permissions given to a file?
Ques: 32
How to check the permissions given to a file?
ls -l
ll
getfacl file_name
Ques: 33
Which permission allow a user to run an executable file (script)
Ques: 33
Which permission allow a user to run an executable file (script)
We need to provide executable (x) permission to the user.
Redirection:
Ques: 34
How to write the output of a command into a file?
Ques: 34
How to write the output of a command into a file?
command > file_name
Ques: 35
How to write something in a file without deleting the existing
content?
Ques: 35
How to write something in a file without deleting the existing
content?
We can append the file using >>
Ques: 36
How to redirect an error of a command into a file?
Ques: 36
How to redirect an error of a command into a file?
To redirect an error we need to use 2>
To redirect both error and output, 2>&1
Automation:
Ques: 37
How to Automate any task or script?
Ques: 37
How to Automate any task or script?
Using cron jobs
For which we have crontab and at command.
Ques: 38
How to check scheduled jobs?
Ques: 38
How to check scheduled jobs?
crontab -l
Ques: 39
What is the meaning of this cron job? * * * * *
Ques: 39
What is the meaning of this cron job? * * * * *
Ques: 40
If your cron job didn't work, how would you check?
Ques: 40
If your cron job didn't work, how would you check?
check system time,
crontab entry,
check /var/log/messages
Services:
Ques: 41
What is daemon service?
Ques: 41
What is daemon service?
Service that keep running in background.
Example: httpd, sshd, chronyd
Ques: 42
How to check if a service is running or not?
Ques: 42
How to check if a service is running or not?
systemctl status service_name
Ques: 43
How to start/stop any service?
Ques: 43
How to start/stop any service?
systemctl start service_name
systemctl stop service_name
System Monitoring:
Ques: 44
How to check for free disk space?
Ques: 44
How to check for free disk space?
We can use df command
Ques: 45
How to check the size of a directory's content?
Ques: 45
How to check the size of a directory's content?
We can use du command
Ques: 46
How to check CPU usage for a process?
Ques: 46
How to check CPU usage for a process?
We can use top command
Process:
Ques: 47
What is a process in Linux?
Ques: 47
What is a process in Linux?
An instance of a running program.
Whenever you start a program/application or execute a command, a process is
created.
For every process a unique no. is assigned which is called PID (Process ID)
Ques: 48
How to check if a process/application is running or not?
Ques: 48
How to check if a process/application is running or not?
Using ps command
Ques: 49
How to terminate/stop a running process?
Ques: 49
How to terminate/stop a running process?
Using kill command
Ques: 50
Difference between kill and kill -9
kill -9 will terminate a program forcefully
Networking:
Ques: 51
How to check if a IP/Server is accessible or not?
Ques: 51
How to check if a IP/Server is accessible or not?
We can use ping or telnet command
Ques: 52
Which command to use to get info about ports?
Ques: 52
Which command to use to get info about ports?
We can use netstat command
Ques: 53
How to check open port on Linux system?
Ques: 53
How to check open port on Linux system?
netstat putan | grep port_no
Ques: 54
How to check network interfaces in Linux?
Ques: 54
How to check network interfaces in Linux?
We can use ifconfig and netstat command
Ques: 55
Difference between Telnet and SSH?
Ques: 55
Difference between Telnet and SSH?
SSH is secured and telnet is not.
SSH:
Ques: 56
Which service should be running on server to allow you to connect
remotely?
Ques: 56
Which service should be running on server to allow you to connect
remotely?
ssh or sshd
Ques: 57
What is SSH?
Ques: 57
What is SSH?
SSH or Secure Shell is a
network communication protocol that enables two computers/devices to
communicate and share data.
Ques: 58
Why it is called as Secure Shell?
Ques: 58
Why it is called as Secure Shell?
Because communication between host and client will be in encrypted format.
Ques: 59
WHat id default port for SSH?
Ques: 59
WHat id default port for SSH?
22
Ques: 60
Which command is used to access a linux system from a terminal or
another linux server?
Ques: 60
Which command is used to access a linux system from a terminal or
another linux server?
ssh user@198.168.x.x
Archive:
If you want to transfer a large file (10GB) remotely, what would be
the first thing you will do?
Difference between tar, gzip and gunzip
