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Data Assignment 1

The document discusses different types of linked lists including singly linked lists, doubly linked lists and circular linked lists. It provides C++ implementations for each with functions to insert, delete and search nodes. The time complexity of each function is also specified.

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Rafay Naveed
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44 views13 pages

Data Assignment 1

The document discusses different types of linked lists including singly linked lists, doubly linked lists and circular linked lists. It provides C++ implementations for each with functions to insert, delete and search nodes. The time complexity of each function is also specified.

Uploaded by

Rafay Naveed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question 1

1. T(n) = 3n^2 + 1000n + 360


o Dominant term: 3n^2
o Big O notation: O(n^2)
2. T(n) = 120n + 4n log(n) + 3
o Dominant term: 4n log(n)
o Big O notation: O(n log(n))
3. T(n) = 50 log(n) + 0.3 log(n)^2 + 25
o Dominant term: log(n)^2
o Big O notation: O(log(n)^2)
4. T(n) = 30n^2 + 45n! + 66
o Dominant term: 45n!
o Big O notation: O(n!)
5. T(n) = n log(n) + 15 log(n)^2 + 4
o Dominant term: 15 log(n)^2
o Big O notation: O(log(n)^2)

Question 2
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Node
{
int data;
Node* next;
Node(int val) : data(val), next(NULL) {}
};
class LinkedList
{
private:
Node* head = NULL;
public:

void insertNodeAtBeginning(int data) // Worst-case complexity: O(1)


{
Node* newNode = new Node(data);
newNode->next = head;
head = newNode;
}
void insertNodeInMiddle(int data, int key) // Worst-case complexity: O(n)
{
Node* newNode = new Node(data);
Node* temp = head;
while (temp != NULL && temp->data != key)
{
temp = temp->next;
}
if (temp != NULL)
{
newNode->next = temp->next;
temp->next = newNode;
}
}
void insertNodeAtEnd(int data) // Worst-case complexity: O(n)
{
Node* newNode = new Node(data);
if (head == NULL)
{
head = newNode;
}
else {
Node* temp = head;
while (temp->next != NULL)
{
temp = temp->next;
}
temp->next = newNode;
}
}
bool deleteFirstNode() // Worst-case complexity: O(1)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
return false;
}
Node* temp = head;
head = head->next;
delete temp;
return true;
}
bool deleteNode(int key) // Worst-case complexity: O(n)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
return false;
}
if (head->data == key)
{
Node* temp = head;
head = head->next;
delete temp;
return true;
}
Node* prev = head;
Node* curr = head->next;
while (curr != NULL && curr->data != key)
{
prev = curr;
curr = curr->next;
}
if (curr != NULL)
{
prev->next = curr->next;
delete curr;
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool deleteLastNode() // Worst-case complexity: O(n)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
return false;
}
if (head->next == NULL)
{
delete head;
head = NULL;
return true;
}
Node* prev = NULL;
Node* curr = head;
while (curr->next != NULL)
{
prev = curr;
curr = curr->next;
}
delete curr;
prev->next = NULL;
return true;
}
void display() // Worst-case complexity: O(n)
{
Node* temp = head;
while (temp != NULL)
{
cout << temp->data << " ";
temp = temp->next;
}
cout <<endl;
}
bool search(int data) // Worst-case complexity: O(n)
{
Node* temp = head;
while (temp != NULL)
{
if (temp->data == data)
{
return true;
}
temp = temp->next;
}
return false;
}
};

int main()
{
LinkedList list;
list.insertNodeAtBeginning(1);
list.insertNodeAtEnd(4);
list.insertNodeInMiddle(2, 1);
list.display();
list.deleteNode(2);
list.display();

system("pause");
return 0;
}

Question 3
Doubly linked list:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Node
{
int data;
Node* prev;
Node* next;
};
class DoublyLinkedList
{
private:

Node* head = NULL;

public:

void insertNodeAtBeginning(int data) // Time Complexity: O(1)


{
Node* newNode = new Node();
newNode->data = data;
newNode->prev = NULL;
newNode->next = head;
if (head != NULL)
{
head->prev = newNode;
}
head = newNode;
}
void insertNodeInMiddle(int data, int key) // Time Complexity: O(n)
{
Node* newNode = new Node();
newNode->data = data;
Node* current = head;
while (current != NULL && current->data != key)
{
current = current->next;
}
if (current != NULL)
{
newNode->prev = current;
newNode->next = current->next;
if (current->next != NULL)
{
current->next->prev = newNode;
}
current->next = newNode;
}
}
void insertNodeAtEnd(int data) // Time Complexity: O(n)
{
Node* newNode = new Node();
newNode->data = data;
newNode->next = NULL;
if (head == NULL)
{
newNode->prev = NULL;
head = newNode;
return;
}
Node* last = head;
while (last->next != NULL)
{
last = last->next;
}
last->next = newNode;
newNode->prev = last;
}
// Time Complexity: O(1)
bool deleteFirstNode()
{
if (head == NULL)
{
return false;
}
Node* temp = head;
head = head->next;
if (head != NULL)
{
head->prev = NULL;
}
delete temp;
return true;
}
bool deleteNode(int key) // Time Complexity: O(n)
{
Node* current = head;
while (current != NULL && current->data != key)
{
current = current->next;
}
if (current == NULL)
{
return false;
}
if (current->prev != NULL)
{
current->prev->next = current->next;
}
else
{
head = current->next;
}
if (current->next != NULL)
{
current->next->prev = current->prev;
}
delete current;
return true;
}
bool deleteLastNode() // Time Complexity: O(n)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
return false;
}
Node* last = head;
while (last->next != NULL)
{
last = last->next;
}
if (last->prev != NULL)
{
last->prev->next = NULL;
}
else
{
head = NULL;
}
delete last;
return true;
}
void display() // Time Complexity: O(n)
{
Node* current = head;
while (current != NULL)
{
cout << current->data << " ";
current = current->next;
}
cout << endl;
}
bool search(int data) // Time Complexity: O(n)
{
Node* current = head;
while (current != NULL)
{
if (current->data == data)
{
return true;
}
current = current->next;
}
return false;
}
};

int main()
{
DoublyLinkedList dll;
dll.insertNodeAtBeginning(1);
dll.insertNodeAtEnd(3);
dll.insertNodeInMiddle(2, 1);
dll.display();

dll.deleteNode(2);
dll.display();

system("pause");
return 0;
}

Circular linked list:


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Node
{
int data;
Node* next;
};
class LinkedList
{
private:
Node* head = NULL;
public:

void insertNodeAtBeginning(int data)


{
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = data;
if (head == NULL)
{
head = newNode;
newNode->next = head;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
while (temp->next != head)
{
temp = temp->next;
}
temp->next = newNode;
newNode->next = head;
head = newNode;
}
}
void insertNodeInMiddle(int data, int key)
{
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = data;
if (head == NULL)
{
head = newNode;
newNode->next = head;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
while (temp->data != key && temp->next != head)
{
temp = temp->next;
}
if (temp->data == key)
{
Node* nextNode = temp->next;
temp->next = newNode;
newNode->next = nextNode;
}
else
{
cout << "Key not found in the LinkedList." << endl;
}
}
}
void insertNodeAtEnd(int data)
{
Node* newNode = new Node;
newNode->data = data;
if (head == NULL)
{
head = newNode;
newNode->next = head;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
while (temp->next != head)
{
temp = temp->next;
}
temp->next = newNode;
newNode->next = head;
}
}
bool deleteFirstNode()
{
if (head == NULL)
{
cout << "LinkedList is empty." << endl;
return false;
}
else {
Node* temp = head;
if (temp->next == head)
{
delete temp;
head = NULL;
}
else
{
Node* lastNode = head;
while (lastNode->next != head)
{
lastNode = lastNode->next;
}
head = temp->next;
lastNode->next = head;
delete temp;
}
return true;
}
}
bool deleteNode(int key)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
cout << "LinkedList is empty." << endl;
return false;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
Node* prev = NULL;
while (temp->data != key && temp->next != head)
{
prev = temp;
temp = temp->next;
}
if (temp->data == key)
{
if (temp == head)
{
deleteFirstNode();
}
else
{
prev->next = temp->next;
delete temp;
}
return true;
}
else
{
cout << "Key not found in the LinkedList." << endl;
return false;
}
}
}
bool deleteLastNode()
{
if (head == NULL)
{
cout << "LinkedList is empty." << endl;
return false;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
Node* prev = NULL;
while (temp->next != head)
{
prev = temp;
temp = temp->next;
}
if (temp == head)
{
deleteFirstNode();
}
else
{
prev->next = head;
delete temp;
}
return true;
}
}
void display()
{
if (head == NULL)
{
cout << "LinkedList is empty." << endl;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
do
{
cout << temp->data << " ";
temp = temp->next;
} while (temp != head);
cout << endl;
}
}
bool search(int data)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
cout << "LinkedList is empty." << endl;
return false;
}
else
{
Node* temp = head;
do {
if (temp->data == data)
{
cout << "Data found in the LinkedList." << endl;
return true;
}
temp = temp->next;
} while (temp != head);
cout << "Data not found in the LinkedList." << endl;
return false;
}
}
};
int main()
{
LinkedList list;
list.insertNodeAtBeginning(10);
list.insertNodeAtEnd(20);
list.insertNodeInMiddle(15, 10);
list.display();
list.deleteNode(20);
list.display();
list.search(15);
list.search(30);

system("pause");
return 0;
}

Question:4
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Node
{
public:
int data;
Node* next;
Node(int value) : data(value), next(nullptr) {}
};
class LinkedList
{
public:
Node* head;
LinkedList() : head(nullptr) {}

void insertAtStart(int value)


{
Node* newNode = new Node(value);
newNode->next = head;
head = newNode;
}
void display()
{
Node* current = head;
while (current != nullptr)
{
cout << current->data << " ";
current = current->next;
}
cout << endl;
}
Node* merge(Node* left, Node* right)
{
Node* result = nullptr;

if (left == nullptr) return right;


if (right == nullptr) return left;

if (left->data <= right->data)


{
result = left;
result->next = merge(left->next, right);
}
else
{
result = right;
result->next = merge(left, right->next);
}
return result;
}
void mergeSort()
{
head = mergeSort(head);
}
Node* mergeSort(Node* head)
{
if (head == nullptr || head->next == nullptr) return head;

Node* mid = nullptr;


Node* temp = head;

while (temp != nullptr && temp->next != nullptr)


{
mid = (mid == nullptr) ? temp : mid->next;
temp = temp->next->next;
}
Node* right = mid->next;
mid->next = nullptr;

Node* leftSorted = mergeSort(head);


Node* rightSorted = mergeSort(right);

return merge(leftSorted, rightSorted);


}
};
int main()
{
LinkedList list;
list.insertAtStart(3);
list.insertAtStart(7);
list.insertAtStart(1);
list.insertAtStart(5);
list.insertAtStart(4);

cout << "Before sorting: ";


list.display();

list.mergeSort();

cout << "After sorting: ";


list.display();
system("pause");
return 0;
}

Question:5
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Node {
int data;
Node* next;
};
class CircularLinkedList
{
private:
Node* head;

public:
CircularLinkedList() : head(nullptr) {}

void insert(int value)


{
Node* newNode = new Node();
newNode->data = value;

if (head == nullptr)
{
newNode->next = newNode;
head = newNode;
}
else
{
newNode->next = head->next;
head->next = newNode;
head = newNode;
}
}
void shift(int n)
{
if (head == nullptr)
{
return;
}
while (n < 0)
{
n += 1;
head = head->next;
}
while (n > 0)
{
n -= 1;
Node* current = head;
while (current->next != head)
{
current = current->next;
}
head = current;
}
}
void display()
{
if (head == nullptr)
{
cout << "Circular Linked List is empty" << endl;
return;
}
Node* current = head;
do {
cout << current->data << " ";
current = current->next;
} while (current != head);
cout << endl;
}
};

int main()
{
CircularLinkedList list;

list.insert(1);
list.insert(2);
list.insert(3);
list.insert(4);
list.insert(5);
cout << "Circular Linked List before shifting: ";
list.display();

list.shift(2);
cout << "Circular Linked List after shifting: ";
list.display();

system("pause");
return 0;
}

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