khz;l;Nghh;l; gs;sp> Re;juelg;G> rptfq;if.

tFg;G :10
tpdh tpilfs;
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,ay;: 1. md;id nkhopNa !
ghtyNuW ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;.
1. jkpod;idia tho;j;Jtjw;fhd fhuzq;fshfg; ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; $Wtd
ahit?
moF jkpo;
“md;id nkhopNa! mofhh;e;j nre;jkpNo!
Kd;idf;Fk; Kd;Nd Kfpo;j;j eWq;fdpNa!”
 md;id nkhopNa!mofha; mike;j nre;jkpNo!
 goikf;Fk; goikaha;j; Njhd;wpa eWq;fdpNa>
 fly; nfhz;l Fkupf; fz;lj;jpy; epiyj;J epd;W murhz;l kz;Zyfg; NguuNr!
 ghz;ba kd;ddpd; kfNs!
 jpUf;Fwspd; ngUikf;FupatNs!
 gj;Jg;ghl;Nl!vl;Lj;njhifNa! gjpndz; fPo;f;fzf;Nf!
 epiyj;j rpyg;gjpfhuNk! mofhd kzpNkfiyNa! ck;ik jiygzpe;J
tho;j;JfpNwhk.;
2. jkpo;nkhopapd; nrg;ghpa ngUikfisg; ngUQ;rpj;judhh; vt;thW $Wfpwhh;?
ngUik kpf;f jkpo;
“nre;jhkiuj; Njidf; Fbj;Jr; rpwfhh;e;j
me;Jk;gp ghLk; mJNghy ahk;ghb”
 nrOik kpf;f jkpNo! eP vkf;Faph;!!
 nrhy;Yjw;Fhpa epd; ngUikfis vd;Dila jkpo; ehf;F vt;thW
tphpj;Jiuf;Fk;? vd;W Mrphpah; tpaf;fpd;whh;.
NkYk;
 gok;ngUikAk; jdf;nfdj; jdpr; rpwg;Gk; ,yf;fpa tsKk; nfhz;l jkpNo!
 tpaf;fj;jf;f cd; ePz;l epiyj;j jd;ikAk>;
 Ntw;W nkhopahh; cd;idg; gw;wp ciuj;j GfOiuAk;> vkf;Fs; gw;Wzh;it
vOg;Gfpd;wd.
 tz;lhdJ nre;jhkiuj; Njidf; Fbj;Jr; rpwfirj;Jg; ghLk;.
 mJNghd;Nw ehq;fs; cd;idr; Ritj;J>
 cs;sj;jpy; fdy; %s> cd; ngUikia Koq;Ffpd;Nwhk;.
3. ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; - Mrphpah; Fwpg;G tiuf.
 ngah; :ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh;
 ,aw;ngah; :Jiu. khzpf;fk;
 ngw;Nwhh; :Jiurhkp> FQ;rk;khs;
 fhyk; :10.03.1933 - 11.06.1995
  Ch; :Nryk; - rKj;jpuk;
 ,aw;wpa E}y;fs; :fdpr;rhW> Iia> nfha;ahf;fdp> ghtpaf;nfhj;J>
gs;spg;gwitfs;> E}whrphpak;> cyfpay; E}W>
vz;Rit vz;gJ > kfGFtQ;rp
 vOjpa ciuE}y; :jpUf;Fws; nka;g;nghUSiu>
 elj;jpa ,jo;fs; :njd;nkhop> jkpo;r;rpl;L>
 rpwg;G : ,tuJ E}y;fs; ehl;Lilikahf;fg;gl;ld.

,ul;Lw nkhopjy;
re;jf;ftpkzp jkpoofdhh;
1. re;jf;ftpkzp jkpoofdhh; - Fwpg;G tiuf.
 ngah; :re;jf;ftpkzp jkpoofdhh;
 ,aw;ngah; :rz;KfRe;juk;
 fhyk; :21.04.1921- 02.10.2015
 Ch; :J}j;Jf;Fb
 ngw;Nwhh; :NtY - ts;spak;ik
 ngw;w tpUJ :ghujpjhrd; tpUJ> jkpo;f;fhtyu; tpUJ> ftpkhkzp>
re;jf;ftpkzp
 rpwg;G : gd;dpuz;L rpw;wpyf;fpa E}y;fisg; gilj;Js;shh;.
2. jkpoofdhh; jkpioAk; fliyAk; ,ul;LwnkhopAk; ghq;fpid tpsf;Ff.
ghly; jkpo; fly;
Kj;jkpo; ,ay;> ,ir> ehlfk; Kj;jpid mkpo;e;J vLj;jy;
Mfpa Kj;jkpo;

Kr;rq;fk; Kjy;> ,il> fil %d;W tifahd rq;Ffs; jUjy;

Mfpa Kr;rq;fk; (ntz;rq;F>ryQ;ryk;>ghQ;rrd;ak;)

nkj;j tzpfyd; Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; kpFjpahd tzpff; fg;gy;fs;

(nkj;j+mzpfyd;) rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy
rPtfrpe;jhkzp. tisahgjp>
Fz;lyNfrp.

rq;fj;jth; fhf;f rq;fg; Gyth;fs; ghJfhj;jik rq;fpidf; fhj;jy;

,t;thW jkpoofdhh; jkpioAk; fliyAk; ,ul;Lw nkhopfpd;whh;.

jkpo;r;nrhy; tsk;
NjtNeag; ghthzh;.
1. jhtuj;jpd; mb tiffisg; gw;wpAk; fpisg;gphpTfisg; gw;wpAk; ghthzh;
$Wk; fUj;Jfs; ahit?
jhtuj;jpd; mb tiffs;:
jhs; : ney;> Nfo;tuF Kjypatw;wpd; mb
jz;L : fPiu> thio Kjypatw;wpd; mb
Nfhy; : nel;b> kpsfha;r;nrb Kjypatw;wpd; mb
J}W : Fj;Jr;nrb>Gjh; Kjtpatw;wpd; mb
jl;L my;yJ jl;il: fk;G> Nrhsk; Kjypatw;wpd; mb
fop : fUk;gpd; mb
fio : %q;fpypd; mb
mb : Gsp> Ntk;G Kjypatw;wpd; mb
jhtuq;fspd; fpisg;gpupTfs;:
fit : mb kuj;jpdpd;W gphpAk; khngUk; fpis
nfhk;G my;yJ nfhg;G: fitapd; gphpT
fpis : nfhk;gpd; gphpT
rpid : fpisapd; gphpT
Nghj;J : rpidapd; gphpT
Fr;R : Nghj;jpd; gphpT
,Zf;F : Fr;rpapd; gphpT
2. fha;e;j jhtuj;jpd; gFjpfSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs; gw;wpAk; ,iy tiffs; gw;wpAk;
Mrpupah; $Wk; fUj;Jfs; ahit?
fha;e;j jhtuj;jpd; gFjpfSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
Rs;sp : fha;e;j Fr;R
tpwF : fha;e;j rpWfpis
ntq;fop: fha;e;j fop
fl;il : fha;e;j nfhk;Gk; fitAk; mbAk;.
jhtuq;fspd; ,iy tiffisf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
,iy: Gsp> Ntk;G Kjypatw;wpd; ,iy
jhs; : ney;> Gy; “ “
Njhif: Nrhsk;> fUk;G “ “
Xiy : njd;id> gid “ “
rz;L : fha;e;j jhSk; NjhifAk;
rUF : fha;e;j ,iy
3. jhtuj;jpd; nfhOe;J tifg; gw;wpAk;> G+tpd; epiyfisf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fs; gw;wpAk;
vOJf.
jhtuj;jpd; Edpg;gFjpfisf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
Jsph; my;yJ jsph; : ney;> Gy; Kjypatw;wpd; nfhOe;J
Kwp my;yJ nfhOe;J : Gsp> Ntk;G “ “
FUj;J : Nrhsk;> fUk;G> njd;id> gid “ “
nfhOe;jhil : fUk;gpd; Edpg;gFjp
G+tpd; epiyfisf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
mUk;G : G+tpd; Njhw;wepiy
NghJ : G+ tphpaj; njhlq;Fk; epiy
kyh; : G+tpd; kyh;e;j epiy
tP : kuQ;nrbapdpd;W G+ fPNo tpOe;j epiy
 nrk;ky; : G+ thbd epiy

4. jhtuj;jpd; gpQ;R tiffSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs; gw;wpAk;> Fiy

tiffisf; Fwpg;gjw;fhd nrhw;fs; gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gpLf.
jhtuj;jpd; gpQ;R tiffSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
G+k;gpQ;R : G+NthL $ba ,sk;gpQ;R
gpQ;R : ,sk; fha;
tL : khk;gpQ;R
%R : gyhg;gpQ;R
ft;it : vs;gpQ;R
FUk;ig : njd;id>gid Kjypatw;wpd; ,sk;gpQ;R
Kl;Lf; FUk;ig : rpW FUk;ig
,sePh; : Kw;whj Njq;fha;
Eoha; : ,sk;ghf;F
fUf;fy; : ,sney;
fr;ry; : thiog;gpQ;R
jhtuq;fspd; Fiy tiffisf; Fwpg;gjw;fhd nrhw;fs;
nfhj;J : mtiu> Jtiu Kjypatw;wpd; Fiy
Fiy : nfhb> Ke;jphp Nghd;wtw;wpd; “
jhW : thiof; Fiy
fjph; : Nfo;tuF> Nrhsk; Kjypatw;wpd; fjph;
myF my;yJ Fuy; : ney;> jpid “ “
rPg;G : thioj; jhw;wpd; gFjp
5. nfl;Lg;Nghd fha;fdpfSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs; gw;wpAk;> goj;Njhy;
tiffSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs; gw;wpAk; vOJf.
nfl;Lg;Nghd fhaf;;Fk; fdpf;Fk; jhtuj;jpw;Nfw;g toq;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
#k;gy;: Edpapy; RUq;fpa fha;
rptpay;: RUq;fpa gok;
nrhj;ij: GOG+r;rp mupj;j fha; my;yJ fdp
ntk;gy;: #l;bdhy; gOj;j gpQ;R
mspay;: FSFSj;j gok;
mOfy;: FSFSj;j ehwpa gok; my;yJ fha;
nrhz;L: gjuha;g; Nghd kpsfha;
Nfhl;lhd;fha; my;yJ $iff;fha;: Nfhl;lhd; cl;fhh;e;jjpdhy; nfl;lfha;
Njiuf;fha;: Njiu mkh;e;jjpdhy; nfl;lfha;
my;ypf;fha;: Njiu mkh;e;jjpdhy; nfl;l Njq;fha;
xy;ypf;fha;: njd;idapy; nfl;lfha;
goq;fspd; Nkw;gFjpapidf; Fwpf;f toq;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
njhyp :kpf nky;ypaJ
Njhy; :jpz;zkhdJ
NjhL :td;ikahdJ
FLf;if :Riuapd;XL
kl;il :Njq;fha; new;wpd; Nkw;gFjp
 ckp :ney;> fk;G Kjypatw;wpd; %b
nfhk;ik :tuF> Nfo;tuF Kjypatw;wpd; ckp
6. kzp tiffSf;F(jhdpak;)toq;Fk; nrhw;fisAk;> ,sk; gaph;
tiffSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fisak; vOJf.
jhdpaq;fSf;F toq;Fk; nrhw;fs;:
$yk;: ney;> Gy;(fk;G) Kjypa jhdpaq;fs;
gaW: mtiu> cSe;J Kjypait
fliy: Nth;f;fliy> nfhz;lf;fliy Kjypait
tpij: fj;jhp> kpsfha; Kjypatw;wpd; tpj;;J
fho; : Gsp> fhQ;rpiu “ “
Kj;J: Ntk;G> Mkzf;F “ “
nfhl;il: kh> gid “ “
Njq;fha;: njd;idapd; tpj;J
Kjpiu :mtiu> Jtiu Kjypa gaWfs;
jhtuq;fspd; ,sk; gUtj;jpw;fhd nrhw;fs;
ehw;W: ney;> fj;jhp Kjypatw;wpd; ,sepiy
fd;W: kh> Gsp> thio “ “
FUj;J: thioapd; ,sepiy
gps;is: njd;idapd; “
Fl;b : tpshtpd; “
klyp my;yJ tlyp: gidapd; ,sepiy
igq;$o;: ney;> Nrhsk; Kjypatw;;wpd; gRk; gaph;
7. jkpo;ehL vj;Jidg; nghUs;tsKilaJ vd;gijAk; ehl;bd; tsj;jpw;Nfw;wgbNa
kf;fspd; mwpnthOf;fq;fSk; Nkk;gLk; vd;gij tpsf;Ff.
nghUs; tsKila jkpo;ehL
 xU nkhop nghJ kf;fshYk;> ,yf;fpa Gy kf;fshYk; mikag;ngWk;.
 jkpo;g; nghJkf;fs; cah;e;j gFj;jwpTilath;. Vnddpy;> Mq;fpy nkhopapy;
,iyiaf; Fwpf;f leaf vd;w xNu nrhy;Ny cs;sJ. Mdhy;> ,iyapd; td;ik>
nkd;ikj; jd;ikapd; mbg;gilapy; jhs>; ,iy> Xiy> Njhif vdj; jkpoh;fs;
ghFghL nra;jJ Nghy; NtW vtUk; nra;jhhpy;iy.
 gpw ehl;bYs;s $yq;fistpl jkpo; ehl;bYs;s jhdpaq;fs; gytifg;gl;lit.
v.fh 1. NfhJik tif
rk;ghf;NfhJik
Fz;Lf;NfhJik
thw;NfhJik
2. ney; tif(jkpo; ehL)
nre;ney;
ntz;nzy;
fhh;ney;
rk;gh
kl;il
fhh;
 rk;gh- (60 cs;tiffs;)
Mtpuk;G+r;rk;gh
Midf;nfhk;gd; rk;gh
Fz;Lr;rk;gh
Fjpiuthypr;rk;gh
rpWkzpr;rk;gh
rPufr;rk;gh
rpW $yq;fs;
tuF
fhilf;fz;zp
Fjpiuthyp
,itfs; midj;Jk; ,d;Wk; njd;dhl;bNyNa tpisfpd;wd.
ehl;L tsNk kf;fs; eyk;
 ehl;bd; jdpg;ngUk; tsj;jpdhNy> gz;ilj; jkpoh;fspd; ehfhpfj;ij mwpayhk;.
 jpUe;jpa kf;fis kw;w caphpdpd;Wk;> ehfhpfj;ij mse;jwptjw;Fk; nkhopNa
rpwe;j top.
 nghUis $h;e;J Nehf;fp Ez;nghUl; nrhw;fis mikj;Jf;nfhs;tJ> jkpo;g;
nghJkf;fisad;wp vtUkpy;iy.
 ,jid Nehf;Fk; NghJ xU ehl;bd; tsj;jpw;Nfw;gNt kf;fspd;
mwpnthOf;fq;fSk; mike;jpUf;Fk; vd;gJ njspthfpwJ.