Contents
Foreword iii
Preface v
Chapter 1 : Computer System 1
1.1 Introduction to Computer System 1
1.2 Evolution of Computer 3
1.3 Computer Memory 5
1.4 Data Transfer between Memory and CPU 7
1.5 Microprocessors 8
1.6 Data and Information 10
1.7 Software 14
1.8 Operating System 20
Chapter 2 : Encoding Schemes and Number System 27
2.1 Introduction 27
2.2 Number System 30
2.3 Conversion between Number Systems 34
Chapter 3 : Emerging Trends 45
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI) 45
3.3 Big Data 49
3.4 Internet of Things (IoT) 51
3.5 Cloud Computing 53
3.6 Grid Computing 55
3.7 Blockchains 56
Chapter 4 : Introduction to Problem Solving 61
4.1 Introduction 61
4.2 Steps for Problem Solving 62
4.3 Algorithm 64
4.4 Representation of Algorithms 65
4.5 Flow of Control 70
4.6 Verifying Algorithms 77
4.7 Comparison of Algorithm 79
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4.8 Coding 80
4.9 Decomposition 81
Chapter 5 : Getting Started with Python 87
5.1 Introduction to Python 87
5.2 Python Keywords 90
5.3 Identifiers 91
5.4 Variables 91
5.5 Comments 92
5.6 Everything is an Object 93
5.7 Data Types 94
5.8 Operators 99
5.9 Expressions 104
5.10 Statement 106
5.11 Input and Output 107
5.12 Type Conversion 108
5.13 Debugging 112
Chapter 6 : Flow of Control 121
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Selection 122
6.3 Indentation 126
6.4 Repetition 127
6.5 Break and Continue Statement 132
6.6 Nested Loops 136
Chapter 7 : Functions 143
7.1 Introduction 143
7.2 Functions 145
7.3 User Defined Functions 146
7.4 Scope of a Variable 158
7.5 Python Standard Library 160
Chapter 8 : Strings 175
8.1 Introduction 175
8.2 Strings 175
8.3 String Operations 177
8.4 Traversing a String 180
8.5 String Methods and Built-in Functions 180
8.6 Handling Strings 184
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Chapter 9 : Lists 189
9.1 Introduction to List 189
9.2 List Operations 190
9.3 Traversing a List 192
9.4 List Methods and Built-in Functions 193
9.5 Nested Lists 195
9.6 Copying Lists 196
9.7 List as Arguments to Function 197
9.8 List Manipulation 199
Chapter 10 : Tuples and Dictionaries 207
10.1 Introduction to Tuples 207
10.2 Tuple Operations 209
10.3 Tuple Methods and Built-in Functions 211
10.4 Tuple Assignment 212
10.5 Nested Tuples 213
10.6 Tuple Handling 213
10.7 Introduction to Dictionaries 215
10.8 Dictionaries are Mutable 216
10.9 Dictionary Operations 217
10.10 Traversing a Dictionary 217
10.11 Dictionary Methods and Built-in functions 218
10.12 Manipulating Dictionaries 219
Chapter 11 : Societal Impact 229
11.1 Introduction 229
11.2 Digital Footprints 229
11.3 Digital Society and Netizen 231
11.4 Data Protection 235
11.5 Cyber Crime 239
11.6 Indian Information Technology Act (IT Act) 242
11.7 Impact on Health 242
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