Chapter#2
Persian Greek and Roman civilization
Tick the correct answer:
1. The Persian empire was founded in 550 BCE by
b.Cyrus the great
2. The Colosseum was a huge amphitheatre in the centre of
a.Rome
3. Olympic games revived in the late.
c.19th century
4. Plato's academy was like a
d.School
5. In 431 BCE award broke out between Athens and
d.Spartans
Give short answers to the following questions.
Q#1. Who was Cyrus the great in Persian civilization?
Cyrus the Great was the founder of Persian civilization.
Q#2. When did Alexander the Great began his conquest of the Persian empire?
Alexander the Great begin his conquest of Persian empire in 334 BCE.
Q#3. What is meant by the term agora in ancient Greece civilization?
Aghora was a central market place in ancient Greek Civilization.
Q#4. Write the names of two main cities of Greece.
Athens Sparta were the two main cities of Greece.
Q#5. What are Olympic games?
Olympic games are athletic festivals that are originated in ancient Greece.
Write the answer of the following in detail:
Q#1. Analyse the formation of the Persian Greek and Roman civilization.
Persian Civilization
It began around 550 BCE with Cyrus the Great, who united different groups in Iran and expanded his
empire.
Greek Civilization
It started around 800 BCE from small city-states like Athens and Sparta, influenced by earlier cultures.
Roman Civilization
It started in the 8th century BCE as a small city on the Tiber River, grew through wars and alliances into a
large empire.
Q#2. Describe the social and political activities of the Persian Greek and Roman people.
Persian Civilization
They had kings, nobles, priests, and common people. Men had more rights than women.
Centralized rule by kings, with provinces governed by satraps.
Greek Civilization
They valued citizenship, education, and public participation. Men had more freedom than women.
Slavery was common.
Different city-states had different governments, including democracy in Athens.
Roman Civilization
They had rich, commoners, and slaves. Family was important, and men had more power.
It started as a republic, then became an empire ruled by emperors.
Q#3. Write a note on relation between Greeks and Romans.
Romans were deeply influenced by Greek culture.They adopt their art, literature, and philosophy.
Despite conquering Greek city-states, the Romans continued to admire Greek achievements. Greek
language and education remained prestigious in Roman life. While there were conflicts between the two
civilizations, they also traded and shared ideas.
Q#4. Who was Alexander the Great? Enlist three significant victories of him.
Alexander the Great was a powerful king from Macedonia.
Three significant victories of Alexander:
1.Battle of Granicus: Alexander won his first major victory against the Persian Empire
2. Siege of Tyre: Alexander successfully besieged the island city of Tyre.
3. Battle of Gaugamela:Alexander defeated the Persian king Darius III at Gaugamela
Q#5. How did Rome develop into a Republic describe.
Rome became a Republic when its people decided to share power among themselves, rather than
having one person rule everything. They elected leaders called consuls to make decisions and represent
them. This system allowed more people to have a say in how Rome was governed.
Q#6. Compare the architecture of Persian Greeks and Romans.
Persian architecture was known for its grand palaces like Persepolis.Greek architecture focused on
elegant temples, like the Parthenon. Roman architecture blended both, featuring arches, domes, and
grand structures like the Colosseum for entertainment.
