Unix Example
[1] awk programming and running
$ cp ../unix300/example.awk .
$ cp ../unix300/data.txt .
$ cat example.awk
BEGIN {
num = 0; a[2] =0 ; a[3] = 0
}
{
print $0
sum=0
for ( i=2 ; i<=NF ; i++ ) {
sum += $i
a[i] += $i
}
printf("%s : sum %d avg is %.2f \n", $1, sum, sum/(NF-1))
num++
}
END {
for ( i=2 ; i<=4 ; i++ ) {
printf "%d th sum %d average %.2f \n", i, a[i], a[i]/NR
}
}
$ cat data.txt
smith 90 80 70
junho 50 90 55
khlee 60 80 70
chulsu 60 60 60
abc 90 30 70
suhan 90 96 99
$ awk -f example.awk data.txt
$ cat daat.txt | awk -f example.awk // same
[2] Periodic job schedule
Log in as a root
$ EDITOR=vi
$ export EDITOR
$ crontab -l
$ crontab -e
40 11 * * 3 /usr/sbin/poweroff
-> save and exit
[3] One time job schedule
$ data
$ tty -> terminal is like /dev/pts/3
$ at 11:30
at> banner Hi | write root pts/3
at> ^d
$ atq
[4] Shell script example #1
$ cat hello.sh
id
pwd
ls -sCF
echo "user is $USER shell is $SHELL"
echo Today is `date`
$ sh hello.sh
$ chmod +x hello.sh
$ hello.sh
$ ./hello.sh
$ echo $PATH
$ PATH=$PATH:.
$ hello.sh
[5] shell script with arguments
$ cat args.sh
echo you are now running program : $0
echo The value of the 1st argument is : $1
echo The value of the 2nd argument is : $2
echo The value of the 3rd argument is : $3
echo The value of the 4th argument is : $4
echo The value of the 5th argument is : $5
echo The number of argument is : $#
echo All argument is : $*
echo 'What is $@ : ' $@
shift
echo after shift
echo The value of the 1st argument is : $1
echo The value of the 2nd argument is : $2
echo The value of the 3rd argument is : $3
$ sh args.sh 1 2 3 4 5
[6] shell script operation
$ cat comp.sh
#!/bin/sh
/usr/ucb/echo -n "Please input two numbers : "
read num1 num2
echo "$num1 + $num2 = \c"
expr $num1 + $num2
echo "$num1 - $num2 = \c"
expr $num1 - $num2
echo "$num1 * $num2 = \c"
expr $num1 \* $num2
echo "$num1 % $num2 = \c"
expr $num1 / $num2
[7] for loop example 1
$ cat for1.sh
for x in 1 2 3 4 5
do
echo "2 * $x is ∖c"
expr $x ∖* 2
done
[8] for loop example 2
$ cat for2.sh
read num
for x in num
do
echo "2 * $x is ∖c"
expr $x ∖* 2
done
[9] for loop example 3
$ cat for3.sh
for x
do
echo "2 * $x is ∖c"
expr $x ∖* 2
done
$ for3.sh 1 3 5 7 9
[10] If condition example 1
$ cat if1.sh
/usr/ucb/echo -n 'enter a number: '
read num
if [ $num -lt 10 ]
then
echo The number is less than 10
fi
echo bye
[11] If condition example 2
$ cat if2.sh
/usr/ucb/echo -n 'enter a number: '
read num
if test $num -gt 10
then
echo The number is greater than 10
else
echo The number is less than 10
fi
echo bye
[11] case example
$ cat case.sh
/usr/ucb/echo -n 'enter a number: '
read num
case $num in
1 | a )
echo The number is greater than 10
pwd
;;
“2” | “b” )
echo The number is less than 10
ls –ld .
;;
* )
echo The number is less than 10
;;
esac
echo bye
[11] function example
$ cat fun1.sh
#!/bin/sh
Repeat () {
echo “I don\’t know $1 $2 \c”
return 7
}
Repeat Your Name
echo $?
exit 3
$ fun1.sh
I don’t know Your Name
7
$ echo $?
3
[12] Number guess example
$ cat numguess.sh
#!/bin/sh
num=`perl -e 'print (sprintf("%.0f",rand(99)) + 1);'`
k=0
echo "Input a number between 0 to 99 : \c"
while [ $num -ne 999 ]
do
read i
if [ $i -eq $num ]
then
echo Congratulations~ You guessed it~
break
else
if [ $i -gt $num ]
then
echo "Input more smaller number : \c"
else
echo "Input more larger number : \c"
fi
k=`expr $k + 1`
fi
done
echo "You dit it $k times"
[10] file test example
$ cat if1.sh
if [ -d $1 ]
then
echo The file $1 is a directory
ls –ld $1
fi
if [ -x $1 ]
then
echo The file $1 cab be executed
ls –ld $1
fi
echo bye
[12] backup procedure
At comunix.snut.ac.kr
$ mkdir mydir
$ echo hi > mydir/hi.txt
$ tar cvf mydir.tar mydir
$ compress mydir.tar
$ ftp 10.10.54.75
Login using id/passwd
ftp> bi
ftp> put mydir.tar.Z
ftp > quit
$ telnet 10.10.54.75
Login using id/passwd
$ uncompress mydir.tar.Z
$ tar xvf mydir.tar
[13] programming with make utility
$ cat main.c
#include "io.h"
void main() {
printf("I'm in main\n");
sub1();
sub2();
printf("I'm in main\n");
}
$ cat sub1.c
#include "io.h"
void sub1() {
printf("I'm in sub1\n");
}
$ cat sub2.c
#include "io.h"
void sub2() {
printf("I'm in sub2\n");
}
$ cat io.h
#include <stdio.h>
void sub1();
void sub2();
$ cat makefile
maketest : main.o sub1.o sub2.o
cc -o maketest main.o sub1.o sub2.o
main.o : main.c io.h
cc -c main.c
sub1.o : sub1.c io.h
cc -c sub1.c
sub2.o : sub2.c io.h
cc -c sub2.c
$ make
$ make -f makefile
$ cc -o maketest main.c sub1.c sub2.c
[14] DOS batch example
c:\tmp> copy con ls.bat
dir %*
^z
c:\> ls
c:\> ls c:\
[15] DOS batch for loop example
c:\tmp> type for1.bat
@echo off
FOR /L %%i IN (1,1,3) DO (
FOR /L %%j IN (1 1 3) DO (
echo i = %%i, j = %%j
)
)
c:\tmp> for1
i = 1, j = 1
i = 1, j = 2
i = 1, j = 3
i = 2, j = 1
i = 2, j = 2
i = 2, j = 3
i = 3, j = 1
i = 3, j = 2
i = 3, j = 3
[16] shell initialization file
$ cd
$ vi .profile
-> add following
EDITOR=vi
export EDITOR
stty erase [Control + V][Back Space Key]
PATH=$PATH:.
