1. Which of the following is a unique property of laser?

a) Directional b) Speed c) Coherence d) Wavelength

Answer: c
Explanation: Coherence is an important characteristic of laser beam because in laser beams, the wave trains
of the same frequency are in phase/ Due to high coherence it results in extremely high power.

2. Which of the following is an example of optical pumping?

a) Ruby laser b) Helium-Neon laser c) Semiconductor laser d) Dye laser

Answer: a
Explanation: The atoms of Ruby are excited with the help of photons emitted by an external optical source.
The atoms absorb energy from photos and raises to excited state. Therefore Ruby laser is an example of
optical pumping.

3. When laser light is focussed on a particular area for a long time, then that
particular area alone will be heated.

a) True b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: Laser beam has very high intensity, directional properties and coherence. When it is focussed
on a particular area for a long time, then the area alone will be heated and the other area will remain as
such. This is called thermal effect.

4. Which of the following can be used for the generation of laser pulse?

a) Ruby laser b) Carbon dioxide laser c) Helium neon laser d) Nd- YAG laser
Answer: d
Explanation: Since Nd YAG laser has a higher thermal conductivity than other solid state lasers, it lends itself
for the generation of laser pulses at a higher pulse repetition rate or a quasi continuous wave operation.

5- What is the need to achieve population inversion?

a) To excite most of the atoms

b) To bring most of the atoms to ground state
c) To achieve stable condition
d) To reduce the time of production of laser
Answer: a
Explanation: When population inversion is achieved, the majority of atoms are in the excited state. This
causes amplification of the incident beam by stimulated emission. Thus the laser beam is produced.

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6- Laser is called as a non-material knife.

a) False b) True

Answer: b
Explanation: In laser surgery, without knife, bloodless operation, cutting tissues etc can be made, hence
laser is called non-material knife.

7- Which of the following can be used in the vibrational analysis of structure?

a) Maser b) Quarts c) Electrical waves d) Laser

Answer: d
Explanation: Laser can be used in the vibrational analysis of the structure. This is because when a structure
under test begins to vibrate a distinctive pattern begins to emerge.

8- What is the full form of LASER?

a) Light Absorbent and Stimulated Emission of Radiations

b) Light Absorbing Solar Energy Resource
c) Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiations
d) Light Amplification of Singular Emission of Radiations
Answer: c
Explanation: LASER is a short form of Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiations. Stimulated
Emission is the process by which amplification of radiations takes place. Hence the meaning of LASER that
the light is amplified by stimulating the emission of radiations.

9- In Stimulated Absorption, what is the lifetime of atoms ground state?

a) 1 second b) 1 minute c) 1 hour d) Infinity

Answer: d
Explanation: At the ground state, the atoms are perfectly stable. They are under no excessive force that
might lead to become unstable. All the forces are balanced. Thus, as the atom is stable in ground state, its
lifetime is infinity.

10- Which of the following is not a characteristic of LASERS?

a) Monochromatic b) Coherent c) Divergent d) Intense

Answer: c
Explanation: The lasers are highly directional having almost no divergence. The output beam of laser has a
well-defined wave front due to which it can be focused on a point.
Lasers are highly intense compared to ordinary light. They are monochromatic and coherent.

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11- Where is ND: YAG most commonly used?

a) Cosmetic Surgery
b) Welding
c) Photography
d) Optical Communications
Explanation: ND: YAG is most commonly used for cosmetic energy because it has the property of maximum
energy absorption by the target (hair or lesion) with minimum absorption by the surrounding skin
structures.

12-The information carrying capacity of laser is enormous due its large ____

a) Coherence b) Bandwidth c) Directionality d) Intensity

Answer: b
Explanation: Laser has a large bandwidth. The rate at which the information can be transmitted is
proportional to bandwidth and the bandwidth is proportional to carrier frequency. Because of these
properties, Laser is widely used as optical carrier signal.

13- Which characteristic of LASER allows it to be used in holography?

a) Coherency b) Directionality c) Intensity d) Monochromaticity

Answer: a
Explanation: The production of an image in a hologram takes place via a process called reconstruction. In
this process, the image is “reconstructed” in the form of a hologram. This reconstruction if possible, via
LASER as they are highly coherent.

14- What is the region enclosed by the optical cavity called?

a) Optical Region b) Optical System c) Optical box d) Optical Resonator

Answer: d
Explanation: The optical cavity resembles an oscillator as it provides feedback of the photons by reflection,
at the mirrors. Therefore, the area enclosed inside the optical cavity is called optical resonator.

15- Laser action is found in _________ semiconductor.

a) direct band gap b) indirect band gap c) germanium d) silicon

16- In computer, printers _________ laser is used.

a) He–Ne gas b) ruby c) semiconductor d) CO2

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17- The following graph is pictorial representation of _______

a) Spontaneous emission b) Spontaneous Absorption

c) Stimulated emission d) Stimulated Absorption
Answer: c
Explanation: The diagram shows that when a photon from the incident radiation, having energy E 2 – E1,
interacts with the atom in excited state, the atom comes down to the ground state with the emission of a
photon with same frequency, phase and direction of propagation.

18- Laser radiation is:

a) highly monochromatic b) partially monochromatic c) white light d) none

19- Under population inversion, the number of atoms in the higher energy state is
_________ than in the lower energy state.

a) lesser b) larger c) both a and b d) none

20- Laser radiation is:

a) highly directional b) monochromatic c) coherent and stimulated d) all

21- In conventional light sources,

a) different atoms emit radiation at different times

b) there is no phase relation between the emitted photons
c) different atoms emit photons in different directions
d) all

22- In laser sources, photons emitted by different atoms are in phase or maintain
constant phase relationship

a) different atoms emit photons in the same direction b) both a and b

c) none

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23- In spontaneous emissions,

a) atoms are initially in the excited state

b) transitions are without any aid of an external agency
c) both a and b
d) none

24- In conventional light sources, the ratio of spontaneous emission rate to

stimulated emission rate is nearly:

a) 1010 b) 1020 c) 105 d) 103

25- In excited states, the atoms will remain for a time of:

a) 108 s b) 10–8 s c) 10–3 s d) 10–5 s

26- He–Ne gas laser is a:

a) continuous laser b) pulsed laser c) both a and b d) none

27- The ratio of the Helium and Neon gaseous atoms are:

a) 1:10 b) 10:1 c) 1:1 d) 1:20

28- Ruby laser is a solid state:

a) pulsed, three-level laser

b) pulsed, four-level laser
c) continuous, three-level laser
d) continuous, four-level laser

29- If the ruby rod contains 0.05 % of chromium atoms, then it appears in _____
colour.

a) red b) yellow c) pink d) green

30- At room temperatures, the threshold current density in heterostructure laser

is of the order of _________ A/cm2.

a) 105 b) 103 c) 102 d) 104

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31- In heterostructure strip geometry semiconductor lasers, the strip widths will
vary from:

a) 5 to 30 μm b) 50 to 100 μm c) 5 to 150 μm d) 1 to 5 μm

32- In buried hetero structure laser, the active region is completely surrounded
by:

a) lower band gap and lower refractive index material

b) lower band gap and higher refractive index material
c) higher band gap and higher refractive index material
d) higher band gap and lower refractive index material

33- The cross-sectional area of the active region in buried heterostructure laser is
as small as:

a) 50 μm2 b) 10 μm2 c) 1 μm2 d) 100 μm2

34- Lasers are used in:

a) metal cutting and hole drilling

b) welding
c) surface treatment
d) all

35- The gas lasers give _________ coherent beam compare to semiconductor
laser.
a) less b) equal c) more d) none

36- LASER stands for Light Amplification by _________ of light.

a) stimulated emission b) spontaneous emission c) both a & b d) none

37- Examples for _________ emission light are glowing tube light, electric bulb,
candle flame, etc.,

a) stimulated b) spontaneous c) both a & b d) none

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38- To form stimulated emission, a photon should make collision with an atom
initially present in:

a) ground state b) exited state c) both a & b d) none

39- He–Ne gas laser is a:

a) two-level laser
b) three-level laser
c) four-level laser
d) none of the above

40- Flat quartz plates are sealed at the ends of He–Ne gas laser to obtain:

a) polarized laser light

b) non-polarized laser light
c) polychromatic laser light
d) monochromaic laser light

41- He–Ne laser gives _________ coloured laser light.

a) pink b) red c) green d) orange

42- In ruby laser, chromium ions are responsible for stimulated emission of
radiations whereas _________ ions are passive.

a) oxygen b) aluminium c) both a & b d) none

43- Mostly, the wavelength of laser radiation from ruby laser is _________ .

a) 6943 Å b) 6929 Å c) 6328 Å d) 1.15 nm

44- In homostructure semiconductor laser, the energy gap on one side of P-N
junction is _________ on the other side of the junction.

a) different as that b) same as that c) both a & b d) none of the above

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45- In heterostructure semiconductor laser, the energy gap on one side of the P-
N junction is _________ on the other side of the junction.

a) different as that b) same as that c) both a & b d) none

46- At room temperature (300K), the threshold current density of homostructure

laser is about:

a) 5.0 × 105 A /cm2 b) 5.0 × 104 A /cm2 c) 5.0 × 10–4 A /cm2 d) 5.0 × 10–5 A /cm2

47- To reduce the operating currents to a large extent, heterostructure _____

geometry lasers are used.

a) strip b) rectangular c) helical d) parabolic

48- Basically, a ruby crystal is aluminium oxide doped with 0.05 to _________ %
of chromium atoms.

a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 d) 0.5

49- Lasing action can be obtained with extremely small currents by using
_________ structure lasers.

a) homo b) hetero c) buried homo d) buried hetero

50- The threshold current in buried heterostructure is as low as _________.

a) 5 mA b) 10 mA c) 15 mA d) 15 A

51- Because of narrow angular spread, laser beam can be used for the
communication between _________ and moon or other satellites.

a) earth b) sun c) both a & b d) none

52- Lasers are used in _________ the components of IC’s.

a) fabricating b) trimming c) both a & b d) none

WMBW “ WEE ”
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