Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the most widely used network management protocol
in computer networks. This protocol ensures the transmission of management information between
any two points, helping the network administrator to search for information, modify information,
locate faults, diagnose faults, plan capacity, and generate reports on any node of the network. SNMP
adopts the polling mechanism, provides the most basic function set, and implements connectionless
UDP at the transport layer. Therefore, SNMP can implement obstacle-free connections with various
products.
SNMP is used to discover NEs and implement basic management functions such as service
configuration data synchronization, fault management, and performance management.
Basic SNMP components include the network management system (NMS), agents, managed objects
(MOs), and management information bases (MIBs), which constitute the SNMP management model
and play important roles in the SNMP architecture.
Figure1 SNMP network management model
SNMP MIB
An SNMP MIB adopts the tree structure, whose root is on the top and has no name. The following
figure shows a part of a MIB (which is also called an object naming tree). Each object identifier (OID)
corresponds to an MO in the tree. Each branch of the tree has a number and a name, and each node is
named after the complete path from the top of the tree to the node. For example, the identifier of the
mgmt object is { iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) mgmt(2) }, and 1.3.6.1.2 is used for short. This
identifier is called an OID.
The most commonly used versions of SNMP include SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and SNMPv3.
Security comparison between SNMP versions
SNMP defines several operation types for information exchange between components.
Table1 SNMP operation types
Figure2 SNMP packet exchange
1.Configure SNMP parameters on the device using commands.
a. Configure the SNMP user, group, and view.
The username is huawei, the group name is group1, the user authentication mode is sha, the
authentication password is authkey123, the user encryption mode is aes256, the encryption password
is prikey123, the read, write, and notification view names are hardy, and the views contain the
internet subtree.
b. (Optional) Set the administrator ID and contact information.
The contact information of the administrator is 075512345678.
c. (Optional) Set device location information.
The location of the device is Shenzhen_China.
d. (Optional) Set the engine ID of the SNMP entity.
Set the SNMP environment engine ID to 0123456789.
e. Set the SNMP version.
SNMPv3 is used.
2.Set SNMP parameters on NCE.
3.Set SNMP TRAP Switch to Open, and set the trap target parameters and trap
target host.
