INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
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Associations formed before Congress
Bangabhasha Prakashika Sabha
1836: by Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s Associates
East India Association
1866: by Dadabhai Naoroji
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Poona Sarvajanik Sabha 1st Indian to qualify ICS: Satyendranath Tagore
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1870: M G Ranade
Indian League
1875: by Sisir Kumar Ghosh
Indian National Association
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1876: by Surendranath Banerjee, Anand Mohan Bose
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Bombay Presidency Association
1885: by Pherozeshah Mehta, K. T Telang, and Badruddin Tyabji
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Madras Mahajan Sabha: 1884
Dadabhai Naoroji
1st British Indian Member of Parliament
1st to calculate National Income and Poverty Line (1st by him)
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Rast Goftar (weekly newspaper) For Parsi Community
Book: “Poverty and UnBritish Rule in India” Gives Drain Theory
Used the term “Swaraj” for the 1st time
Also known as “Grand Old Man of India”
3 times Congress President (1886, 1893, 1906)
Formation of Congress
Founder: Ornithologist Allen Octavian Hume (qualified ICS, Father of Indian Ornithology)
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in 1885
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1885: Poona (not possible due to plague)
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1st session held at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay -
> 72 delegates attended this
No women participated G
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1st session
By Ilbert
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Ilbert Bill: 1884, by Ripon
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A measure that allow senior Indian magistrates to preside over cases involving British Subjects
in India
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- But this received a huge backlash
Different Theories
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Conspiracy Theory: R. P. Dutt R
Saftey Valve Theory: By Lala Lajpat Rai (Young India)
Lightning Conductor Theory: Gopal Krishna Gokhale
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Viceroy at the time of formation of Congress > Dufferin called Congress a Factory of
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Sedition
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Important Sessions of Congress
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D8
1st: 1855 W. C Banerjee, Bombay > 72 delegates attended
2nd: 1886 >
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Dadabhai Naoroji, Calcutta >
- 434 delegates attended
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3rd: 1887 >Badruddin Tyabji, Madras -
> 1st Muslim President of Congress
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4th: 1888-
> George Yule, Allahabad > 1st British President of Congress
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1896: in Calcutta
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National Song (Vande Mataram) was sung for the 1st time by Tagore
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Written by: Bankim Chatterjee
1901: in Calcutta
1st time Gandhi appeared
1905: in Banaras
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
1906: in Calcutta
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Dadabhai Naoroji
4 resolutions: Swaraj, Swadeshi, Boycott, and National Education
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1907: in Surat
R. B Ghosh
Congress split during this time
1911: in Calcutta
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1st time National Anthem (Jana Gana Mana) Sung Written by Rabindranath Tagore
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1916: in Lucknow
Ambika Charan Mazumdar
Merger of Congress
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1917: in Calcutta
Annie Besant 1st Women president of Congress
1924: in Belgaum (Karnataka)
Mahatma Gandhi (president)
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1925: in Kanpur
Sarojini Naidu 1st Indian women
1929: in Lahore
J. L Nehru (President of INC)
Madan Mohan Malviya Most no. of times
President
1931: in Karachi
Sardar Patel
1937: Faizpur
J. L Nehru >
- 1st session held in village
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Governor Generals
William Bentinck (1828-1835)
1st Governor General of India
1829: Abolition of Sati
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Suppression of Thug
Abolished Circuit Courts
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Metcafe (1835-36)
He is known as liberator of Indian Press
Dalhousie (1848-1856)
During his time
Doctrine of Lapse (1849)r8
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1st railway line (1853) From Bombay to Thane
Widow Remarriage Act (1856)
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Postal Act, Telegraph lines spread across
Wood’s Dispatch
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Mayo (1869-1872)
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1st Census held at his time (1872)
Not complete, synchronised Census
Lytton (1876-1880)
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Arms Act (1878)
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Brought Vernacular Press Act (1878) To ban local newspapers
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1st newspaper “Bengal Gazette” by: James Augustus Hickey
Famous Newspapers:
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Prabuddha Bharata: by Swami Vivekananda
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Al-Hilal: by Abul Kalam Azad
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Mook Nayak: by B. R Ambedkar
Ripon (1880-1884)
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Ilbert Bill Controversy
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He repealed Vernacular Press Act
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1st synchronised/complete Census held 1881
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Father of Local Self Government
Hunter Commission (1882) Related to Education
Factory Act (1881)
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One Liners (MCQs)
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1st to qualify Indian Civil Services: Satyendranath Tagore
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In 1929, INC demanded Complete Independence under the Presidency of J. L Nehru at
Lahore
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Maulana Abul Kalam Azad presided over the special session of Congress in September
1923 and at the age of 35
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He also became the youngest man to be elected as the President of the Congress
President of INC at the time of independence in 1947: J B Kriplani
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1st President of All India Trade Union Congress: Lala Lajpat Rai
President of the INC in year 1938 and 1939: Subash Chandra Bose
“Purna Swaraj” was adopted by Congress Session in: Lahore Session
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Indian National Association was established in 1876 by: Anand Mohan Bose in 1876
