FHMM1014 MATHEMATICS I

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

FHMM1014 MATHEMATICS I
FOUNDATION IN SCIENCE

TUTORIAL 1 : NUMBERS AND SETS

1.1 Set

1. Given  = [−5, 10), A = (1, 8], B = [−3, 5), C = [−2, 7).

Find each of the following sets.

(a) A B C (b) A− B

(c) ( A − B)  C (d) (B  C ) − A
(e) (A  C )  B '
2. Given  = [−2,15), A = [1, 7), B = (−1, 5), and C = [−2,10).
Find each of the following sets.
(i) A B C ,
(ii) A− B,
(iii) C − A,
(iv) ( A  C )  B ,
(v) (B  C) − A ,
(vi) ( A − B)  C .

1.2 Exponential and Logarithm Equations

3. Evaluate each expression.

−2
3 9
(− 32)
2
(a) − 32 (b)    (c) 5

 2  16

4. Solve the following exponential equations.

(a) 8 x = 32 (b) 22x − 5  2 x + 4 = 0

(c) 9 x +1 − 3 x +3 − 3 x + 3 = 0

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5. Solve each of the following equations.

(a) 10 x = 25 (b) e 2 x +1 = 200

(c) 2 3 x +1 = 3 x − 2

6. Solve the logarithmic equations for x

(a) log(3 x + 5) = 2 (b) log5 ( x + 1) − log5 ( x − 1) = 2

(c) log3 x − 4 log x 3 + 3 = 0

7. Solve the following equations:

(i) 2 2 x = 64 x − 1
(ii) 32x+ 2 – 28 (3x) + 3 = 0
(iii) 2(4 x ) − (2 x ) − 3 = 0
(iv) 5 2 x +1 − 6(5 x ) + 1 = 0
(v) 3 x +1 = 4 2 x −1

8. Solve the following equations:

(i) 2(log9 x + log x 9) = 5
(ii) log2 x + 3logx 2 = 4
(iii) log4 x + 12 log x 4 = 7
(iv) log4 x = 4 log x 4
(v) 2 log(x + 1) − log(x + 2) = log(2 x − 1)

9. Solve the following simultaneous equations:

(i) log8 ( xy) = 3,

(log2 x)(log2 y) = 18.

1
(ii) log 4 ( xy) = ,
2
(log2 x)(log2 y) = −2.

(iii) x − 5 y = 0,

(1 − log5 y ) log x 5 = 1.

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10. Find the smallest positive integer n such that
(i) 4(1 − 3−n )  3.999

(ii) 0.9 n  0.0001

(iii) log(n + 1) − log n  log1.01

11. (a) If 10 x + 10−x = 4 , prove that x = log10 (2  3 ) .

e x − 2e − x 1
(b) Given = , solve for x.
2e x + e − x 5

1.3 Complex Numbers

12. Evaluate the expression and write the result in the form a + ib

(a) (−6 + 6i ) + (9 − i ) (b) 3i + (6 − 4i )

1 1 1 
(c) (−12 + 8i ) − (7 + 4i ) (d) i −  − i
3 4 6 

(e) (6 + 5i )(2 − 3i ) (f) (3 − 4i )(5 − 12i )

2 − 3i 4 + 6i
(g) (h)
1 − 2i 3i

13. Given that 3 − 2i = ( p + qi)(5 + i) , find the values of p and q.

14. Find 15 + 8i in the form a + ib , where a, b  .

15. If z1 = −3 + i and z 2 = 2 + 4i , find

z1 z 
(a) z1 z 2 , arg( z1 z 2 ) (b) , arg 1 
z2  z2 
(c) Express z1 + z2 in polar form.

16. Solve the following equation for the values of x and y:

x − 2i 2 − iy
+ = 3 − 2i
2+i 1− i

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17. Express the following complex numbers in the form a + bi.
(i) (7 + 2i ) + (3 − 2i ) (ii) (8 − 5i ) + (1 − 2i )
(iii) (2 + 5i ) − (−3 − 2i ) (iv) (3 − 5i )(6 − 4i )

(v) (1 + 2i ) 2 (vi) (8 + 6i )(8 − 6i )

15 + 125i 9 + 24i
(vii) (viii)
5 2i
7 + 5i 4 + 3i
(ix) (x)
4 − 3i 5+i
5i 8 − 5 + 5i 3 + 8i
(xi) + (xii) −
2 + 3i 2 − 5i − 2 − 4i 1 + 2i
3 − 4i
18. Express z = in the form x + yi, where x and y are real numbers. Draw an
1− i
Argand diagram to show the location of z. Hence, find the modulus and argument
of z. Express z in polar form.

19. Find the value of x and y, where x, y  , for the following equations.
(i) ( x + yi)(2 − 3i ) = −13i (ii) ( x + yi)(1 + 4i ) = 6 + 7i
x y
(iii) (1 + xi)(2 − 3 yi) = 10 (iv) + = 4+i
2 + i 2 + 3i

z*
20. Given that z = −3 − 4i , find and z + z * where z * is the conjugate of z. Hence,
z
z*
find the modulus and argument of and z + z * .
z

21. (i) Find the square roots of 5 − 12i in the form x + iy, where x, y  .

(ii) If z 2 = 8i, find z.

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 FHMM1014 MATHEMATICS I
ANSWERS

1. (a) [-3,8] (b) [5,8] (c) [5,7) (d) [-2,1] (e) [5,7)

2. (i) A  B  C = [1, 5) (ii) A − B = [5, 7)

(iii) C − A = [−2,1)  [7,10) (iv) ( A  C )  B  = [5, 7)
(v) ( B  C ) − A = (−1,1) (vi) ( A − B)  C = [5, 7)

1
3. (a) –9 (b) (c) 4
4

5
4. (a) (b) 0 or 2 (c) –2 or 1
3

5. (a) 1.3979 (b) 2.1492 (c) -2.9469

95 13 1
6. (a) (b) (c) 3 or
3 12 81

3
7. (i) x= (ii) x = −2, x = 1 (iii) x = 0.585
2
(iv) x = −1, x = 0 (v) x = 1.484

8. (i) x = 3, x = 81 (ii) x = 2, x = 8
1
(iii) x = 64, x = 256 (iv) x = 16, x =
16
(v) x = 1.3028

9. (i) x = 8, y = 64; x = 64, y = 8

1 1
(ii) x= , y = 4; x = 4, y =
2 2
(iii) x = 5, y = 1

10. (i) n =8 (ii) n = 88 (iii) n = 101

11. (b) x = 0.6496
1 1
12. (a) 3 + 5i (b) 6−i (c) − 19 + 4i (d) − + i
4 2
8 1 4
(e) 27 − 8i (f) − 33− 56i (g) + i (h) 2− i
5 5 3

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 FHMM1014 MATHEMATICS I
1 1
13. p= , q=−
2 2
14.  (4 + i))
3 2
15. (a) 10 2 , −  rad (b) , 1.7127 rad
4 2
(c) 5.0990 ( cos (0.5628 ) + i sin (0.5628 ) )
16. x = 1, y = 4
17. (i) 10 (ii) 9 − 7i (iii) 5 + 7i (iv) − 2 − 42i
9
(v) − 3 + 4i (vi) 100 (vii) 3 + 25i (viii) 12 − i
2
13 41 23 11 643 810 43 19
(ix) + i (x) + i (xi) + i (xii) − − i
25 25 26 26 377 377 10 10

7 1
18. z= − i; z = 3.5355; arg z = −0.1419 rad
2 2
z = 3.5255 ( cos (−0.1419) + i sin (−0.1419) )
19. (i) x = 3, y = −2 (ii) x = 2, y = −1
4 4 35 39
(iii) x = −2, y = − ; x = 2, y = (iv) x= , y=−
3 3 2 2
z 7 24 z*
20. =− − i; z + z * = −6; = 1; z + z* = 6
* 25 25 z
z
 z* 
arg   = −1.8546 rad ; arg ( z + z* ) =  rad
 z 
21. (i)  (3 − 2i ) (ii)  (2 + 2i )