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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 1
Layers of the Earth
Science – Grade 6 SSES
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 1: Layers of the Earth
First Edition, 2020

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authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ma. Victoria Irene C. Bernabe

Editors: June C. Bernabe, PhD, Margarita M. Daluz, Carlos J. Pailas Jr.,
Christian Keith M. Ortiz, Naomi L. Caparas
Reviewer: SDO Cabanatuan City
Illustrator: ________________________
Layout Artist: June C. Bernabe
Management Team: May B. Eclar, PhD, CESO III – Regional Director
Librada M. Rubio, PhD - CLMD Chief
Ma. Editha R. Caparas, PhD – Reg’l EPS in LRMS
Nestor P. Nuesca, PhD – Reg’l ADM Coordinator
Priscilla D. Sanchez, PhD – CID Chief
Romeo R. Hipolito – EPSvr in Science
Ever M. Samson, PhD – EPSvr in LRMS

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E-mail Address: www.cabanatuan.city@deped.gov.ph
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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 1
Layers of the Earth
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science-Grade 6 SSES Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) module on Layers of the Earth.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box
in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use

this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected
to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Science – Grade 6 SSES Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) module on Layers of the Earth.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the

Know skills or competencies you are expected
to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that

aims to check what you already know
about the lesson to take. If you get all
the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help

you link the current lesson with the
previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will

be introduced to you in various ways
such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a
situation.

What is It This section provides a brief

discussion of the lesson. This aims to
help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for

independent practice to solidify your
understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.

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 What I Can Do This section provides an activity
which will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to

evaluate your level of mastery in
achieving the learning competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will
Activities be given to you to enrich your
knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all

activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used

in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module,
do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the skill in comparing the different layers of the earth. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond
with the textbook you are now using.

This module is about:

Lesson 1 – Layers of the Earth

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe and compare the different layers of the Earth;
2. differentiate the layers accurately; and
3. construct a visual representation of the Earth.

What I Know

Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if it is not. Write your

answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The crust is the layer that you live on.

2. The mantle is the layer located directly under the sima, the silicate-
magnesium middle layer.
3. The continental crust is about 40 kilometers thick under the continents.
4. The oceanic crust is about 8 kilometers thick under the oceans.
5. The crust is the largest layer of the Earth.
6. The inner core is made up of molten iron and nickel mixture.
7. The outer core is made up of solid iron.
8. The mantle is about 2800 km thick and is made up of high density
silicate rocks.
9. The mantle is the thinnest layer of the Earth.
10. The outer core is located about 4667 kilometers beneath the crust and is
about 2250 kilometers thick.

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Lesson

1 Layers of the Earth

There is more to the Earth than what we can see on the surface. In
fact, if you were able to hold the earth in your hand and slice it in half,
you’d see that it has multiple layers. But of course, the interior of our world
continues to hold some mysteries for us.

However, advances in seismology have allowed us to learn a great deal

about the earth and the many layers that make it up. Each layer has a
unique chemical composition, physical state, and can impact life on Earth's
surface. Let’s take a look at them.

What’s In
A. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is a magnet?
A. a wooden figure
B. a magnetic force
C. an object that allows light to pass through
D. an object that attracts or pulls certain materials like iron and steel
2. What is needed to strengthen an electromagnet?
A. decrease the voltage
B. increase the number of turns in a coil
C. put a non-magnetic substance in the coil
D. all of the above
3. Which part of electromagnet supplies electric current?
A. battery C. switch
B. nail D. wire
4. Which is an example of a temporary magnet?
A. bar magnet C. horseshoe magnet
B. electromagnet D. magnetite
5. Which of the following materials can be used as a core in making an
electromagnet?
A. plastic ruler C. screw driver
B. plastic straw D. wood stick

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 B. Write YES if the statement is correct or NO if not. Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The strength of an electromagnet cannot be increased.

2. In constructing an electromagnet, we can use any material as core.
3. The electric current has nothing to do with the strength of an
electromagnet.
4. The coils should loop in one direction only.
5. When electricity flows into an electromagnet, it will act as a magnet.

What’s New

Perform the activity below, then answer the guide questions on a

separate sheet of paper.
Title: Eggsperiment
Problem: What are the different layers of the earth?
(Caution: Make sure an adult is supervising you in doing this activity).
What you need:
1 hard boiled egg
plastic knives (Be careful in handling this object)
garbage bag and clean rag
What to do:
1. Without removing the shell, cut the egg into halves.
2. Observe and describe the parts of the egg from the outermost to the
innermost.
What have you found out:
1. How many layers does a hard-boiled egg have?
2. Which is the largest part? the thinnest?
3. Compare the parts of the egg to the model of the earth. Which
layers of the Earth are represented by the following parts of the egg?
A. Shell C. Egg yolk
B. Egg white D. Middle part of the egg yolk
4. Describe each layer.

Congratulations for completing this activity!

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 What is It

Like all terrestrial planets, the Earth’s interior is differentiated. This

means that its internal structure consists of layers, arranged like the hard-
boiled egg.

Do you want to know more about the layers of the Earth? Let’s study
the given information in this module.

Layers of the Earth

crust

mantle
outer core

inner core

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/2875971261
77290714/February 11, 2021

1. The Crust
The lithosphere is the rocky outer part of the Earth. It is made up of
the brittle crust and the top part of the upper mantle.

The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely
studied and understood. It is very thin in comparison to the other layers.
The crust is only about 8 kilometers thick under the ocean (oceanic crust)
and about 40 kilometers thick under the continents (continental crust).
The temperatures of the crust vary from the air temperature on top to about
870 C) in the deepest parts of the crust.

The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The
plates “float” on the soft, plastic mantle which is located below the crust.
These plates usually move along smoothly but sometimes they stick and
build up pressure. The pressure builds and the rock bends until it snaps.
When this occurs, an Earthquake results (Castante-Padpad, 2017).

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2. The Mantle

The mantle is the layer located directly under the sima, the silicate-
magnesium middle layer. It is the largest layer of the Earth, 2900 kilometers
thick. The mantle is composed of very hot, dense rock. This layer of rock
even flows like asphalt under a heavy weight. This flow is due to great
temperature differences from the bottom to the top of the mantle. The
movement of the mantle is the reason that the plates of the Earth move. The
temperature of the mantle varies from 871OC at the top to about 2204OC
near the bottom (Mercado, 2016).

3. The Core

a. Outer Core

Earth’s core is very hot and very dense center of our planet. The outer
core is so hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state. The outer core
is located about 4667 kilometers beneath the crust and is about 2250
kilometers thick. The outer core is composed of the melted metals of nickel
and iron (Castante-Padpad, 2017).

Earth’s cross section

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/2875971261
77290714/February 11, 2021

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b. Inner Core

The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great
that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move about like a
liquid, but are forced to vibrate in place as a solid. The inner core begins
about 5100 kilometers beneath the crust and is about 1200 kilometers
thick. The temperatures may reach 4982 OC and the pressures are
45,000,000 pounds per square inch. This is 3,000,000 times the air
pressure on you at sea level (San Pablo, 2017).

What’s More

Activity 1
Match the terms in Column B with the definitions in Column A.
Write only the letter of the correct answer. Use a separate sheet of
paper.

Column A Column B
1. It is the thinnest layer of the A. crust
Earth.
B. continental crust
2. It is about 2800 km thick and is
made up of high-density silicate C. core
rocks.
D. earth
3. It is made up of molten iron and
E. inner core
nickel mixture.
4. It is very hot end very dense F. lithosphere
center of our planet. G. mantle
5. It is made up of solid iron. H. oceanic crust
6. It is made up of air, water and I. outer core
solid ground.
J. plates
7. The crust that is only 8 kilometers
thick under the ocean. K. planets
8. The crust that is about 40
kilometers thick under the
continents.
9. It is the rocky outer part of the
Earth.
10. The crust of the Earth that is
broken into many pieces.

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Activity 2

Copy the table below on a separate sheet of paper. Write your answers
in complete sentences.

Layers of the Earth Thickness Temperature Chemical

Composition

1.
2.
3.

Activity 3
Draw the different layers of the earth. Label and describe each
layer. Color your drawing using crayons.

Rubric in Assessing Activity 2 and 3

Task 5 points 3 points 1 point

Component
Identified three Identified two Identified one
layers of the out of the three out of the three
Earth and layers of the layers of the
successfully Earth and Earth and did
Correctness compared the successfully not compare the
layers. compared the layers.
Comparisons layers.
show creative and
original thinking.
Accurately gave Accurately gave Accurately gave
complete data data about only data on only one
about two characteristics
temperature, characteristics (temperature,
thickness and (temperature, thickness or
Accuracy composition of the thickness or composition)of
layers of the composition) of the layers of the
Earth. the layers of the Earth.
Earth.

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 What I Have Learned

Complete the statement below by choosing the correct answers from

the given choices in the box. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

core mantle outer core

crust inner core oceanic crust

The solid part of the Earth is made mostly of rocks and is divided into
layers; the crust, mantle, and core. The thinnest layer is the (1)__________
which is 250km thick. The (2)__________ is about 2800km thick and is made
up of high-density silicate rocks. The (3)___________ has a radius of about
3500km and is divided into outer and inner core. The (4)___________ is made
up of molten iron and nickel mixture while the (5)____________ is made up of
solid iron. The temperature inside the outer core reaches up to 2000 OC and
the inner core has a temperature of 5000 OC.

What I Can Do

Perform the activity below.

Title: Earth Model
Problem: What are the different layers of the Earth?
(Caution: Make sure an adult is supervising you in doing this activity).
What you need:
4 colored papers (e.g blue, brown, yellow, black)
glue or paste, marking pens, pair of scissors
manila paper, protractor (optional)
What to do:
1. Using colored papers, cut out different sizes of circular figures that
will show the correct thickness of each layer of the earth. One layer
should be represented by a certain color.

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 2. Label each layer with its temperature and thickness.
3. Mount your cut outs on a sheet of manila paper. Include a brief
description of each layer.
4. You may decorate your constructed Earth model.
Rubric in Assessing Constructed Model
Category 5 points 3 points 1 point
Constructed Model is well Model Model is poorly
Model of the constructed construction is constructed containing
Earth presenting basically the main layers of the
Earth’s layers adequate Earth.
presenting
Earths layer
Materials Model includes Some of the Few of the materials
appropriate materials depicted in the model
materials depicted in the are appropriate.
depicting the model are Description on the
earth’s layers. appropriate. chosen material is
Description on unclear.
Description on
the use of
the use of
chosen
chosen
material is
materials is
unclear.
clear.
Overall The model is The model is The model lacks
Attractiveness exceptionally acceptably neatness/attractiveness
attractive in attractive.
terms of
design, layout
and neatness.
Presentation of Makes a Makes a Makes a presentation
the Model thorough and presentation that includes an
interesting that includes a incomplete and/or
presentation partial inaccurate explanation
that includes a explanation of of what the model
clear, accurate what the model shows about Earth’s
explanation of shows about layers.
what the model Earth’s layers
shows about
the earths
layer.

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 Assessment

Analyze the questions below. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the innermost layer of the earth?
A. core C. inner core
B. crust D. mantle

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about a crust?

A. It is the largest layer of the Earth.
B. It is the thinnest part of the Earth.
C. It is very hot and very dense center of our planet.
D. It is composed of the melted metals of nickel and iron.

3. How can you describe a mantle?

A. It is made up of iron and nickel.
B. It is the innermost layer of the earth
C. It is made up of a high-density silicate rocks.
D. It s made up of solid rocks which make up the continents and the
ocean floor.

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the inner core?
A. It is made up of solid iron.
B. It is made up of melted iron and nickel.
C. It begins about 5100 kilometers beneath the crust and is about
1200 kilometers thick.
D. Its temperature may reach 4982 OC and the pressures are
45,000,000 pounds per square inch.

5. What layer of the Earth is located about 4667 kilometers beneath the
crust and is about 2250 kilometers thick?
A. core C. inner core
B. crust D. outer core

6. Which of the following statements is correct about the outer core?

A. It is composed of the melted metals of nickel and iron.
B. It is so hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state.
C. It is located about 4667 kilometers beneath the crust and is about
2250 kilometers thick.
D. All of the above

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7. What do you call to the solid part of the Earth?
A. atmosphere C. hydrosphere
B. biosphere D. lithosphere

8. What is an oceanic crust? (characteristic)

A. It is about 8 kilometers thick under the oceans.
B. It is about 20 kilometers thick under the oceans.
C. It is about 40 kilometers thick under the oceans.
D. It is about 60 kilometers thick under the oceans.

9. What is a continental crust?

A. It is about 40 kilometers thick under the continents.
B. It is about 60 kilometers thick under the continents.
C. It is about 80 kilometers thick under the continents.
D. It is about 100 kilometers thick under the continents.

10. What do you call the crust of the Earth that is broken into many pieces?
A. core C. mantle
B. crust D. plates

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 16
What I Know
1. True
2. True
What I Have Learned
3. True
1. crust
4. True
2. mantle
5. False
3. core
6. False
4. outer core
7. False What’s More 5. inner core
8. True
Activity 1
9. False
Assessment
10. True 1. A 1. A
2. F 2. B
3. H 3. C
4. C 4. B
5. E 5. D
6. D 6. D
7. G 7. D
8. B 8. A
9. J 9. A
10. I 10. D
Answer Key
References
Castante-Padpad, Evelyn. (2017).The New Science Links, p. 311. Rex Bookstore

Mercado, Mary Joy P., Dela Paz, Shirley S. (2016). Explore and Experience Science 6, pp. 219-221.
Mega Jesta Prints, Inc.

San Pablo, Jovita H. (2017). Real-Life Science. p. 347-348. Abiva Publishing House, Inc.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/287597126177290714/February 11, 2021

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/287597126177290714/February 11, 2021

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