Elementary

e5.2
3 Geometry

SOLUTIONS

Basic Practice Further Practice

1. a) F b) (|) Mutiple Choice Questions:

1. (A) Option (A) is the only false statement
c) d) F
among the given statements.
e) T f) F 2. (C) Two district lines may be parallel lines.
2. a) two b) three 3. (A) 360°- 105° -95°-70°=90°.
m || n d) AB 4. (D) B A C
AB
+ BOC =180°
e) 2
f) same
5. (B) 2 2

equal h) same things B+ZC + 2ZBOC =360° -’ (1)

ZABC =/BCD’ AB|CD ’ (1) But

3.
ZA+ ZB+ ZC + D=360° (2)
But ZDCE + ZE =20° + 160° = 180°
from (1) &(2) 2BOC = ZA + D.
’ CD|EF ’ (2)
6. (C) 2x +3x+ 6x +7x=360°
from (1) & (2) AB | | EF
18x=360°
4. Given x= y |m ’ (1) X= 20°

Given La = 6 m || n ’ (2) largest angle 7x = 140°

7. (A) ZB + 2C= 100°
from (1) & (2) || n.
ZB
5. Given ZCBD = 45° ’ZBCA =45° + = 50°
2
&ZA =90°
ZB
But + ZBDC= 180°
ABC is an isosceles right angled 2 2
triangle. ZBDC= 130°
AB = AC= 2m. 8. (B) Two distinct lines always either
intersect or parallel.

3. Elementary Geometry 29
JIT Foundation &Olympiad Explorer (Prime Series)
3. Please try your self
Clas -9
A
9. (C)
No. of Points3
4.
45 6|7|8
No. of lines

R
No. of lines = n(n-1)
36|10|15|212
2
P+ PQR + PRQ= 180° 5. Zy+ 125° = 180° [linear pairl
PQR +
ZPRQ 90° Zy= 55°
22 2
B= 65°
ZD=
P [Alternative angles)
0QR+ ZORQ =90° - ’() F= D= 65°
2 [Alternative angles]
But 0QR + ZORQ + ZQ0R =180° In AEFG, x+65° +55° = 180°
X=60°
90° + ZQOR= 180°
2 6. Given AB = CD

ZQOR = 90° + Adding 'BC'on both sides

AB + BC= BC + CD
10. (C) =La &Ly = 26
AC = BD
’ Lx+ Ly=La + L6
7. AB = PQ & PQ = XY
11. (C) Option (C) is the only false
statement
among the given statements.
A Bem B P 5cm G
Brain Works AB =5 cm, PQ =5 cm ’ AB = PQ
1. 'C is a mid point of AB AB PQ=5 cm, XY =5 cm ’ PQ= XY
AC=
2
.: AB = XY
'D' is a mid point of AC
8. If AB' is given ’ AB = BC=
AC 1 AB CA.
’ AD= ’ We can construct an
2 92 equilatera
triangle on any given line segment.
.. AD = 9. Given BEF = 55° ’ lz+ 55°= 90°
AB
4
L2= 35°
AB = 4 AD
But Zy + 55° = 180°
Similary we can prove AB= 4BE.
2. <y=125°
Given AC = PQ & CP = QB
’ AC+ CP = PQ+ QB Zx= Ly= 125°
’ AP PB I::corresponding angles]
10. Please try your self
’ 'P' is mid point of AB.
IT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer (Prime Series) Class - 9

11. In AQRT, ZT=90° Concept Drill

.. 90° + 40° + x= 180°
1. P
T
X=50
2

In APRS, y= 30° +X
y=30°+ 50° Q2
Q2 Z(P+Q)/2
y= 80° R S

12. A B ZPRS = P+ PQR

AB = AC+ CB. ZPRS ZP+ Q
13. In APQS, ZQ = 50° & ZS= 90° 2 2

’ 2QPS =40° In AQRT,

Z(P+Q) + T= 180°
In APQR, 50° +30° + ZQPR = 180° 2
+ PRQ+ 2

ZQPR LQ + PRQ+ P
ZQPR = 100° ’ ZQPT = 50° + +ZT= 180°
2 2 2
But QPS + x = ZQPT ZP
+ ZT= 180°
ZPQR + PRQ+
40° +x= 50° 2

X= 10°.
ZP
180° - ZP+ + T=180°
2
14. A line segment has one and only one ZP
mid-point. LT=180° - 180° + P -
2

A D B ZP
T= QTR=2QPR.
Let if possible C and D be both mid 2 2
points of the line segment AB. Then 2. Sum of interior angles of a polygon = (2n
1
-4) 90° Sum of interior angles of a regular
1
AC = AB and AD = AB hexagon = (2 x 6-4) x 90°
2
=8x 90° = 720°.
’ AC= AD.
1 3.
each AB D
2 R
But we observe that AC is not equal to AD
F
because the length of the segment AC is
smaller than that of the segment AD. C ’G A

Moreover, a part cannot be equal to a

whole. Thus, our supposition is wrong.
Therefore. Aline segment has one and
only one mid-point. B P

3. Elementary Geometry 31
 Produce AB up to Qsuch that
Let BF I PQ & CGI RQ &
ZCEB = 90°
Q= 90° Dmeets at Q. bisector of
In AAQD, + ZA +
ZABE= /EBC = x. ZQ=180° ’ (1)
[:. angle of incident is equal to angle of <B
reflection] In ABCP, + 20 + P=180° ’ (2)
2
Similarly BCE = ECD = y.
In ABCE, ZE = 90° Add eq (1) & (2)) ZA+ 2C + B
2
.. X+ y= 90° + P+ ZQ=360°
2x +2y = 180°
ZP+ ZQ =360°-ZA - 2C
i.e., ZABC + BCD =180°
’ AB| CD.
= ZA+ B+ ZC+ D- ZA - ZC - B
4.
Given PM | | QN ’ MPB = NQD 2

’ 2/MPB =
2ZNQD P+
2 2
EPB = PQD
Given "C is mid point of AB
’ AB CD
AB

5.
[:.Corresponding angles are equal] ’ AC =BC=
2
ZCBA= 65° + 40° = 105° = A Given P &'0' are mid point of AC & BC
.:. ZCBA =ZA’ AP | | CB
’ AP | Ca. ’ AP =
6. Given AD = BC
’ AP= AB
’ AC+ Cp = CD + BD 4
AC = BD. AB
Similary we can prove BQ=
7. 4
9. 50° + ZBAD = 120°
P
A BAD=70°
BAD
B / 2

ZBAC =
B AB / 2 D/2 2
= 35°

In AABC, 50° + 35° + ZACB = 180°

LACB = 95° (obtuse angle)
Given:- Produce CD up to 'p' such that .:. ABC is an obtuse angled triangle.
bisector of/B meetsS at P.

32 3. Elementary Geometry
T Foundation & Olympiad Explorer (Prime Series) Class - 9
11.
B
10. (i) A420

63
H

T R
Given AB | | CE ’ B= BCE =42°
Given T= 90° & PS is the bisector of
LACE = 63° + 42° = 105°
QPR.
Given AC| | EF ZACE = E In APQT, ZT =90° ’
E = 105° ZQ+ 90° + ZQPT = 180°
2QPT = 90° - ZQ.
DE | | FG &EF || DG
ZTPS = ZQPS - 2QPT
.:. DEFG is a parallelogram.
.. DGF = E= 105°, (90° - Q)
ZP
(ii) G 2
90° + Q

B - ( , + Q.
Cy
3x + 10° D ZP ZP LQ ZR
2 2 2 2
+ Q
F ZR
F
2 2

Given E= 90° CD EF ’ ZECD = 90°

=zl4Q-R]
.:.3x + 10 + y +90° = 360° 12.
3x + y= 260° - (1) A

But /GAB = 180° - x.

B,
Given AB || CD ’ 180-x = y
3x +180 -x = 260° ’ (1)[:. from eq (2)) D
E
2x = 80° Given BO & 0C are bisectors of
X= 40° ZCBD & ZBCE.
ZCBD= 180° - B
y= 180° -x= 140°.
ZCBO =
ZCBD ZB
= 90°
2 2
3. Elementary Geometry
33
 iIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer
(Prime Series) Class -9
15. Let 2ZA =5/B = 10ZC = k
BCO= 90° -
2 k k
LA = ZB= &2C=
BC0 + BOC= 180 2 5 10
In ABOC, ZCBO +
But ZA + B+ ZC= 180°
B- 90° 2BOC=180°
90°
2 2 kk,
+ +
k = 180°
2 5 10
B C
2. 2
BOC =
5k + 2k +k
-= 180°
10
ZA
=90° -
2 8k=180°x 10
B C B k= 45°x5
2 2 2
k= 225°
BOC = 90 BAC
2 k 225° 1
ZA=
2
=

2 -=1122 degrees
13.
A
16. Given ZA - B= 15° () and
ZB- ZC= 15° ’ (2)
from (1) &(2)
10 ZA- B= B- Z0
120°
B P C ZA+ C= 2/B
100° + =180° ’x=80° But ZA + B+ ZC= 180°

But x+y =120° PAC= y| ZA + C+ B=180°

80°+y=120° 2/B + B=180°

y= 40°. 32B = 180°
ZB = 60°
14. In AQRT, T =90° Ly= 50°
17. 2y-X= y- 5°+ 2x +40°
In APSR, R= zy = 50° & SPR =30°
y= 3x + 35°
.. x=ZR+ ZSPR =50°+30° = 80°.
Ifx =5° ’ y=50°
(: In atriangle exterior angle = sum of
interior opposite angles]
 IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer (Prime Sernesy Class -9
Crossword -1 I Crossword - 2

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Crossword-3 Crossword- 4

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Crossword-5 Crossword - 6

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CrosswordSolution
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