Pratical no: 04
Aim: Create a class MAT of size m * n. Define all possible matrix operations for
MAT type objects
Theory: Matrix operations mainly involve three algebraic operations which are addition
of matrices, subtraction of matrices, and multiplication of matrices. Matrix is a
rectangular array of numbers or expressions arranged in rows and columns. Important
applications of matrices can be found in mathematics.
Given two matrix mat1[][] and mat2[][]of m*n dimensions , the task is to perform matrix
operations using operator overloading.
Program:
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip> using
namespace std; class
mat
{ float
**m; int
rs,cs;
public:
mat(){}
void creat(int r,int c); friend istream &
operator >>(istream &,mat &); friend ostream &
operator <<(ostream &,mat &); mat
operator+(mat m2); mat operator-(mat m2);
mat operator*(mat m2);
};
void mat::creat(int r,int c)
{
rs=r;
cs=c;
m=new float *[r]; //dynamically memory allocated for r
for(int i=0;i<r;i++) m[i]=new float;
}
istream & operator>>(istream &din, mat &a)
{ int r,c;
r=a.rs; c=a.cs;
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
{ for(int
j=0;j<c;j++)
{
din>>a.m[i][j];
}
}
return (din);
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream &dout,mat &a)
{ int
r,c;
r=a.rs;
c=a.cs;
for(int i=0;i<r;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<c;j++)
{
dout<<setw(5)<<a.m[i][j];
}
dout<<"\n";
}
return (dout);
}
mat mat::operator+(mat m2)
{ mat mt;
mt.creat(rs,cs);
for(int i=0;i<rs;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<cs;j++)
{
mt.m[i][j]=m[i][j]+m2.m[i][j];
}
}
return mt;
}
mat mat::operator-(mat m2)
{ mat mt;
mt.creat(rs,cs);
for(int i=0;i<rs;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<cs;j++)
{
mt.m[i][j]=m[i][j]-m2.m[i][j];
}
}
return mt;
}
mat mat::operator*(mat m2)
{ mat mt;
mt.creat(rs,m2.cs);
for(int i=0;i<rs;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<m2.cs;j++)
{ mt.m[i][j]=0;
for(int k=0;k<m2.rs;k++)
mt.m[i][j]+=m[i][k]*m2.m[k][j];
}
}
return mt;
}
int main()
{
mat m1,m2,m3,m4,m5; int
r1,c1,r2,c2; cout<<" Enter first
matrix size : "; cin>>r1>>c1;
m1.creat(r1,c1); cout<<"m1 = ";
cin>>m1; cout<<" Enter second
matrix size : "; cin>>r2>>c2;
m2.creat(r2,c2); cout<<"m2 = ";
cin>>m2; cout<<" m1:"<<endl;
cout<<m1;
cout<<" m2: "<<endl;
cout<<m2;
cout<<endl<<endl;
if(r1==r2 && c1==c2)
{
m3.creat(r1,c1);
m3=m1+m2; cout<<" m1 +
m2: "<<endl;
cout<<m3<<endl;
m4.creat(r1,c1);
m4=m1-m2;
cout<<" m1 - m2:"<<endl;
cout<<m4<<endl<<endl;
}
else
cout<<" Summation & substraction are not possible n"<<endl
<<"Two matrices must be same size for summation & substraction "<<endl<<endl; if(c1==r2)
{
m5=m1*m2;
cout<<" m1 x m2: "<<endl;
cout<<m5;
}
else cout<<" Multiplication is not possible
"<<endl
<<" column of first matrix must be equal to the row of second matrix ";
return 0;
}
Output:
Test case:
Enter first matrix size : 2 2 m1
=24
12
Enter second matrix size : 2 2
m2 = 2 4
1 2
m1:
2 4
1 2 m2:
2 4
1 2
m1 + m2:
4 8
2 4
m1 - m2:
0 0
0 0
m1 x m2:
8 16
4 8
Result : Thus, we successfully performed the pratical .
