Keyboard Function Keys: A function key is a key on a computer or on the

computer keyboard which can be programmed to cause an operating system

program to perform certain actions.

The function keys are arranged at the top of your keyboard numbered across
from F1 to F12 and are commonly referred to as F keys or FN keys.

The keys provide some interesting shortcuts for common computer functions
that can be useful tools in everyday computing.

The keys are frequently used in combination with other keys such as the
CTRL key, the ALT key, and the SHIFT key.

F1
F1 is mostly used as the help key. Almost every program will open the help
screen when this key is pressed.
Windows Key + F1 would open the Microsoft Windows help and support
centre.
Opens the Task Pane.
Note: The Windows key has the Microsoft flag logo on it and is located
between the CTRL and ALT keys on the keyboard.
F2
In Windows commonly used to rename a highlighted icon or file.
Alt + Ctrl + F2 opens a new document in Microsoft Word.
Ctrl + F2 displays the print preview window in Microsoft Word.
F3
Often opens a search feature for many programs including Microsoft
Windows.
Shift + F3 will change the text in Microsoft Whord from upper to lower case
or a capital letter at the beginning of every word.
F4
Opens find window.
Repeat the last action performed - for Word 2000+
Alt + F4 will close the open Window that you are currently working on.
Ctrl + F4 will close the open window within the current active window in
Microsoft Windows.

Keyboard Function Keys - F5

Pressing F5 will refresh or reload the page or document window - This can be
a handy shortcut
Open the find, replace, and go to window in Microsoft Word.
Starts a slideshow in PowerPoint.
F6
This key is often used to move the cursor to the Address bar Mozilla Firefox
or Internet Explorer.
Ctrl + Shift + F6 opens to another open Microsoft Word document.
F7
Commonly used to spell check and grammar check a document in Microsoft
programs such as Microsoft Word, Outlook, etc.
Shift + F7 runs a Thesaurus check on the word highlighted.
Turns on Caret browsing in Mozilla Firefox.
F8
The F8 key can be used to access Safe Mode if pressed during the
computer's boot up process.
F9
Opens the Measurements tool bar in Quark 5.0.
F10
F10 is the key that is used to activate the menu bar in many programs. F10
can be used to highlight the first menu choice, and then use the arrow keys
to move around the menus.
Shift + F10 is the same as right-clicking on a highlighted icon, file, or Internet
link.

Keyboard Function Keys - F11

Full-screen mode in all modern Internet browsers - Pressing F11 when you
are working in Internet Explorer will open the window to full screen mode. All
the tool bars disappears making it possible to see more information on the
screen. Pressing F11 when you are in full screen mode will toggle you back
to your normal view.
F12
Open a new document in Microsoft Word
Open the Save as dialog box in Microsoft Word.
Shift + F12 save the Microsoft Word document.
Ctrl + Shift + F12 prints a document in Microsoft Word.

Shortcut Keys and their Functions

Shortcut Keys and their Functions: Some commonly used computer short cut
keys are documented below.
Short-cut Keys and their Descriptions

Alt + F: File menu options in current program.

Alt + E: Edit options in current program

F1: Universal Help in almost every Windows program.

Ctrl + A: Select all text.

Ctrl + X: Cut

Shift + Del: Cut selected item.

Ctrl + C: Copy selected item.

Ctrl + Ins: Copy selected item.

Ctrl + V: Paste selected item.

Shift + Ins: Paste.

Home: Goes to beginning of current line.

Ctrl + Home: Goes to beginning of document.

End: Goes to end of current line.

Ctrl + End: Goes to end of document.

Shift + Home: Highlights from current position to beginning of line.

Shift + End: Highlights from current position to end of line.

Ctrl + Left arrow: Moves one word to the left at a time.

Ctrl + Right arrow: Moves one word to the right at a time.

Shortcut Keys and their Functions: Below is a listing of all the major
shortcut keys in Microsoft Word.

Shortcut Keys and their Descriptions

Ctrl + A: Select all contents of the page.

Ctrl + B: Bold highlighted selection.

Ctrl + C: Copy selected text.

Ctrl + X: Cut selected text.

Ctrl + P: Open the print window.

Ctrl + F: Open find box.

Ctrl + I: Italic highlighted selection.

Ctrl + K: Insert link (Shortcut Keys and their Functions).

Ctrl + U: Underline highlighted selection.

Ctrl + V: Paste.

Ctrl + Y: Redo the last action performed.

Ctrl + Z: Undo last action.

Ctrl + L: Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.

Ctrl + E: Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen.

Ctrl + R: Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen.

Ctrl + M: Indent the paragraph.

Ctrl + Shift + F: Change the font.

Ctrl + Shift + >: Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then
increases font +2pts.

Ctrl + ]: Increase selected font +1pts.

Ctrl + Shift + <: Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower, if above 12
decreases font by +2pt.

Ctrl + [: Decrease selected font -1pts.

Ctrl + Shift + *: View or hide non printing characters.

Ctrl + L: Moves one word to the left.

Ctrl + R: Moves one word to the right.

Ctrl + : Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph.

Ctrl + : Moves to the end of the paragraph.

Ctrl + Del: Deletes word to right of cursor.

Ctrl + Backspace: Deletes word to left of cursor.

Ctrl + End: Moves the cursor to the end of the document.

Ctrl + Home: Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document.

Ctrl + Spacebar: Reset highlighted text to the default font.

Ctrl + 1: Single-space lines.

Ctrl + 2: Double-space lines.

Ctrl + 5: 1.5-line spacing.

Ctrl + Alt + 1: Changes text to heading 1.

Ctrl + Alt + 2: Changes text to heading 2.

Ctrl + Alt + 3: Changes text to heading 3.

Alt + Shift + D: Insert the current date.

Alt + Shift + T: Insert the current time.

In addition to the above shortcut keys users can also use their mouse as a
method of quickly do something commonly performed.

Below some are examples of mouse shortcuts.

Mouse shortcuts and their Descriptions

Click, hold, and drag: Selects text from where you click and hold to the
point you drag and let go.

Double-click: If double-click a word, selects the complete word.

Double-click: Double-clicking on the left, center, or right of a blank line will

make the alignment of the text left, center, or right aligned.
Double-click: Double-clicking anywhere after text on a line will set a tab
stop.

Triple-click: Selects the line or paragraph of the text the mouse triple-
clicked.

Ctrl + Mouse wheel: Zooms in and out of document (Shortcut Keys and
their Functions).

Here's the full list of keyboard short-cuts for Windows 10 - all the
Windows 10 keyboard shortcuts you need to know
Keyboard shortcut → Action
Windows key → Open or close Start Menu.
Windows key + A → Open Action center.
Windows key + C → Open Cortana in listening mode.
Windows key + D → Display or hide the desktop.
Windows key + E → Open File Explorer.
Windows key + G → Open Game bar when a game is open.
Windows key + H → Open the Share charm.
Windows key + I → Open Settings.
Windows key + K → Open the Connect quick action.
Windows key + L → Lock your PC or switch accounts.
Windows key + M → Minimize all windows.
Windows key + R → Open Run dialog box.
Windows key + S → Open Search.
Windows key + U → Open Ease of Access Center.
Windows key + X → Open Quick Link menu.
Windows key + Number → Open the app pinned to the taskbar in the
position indicated by the number.
Windows key + Left arrow key → Snap app windows left.
Windows key + Right arrow key → Snap app windows right.
Windows key + Up arrow key → Maximize app windows.
Windows key + Down arrow key → Minimize app windows.
Windows key + Comma → Temporarily peek at the desktop.
Windows key + Ctrl + D → Add a virtual desktop.
Windows key + Ctrl + Left or Right arrow → Switch between virtual
desktops.
Windows key + Ctrl + F4 → Close current virtual desktop.
Windows key + Enter → Open Narrator.
Windows key + Home → Minimize all but the active desktop window
(restores all windows on second stroke).
Windows key + PrtScn → Capture a screenshot and save in Screenshots
folder.
Windows key + Shift + Up arrow → Stretch the desktop window to the
top and bottom of the screen.
Windows key + Tab → Open Task view.
Windows key + "+" key → Zoom in using the magnifier.
Windows key + "-" key → Zoom out using the magnifier.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc → Open Task Manager.
Alt + Tab → Switch between open apps.
Alt + Left arrow key → Go back.
Alt + Right arrow key → Go forward.
Alt + Page Up → Move up one screen.
Alt + Page down → Move down one screen.
Ctrl + Alt +Tab → View open apps
Ctrl + C → Copy selected items to clipboard.
Ctrl + X → Cut selected items.
Ctrl + V → Paste content from clipboard.
Ctrl + A → Select all content.
Ctrl + Z → Undo an action.
Ctrl + Y → Redo an action.
Ctrl + D → Delete the selected item and move it to the Recycle Bin.
Ctrl + Esc → Open the Start Menu.
Ctrl + Shift → Switch the keyboard layout.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc → Open Task Manager.
Ctrl + F4 → Close the active window.
Alt Key

A computer key that you press together with another key so that the other key does
something different from what it usually does. You can also refer to this key simply
as Alt.

Arrow Key

One of four computer keys marked with an up, down, left, or right arrow, used for
moving the cursor.

Backspace

The key that you press on a keyboard to move one space backwards in a document.

Caps Lock

A key on a computer keyboard that makes all the keys produce capital letters.

Character Set

A complete set of letters, numbers, or symbols that can be used by a computer.

Command Key

On some computers, a key that you press together with another key to make the
computer do a particular thing.

Control Key

A key on a computer keyboard that is used in combination with other keys for doing
particular operations. This key is usually marked ‘Ctrl’.
ctrl abbreviation control: the control key on a computer keyboard.

Delete Key

A computer key that removes characters. This key is sometimes simply referred to
as del.

Enter Key
A key on a computer keyboard that makes the computer perform an action or start
a new line of writing.

Escape Key

A key on a computer keyboard that allows someone to stop an action, leave a

program, or return to a previous menu. This key is usually marked ‘Esc’.

Keypad

The part at the side of a computer keyboard that has number keys and arrow keys
on it.

Numeric Keypad

The part of a computer keyboard to the right of the main keys that has keys with
numbers on them.

Num Lock

A computer key that you press to make the number keys below it enter numbers
and not be used for moving up and down a document.

Pound Key

American the hash key on a telephone keypad or computer keyboard.

Return key

A key on a computer keyboard that makes the computer perform an action or start
a new line of writing.

Shift

Computing a shift key on a computer keyboard.

Shift Key

The key that you press on a computer keyboard when you want to write a capital
letter.

Short Cut

Computing a computer icon or a combination of keys on the keyboard such as ‘Alt +

C’ that helps you to do something on the computer more quickly, for example go to
a particular program or copy information.

Space Bar

The long narrow bar at the front of a computer keyboard that you press to make a
space between words when you are typing.

Star key

The key with the asterisk symbol (*) on a telephone keypad or computer keyboard.

Tab

Computing a button on a computer keyboard or typewriter that you press to move

several spaces along the same line.

Tab key

A tab on a computer keyboard.

Toggle

Computing a key or command (=instruction) on a computer that you use to move

from one operation or program to another and back again.

Touchpad

Computing a small flat surface on a laptop computer that you touch with your finger
in order to move the cursor on the screen.

About the Computer Keyboard.

1. Definition of Computer Keyboard.

This is an input device that is used to send data to computer memory.

 Sketch of a Keyboard

1.1 Types of Keyboard.

1. Standard (Basic) Keyboard.

2. Enhanced (Extended) Keyboard.

1. Standard Keyboard: This is a keyboard designed during the 1800s for

mechanical typewriters with just 10 function keys (F keys) placed at the left
side of it.

2. Enhanced Keyboard:

This is the current 101 to 108-key keyboard that is included in almost all the
personal computers (PCs) of nowadays, which has 12 function keys at the top side
of it.

1.2 Segments of the keyboard

● Numeric keys
● Alphabetic keys
● Punctuation keys
● Windows Logo key.
● Function keys
● Special keys

Numeric Keys: Numeric keys are keys with numbers from 0 – 9.

Alphabetic Keys: These are keys that have alphabets on them, ranging from A to Z.
Punctuation Keys: These are keys of the keyboard used for punctuation, examples
include comma, full stop, colon, question marks, hyphen, etc.
Windows Logo Key: A key on Microsoft Computer keyboard with its logo displayed on
it. Search for this on your keyboard.
Apple Key: This also known as Command key is a modifier key that you can find on an
Apple keyboard. It usually has the image of an apple or command logo on it. Search for
this on your Apple keyboard.