1.
Health Perception–Health Management Pattern
Example: A 45-year-old woman believes she is in good health but has not visited a doctor for regular
check-ups in over five years. She smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and rarely exercises. Despite feeling
fine, her health management is inconsistent and lacks preventive measures.
2. Nutritional–Metabolic Pattern
Example: A 60-year-old man with diabetes monitors his blood sugar daily and follows a low-carb diet to
control his glucose levels. However, he occasionally indulges in sugary snacks, which sometimes leads to
blood sugar spikes.
3. Elimination Pattern
Example: A 70-year-old woman experiences constipation and has difficulty with bowel movements. She
takes over-the-counter laxatives regularly but does not follow a high-fiber diet or drink enough water.
4. Activity–Exercise Pattern
Example: A 35-year-old office worker walks for 30 minutes every day after work and attends a yoga class
twice a week. She believes this routine helps her maintain her physical fitness and reduce stress.
5. Sleep–Rest Pattern
Example: A 50-year-old man complains of insomnia and finds it difficult to fall asleep at night. He often
wakes up several times and feels fatigued during the day, affecting his productivity at work.
6. Cognitive–Perceptual Pattern
Example: A 65-year-old woman experiences memory lapses and sometimes forgets where she places her
keys. She also struggles with concentrating while reading, but she has no problems with her vision or
hearing.
7. Self-Perception–Self-Concept Pattern
Example: A 30-year-old woman feels insecure about her appearance and weight. She frequently
compares herself to others on social media and has low self-esteem, leading to social anxiety and
avoidance of group activities.
8. Role–Relationship Pattern
Example: A 40-year-old man is the primary caregiver for his elderly mother and feels overwhelmed by
the responsibility. He also has a demanding job and struggles to balance his work and caregiving roles,
affecting his relationships with his spouse and children.
9. Sexuality–Reproductive Pattern
Example: A 28-year-old couple is trying to conceive, but after a year of unsuccessful attempts, they seek
medical advice. The woman is concerned about her reproductive health, while the man feels stressed
about his fertility.
10. Coping–Stress Tolerance Pattern
Example: A 55-year-old woman uses meditation and breathing exercises to cope with work-related
stress. However, she often feels overwhelmed during periods of high workload and sometimes
experiences anxiety attacks.
11. Value–Belief Pattern
Example: A 70-year-old man follows a strict vegetarian diet based on his religious beliefs. He attends
weekly spiritual gatherings and believes that his values help guide his health decisions and overall life
choices.
