DISC 12

Defence India Startup Challenge

Problem Statements

S. No Name of Agency Number of Problem Statements

1. Indian Army 05
2. Mission DefSpace 01
3. Indian Navy 05
4. Indian Air Force 05
5. Indian Coast Guard 04
6. BEL 04
7. HAL 01
8. BEML 01
9. MIDHANI 01
10. BDL 02
11. AWEIL 01
12. BRO 02
13. AFMS 09
Total 41
Contents
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 1: LI-FI TECH FOR OT’S/ MRI CENTERS 5
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 2: C-UAS BUBBLE FOR VA/VP PROTECTION USING GNSS JAMMING 6
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 3: ANTISKID TRACKS FOR BMP 7
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 4: ANALYSIS OF SAR IMAGERY 8
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 5: TETHERED DRONE MOUNTED B/FWS ANTENNA 9
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 6: V/UHF SATELLITE APPLIQUE UNIT 11
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 7: SOLID-STATE AMPLIFIERS FOR 'X' BAND RADARS 13
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 8: OFFLINE NLP BASED NEAR REAL TIME MULTILINGUAL LANGUAGE TRANSLATION SYSTEM 14
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 9: STARTER TO ENABLE THE POWERING UP OF THE RUSSIAN GAS TURBINE GENERATOR GTG 1250-2E 16
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 10: UNDERWATER SMART COMMUNICATION BUOY 17
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 11: DEEP SEA SEAL FOR SHAFTLINES 18
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 12: DRONE BASED/ INNOVATIVE RANGE SCORING SYSTEM FOR AIR TO GROUND WEAPONS 20
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 13: FLIGHT DATA RECORDER (FDR) USING ONBOARD CAMERA 21
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 14: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 22
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 15: HELICOPTER ELECTRONIC GLIDE PATH-BASED LANDING SYSTEM 24
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 16: AI BASED PREDICTION MODEL FOR BIRD HAZARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 25
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 17: COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MACHINERY CONTROL ROOM AND ENGINE ROOM WATCH KEEPERS 27
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 18: 25KW AND 35 KW RADARS 28
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 19: AC COMPRESSOR FOR MARINE ACS 29
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 20: SHAFT BEARINGS USED ONBOARD VISHWAST, SAMARTH, SACHET CLASS OF VESSELS 30
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 21: SILICON / COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR BASED HIGH POWER PULSED LASER DIODE 32
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 22: PROXIMITY SENSOR OF AERIAL BOMB FUZE FOR ACTIVATING FUZE FIRING CIRCUIT 33
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 23: PROXIMITY SENSOR OF NAVAL ARTILLERY FUZE FOR ACTIVATING FUZE FIRING CIRCUIT 34
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 24: FREQUENCY DIFFERENCE OF ARRIVAL BASED DIRECTION OF ARRIVAL FOR RADAR SIGNALS 35
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 25: WIRELESS AND TELEMETRY-BASED TEMPERATURE & STRAIN MEASUREMENT SYSTEM 37
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 26: HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED MAIN WINCH WITH 50T SINGLE LINE PULL 39
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 27: ELECTROLYTIC MANGANESE PRODUCTION 42
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 28: GROUND POWER SUPPLY BOTTLE (GPSB) FOR MISSILE 44
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 29: MIL GRADE AIRBORNE CONNECTORS 45
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 30: AUTONOMOUS/ REMOTE CONTROLLED ROBOT MOUNTED WITH SNIPER 47
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 31: DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL OF AREAS FOR TUNNEL 49
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 32: CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS 50
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 33: MALE INCONTINENCE DEVICE 52
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 34: AI BASED COMPREHENSIVE DEVICE FOR DETECTION OF COGNITIVE DISTURBANCES 53
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 35: INFLIGHT URINATION DEVICE FOR FEMALE FIGHTER PILOTS 58
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 36: FEEDBACK LOOP EXTRAVASATION DETECTION & ALARM SYSTEM 59
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 37: MRI COMPATIBLE MULTI-PARAMONITOR WITH ACCESSORIES 61
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 38: NBC PROTECTIVE SUIT WITH WEATHER CONDITIONING SYSTEM 64
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 39: PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CANNULA (PIVC) 65

DISC 12 | Challenges 2
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 40: ULTRASOUND CHIP BASED NON-INVASIVE URODYNAMIC MONITORING SYSTEM 67
PROBLEM STATEMENT – 41: ANTI-FOGGING SOLUTION FOR VISION FIELD OF CBRN RESPIRATOR 69

DISC 12 | Challenges 3
 INDIAN ARMY
PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 4
Problem Statement – 1: Li-fi Tech for OT’s/ MRI Centers

Organization Name Indian Army

Problem Statement/
Li-fi tech for OT's / MRI Centers
Challenge title
a. Li-fi is a bidirectional wireless system that transmits data via
LED or infrared light.
b. Li-fi can assist IOT (Internet of Things) in interconnecting all
sophisticated medical devices and helps in leveraging data out
Challenge of the various advanced waveform.
brief/definition c. Because of its ability to operate without any electromagnetic
interface, it can assist IOT in aero-medical evaluation as also in
underwater communications related to medical emergencies in
submarines and ships.

• Bidirectional wireless system

Future Expectation
• Assist IOT
from the prototype /
• Interconnecting all med devices
Technology
• Electromagnetic interface
developed
• Aeromedical evaluation

DISC 12 | Challenges 5
Problem Statement – 2: C-UAS bubble for VA/VP Protection
Using GNSS Jamming
Organization Name Indian Army
Problem Statement/
C-UAS bubble for VA/VP Protection Using GNSS Jamming
Challenge title
The modern-day conflicts world over has seen cost effective
solutions being employed to attack VAs/APs/HVTs. These include
employment of loitering ammunition, UAS, Drone Swarms etc.
Many of these attack vectors use some form of electronic guidance
and control signals to navigate towards the target. The need to protect
Vulnerable Areas (VAs) and Vulnerable Points (VPs) from UAS,
precision guided weapons/ missiles/ loitering munitions that uses
Challenge Satellite Positioning Systems/Mobile networks is of primary
brief/definition importance. Such UAS/weapons are using technology like hybrid
navigation system based on Inertial Navigation System (INS), Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and 2G/ 4G/ 5G networks, there
is thus a felt need for creation of an electronic Protection Dome for
VA/VPs/HVTs with a range of 25-30 kms. The electronic Dome
would provide soft kill options for any incoming threat vector and
prevent electronic spectrum fratricide thereby giving freedom of
operation for own assets.

Future Expectation 1. Detection, identification & classification and Jamming of Cont

from the prototype / Sig of C-UAS (upto 18 GHz)
Technology 2. Jamming and Spoofing (Position & Time) of GNSS.
Developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 6
Problem Statement – 3: Antiskid Tracks for BMP

Organization Name Indian Army

Problem Statement/
Antiskid Tracks for BMP in HAA and Glaciated Terrain
Challenge title
The Mechanised Infantry has seen a rise in its employment from
conventional terrain like deserts and ORT to HAA and mountains.
Being an equipment heavy arm, there are number of technical and
tactical issues that arise with the BMPs being employed in HAA. One
of the key strengths of the BMP is the ability to manoeuvre, however
Challenge
this ability gets hampered due to the ice accumulation on ground and
brief/definition
snow over which BMP is required to move. The BMP tracks are made
of metal, which due to prolonged used in mobile and static
employment get deteriorated and there is a loss of friction resulting
in the slipping and skidding of the BMP while taking turns and
applying brakes.
Future Expectation
from the prototype / Antiskid tracks to maintain effective traction in icy terrain, thus
Technology overcoming the issue of skidding and slipping.
developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 7
Problem Statement – 4: Analysis of SAR Imagery

Organization Name Indian Army

Problem Statement/ Analysis of SAR imagery using various tech to include SAR & EO
Challenge title Imagery fusion and Metadata exploitation.
The SAR imagery is extremely useful during inclement weather in
Target Areas and at night when Electro-optical (EO) sensors are
rendered unusable. However, SAR imagery is difficult to interpret
without EO reference image and extensive interpreter training &
experience. Even with availability of both, metadata file containing
critical material information remains un-exploited as it requires a
domain specialization.

1. SAR and EO imagery may be fused to render SAR imagery

more ‘readable’ and in the process features may also be extracted to
Challenge
highlight the changes. The user can define unchanging features such
brief/definition
as terrain and major infra as well as standard targets to ‘replace’/
enhance the image and targets therein.

2. Metadata SAR is interpreted at the best like an EO

imagery using qualitative associated features of shape, background
etc. However, metadata on many occasions contain derivable
information about the materials which may be useful for an
interpreter. The software tool may readily be trained/ programmed to
provide interpretation on these aspects, which otherwise require
specialized knowledge of physics and working of SAR.

Future Expectation The Software solution is required till sufficiently high-resolution

from the prototype/
SAR images are not available. Subsequently with high resolution
Technology
images also metadata exploitation may be continued to be utilized.
developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 8
Problem Statement – 5: Tethered Drone Mounted B/FWS
Antenna

Organization Name Indian Army

Problem Statement/ Tethered drone mounted B/FWS antenna for extended coverage
Challenge title area
There is requirement of increasing the height of FWS antenna(s) /
components of gNode B on a tethered drone operating at an altitude
of 100 meters so as to enhance the coverage area of FWS node
without compromising the throughput at the cell edge.
Present Tactical Communication system based on Field Wireless
System (FWS) are based on mobile platforms. The area is illuminated
Challenge based on retractable masts of height upto 18 mtrs. Based on the height
brief/definition of the antenna, power output, frequency band being used in FWS,
absorption and interference due to terrain or man-made structures,
there exist large number of shadow area. These shadow areas prohibit
seamless availability of mobile signals. To enhance the coverage area
of FWS, there is a need for increasing the height of the FWS antenna
upto 100 meters. The increase in height can be achieved by
developing the FWS antenna on a tethered drone.
1. The tethered drone should have endurance for prolonged
continuous operations upto 72 hr.
Future Expectation 2. The material used should provide substantial radar cross section
from the prototype /
reduction.
Technology
3. The camouflage pattern employed should make it difficult to
Developed
detect through naked eye/ any optical equipment.
4. The audio signature of the solution should be minimum.

DISC 12 | Challenges 9
 MISSION DEFSPACE
PROBLEM STATEMENT

DISC 12 | Challenges 10
Problem Statement – 6: V/UHF Satellite Applique Unit

Organization Name Indian Army (Mission DefSpace)

Problem Statement/ V/UHF Satellite Applique Unit for Satellite Software Defined
Challenge title Radios (SDRs).
There is a requirement of indigenous Handheld V/UHF Satellite
SDRs for being utilised by Indian Armed Forces in remote areas in
Indian Subcontinent.

Desirable features are as follows (form factors and specifications

are approximate guidelines and are subject to change for
betterment): -

• Total weight including battery – below 700gm

Challenge
• Programmable V/UHF Freq band
brief/definition
• SCA 4.1 or above compliant.
• Data Rate – Min 8 Kbps at all times over entire band.
• MANET Compatibility
• Fall back mode for connecting terrestrial TETRA/ UHF
station.
• Support communication on the move with speeds up to 60
Kmph
• Support minimum 256bit AES for Communication Security

DISC 12 | Challenges 11
 INDIAN NAVY
PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 12
Problem Statement – 7: Solid-State Amplifiers for 'X' Band
Radars

Organization Name Indian Navy

Problem Statement/ Development of Indigenous Solid-State Amplifiers for 'X' Band
Challenge title Radars
The escalating dependence on foreign Original Equipment
Manufacturers (OEMs) for the production and maintenance of X-
band radar amplifiers presents a critical challenge to national
security and technological autonomy. This reliance introduces
vulnerabilities, including potential risks such as supply chain
Challenge
disruptions, technology transfer issues, and limited control over
brief/definition
crucial components.

This project seeks to develop domestically produced solid-state

radar amplifiers (SSAS), reducing dependence on foreign OEMs
and promoting 'Atmanirbharta' (self-reliance)
This project aims to thoroughly investigate and address the
Future Expectation challenges specific to the reliance on foreign OEMs in X-band
from the prototype / radar amplifier systems. The overarching goal is to fortify domestic
Technology capabilities, ensure resilience, and advance technological self-
Developed sufficiency in the development and maintenance of X-band radar
amplifiers.

DISC 12 | Challenges 13
Problem Statement – 8: Offline NLP Based Near Real Time
Multilingual Language Translation System

Organization Name Indian Navy

Offline Natural Language Processing Based Near Real Time
Problem Statement/
Multilingual Language Translation System (Hardware and
Challenge title
Software) for various use cases
The field of NLP has seen a significant progress and various
software solution have been developed for language recognition,
translation, transcription, speaker recognition, speaker diarization,
keyword identification, emotion detection, voice to text, text to
text and text to voice etc. Accordingly, Indian Navy aims to
develop such system for wide range of use cases. However, the
entire solution is expected to be offline, trained on Indian Navy
specific parlance, multilingual, near real time and also extremely
secure. The system will be required to be developed in two modes
i.e. standalone and cloud (Will be integrated with NUD after
VAPT by India Navy CERT team).

Accordingly, the problem statement aims to develop following

modules of the system:

Module 1 (Real Time Translation for Training Schools). An

offline, near real time, multilingual translation module capable of
Challenge
reducing language barrier between the instructor and the student
brief/definition
at the training school. The software will have multiple features
like speech and text translation and will support languages of all
friendly nations including India's own coastal languages.

Module 2 (Multilingual Translation and Voice Generation

System for IN Ships). An offline translation module, for ships,
which will be integrated with the COMINT system and will have
an ability to transcript and translate all languages of regions,
where India Navy operates such IOR languages, Arabic dialect,
Houthi Yemen, Somali, Pashtu South Asian languages, Mandarin
etc. The system will also have a feature to generate audio alarms
in various languages based on the voice / text data input and will
also have an ability to interface with LRAD system available
onboard ships.

Module 3 (Cockpit Voice Recording Translation and Analysis

module for Air Stations). An offline system, for air stations,
capable of digital analysis of audio recordings for deriving

DISC 12 | Challenges 14
 multiple attributes like voice recognition, emotion detection,
keyword and conversation deviances from simple recorded audio
files

DISC 12 | Challenges 15
Problem Statement – 9: Starter to Enable the powering up of
the Russian Gas Turbine Generator GTG 1250-2E

Organization Name Indian Navy

Problem Statement/ Develop a starter that enables the powering up of the Russian Gas
Challenge title Turbine Generator GTG 1250-2E fitted on board IN ships.

IN ships have Russian origin gas turbine-based power generators

of 1250 KW. The Gas turbine-based turbo compressor is the
prime mover of the power plant that is coupled to a Reduction
Gear box. The other end of the Reduction Gear box is connected
to the alternator. The whole power plant is called Gas Turbine
Generator (GTG-1250-2E). However, to start and power up the
GTG, the initial torque is provided by two DC starter motors and
are mounted on the Reduction Gear Box. The engagement cycle
Challenge of the starter and the powering of the turbo compressor follows a
brief/definition pre- determined start cycle. The starters provide two types of start
i.e cold and hot start in which the starters draw current in the
range of 1900-3000 Amps. The GTG starters are of Russian
origin and there is no indigenous substitute for the same.

The challenge is to develop a starter (Qty 01) that meets the form,
fit and function in providing the initial torque requirements of
powering the GTG as per the start cycle. Based on the trials on
overhauled GTG at Eksila, Visakhapatnam, the item will be
replacement for Russian GTG 1250 2E.

The proposed starter should have long life, minimal maintenance

Future Expectation and high reliability that can operate in adverse operating
from the prototype / conditions such as humidity, dust, vibrations, heat, etc. onboard a
Technology warship in marine environment. Further, it should be capable of
Developed providing/ withstanding at least five successive starts, followed
by minimal intervening cooling down period.

DISC 12 | Challenges 16
Problem Statement – 10: Underwater Smart Communication
Buoy

Organization Name Indian Navy

Problem Statement/ Design and Development of Underwater Smart Communication
Challenge title Buoy
Design and development of Underwater Smart Communication
Buoy for underwater passive surveillance in open sea upto depth
of 200m with feature to surface at regular intervals for
transmission of data to base station through satellite
communication. The buoy should have the capability to operate
Challenge autonomously at variable programmed depth & location, collect
acoustic data, and employ edge computing for data analysis and
brief/definition
transmission of only critical data to base station via satellite link.
The buoy should be compact, smart and self-sustaining upto 90
days in open seas without human intervention.

This project seeks to develop domestically produced Underwater

Smart Communication Buoys, reducing dependence on foreign
OEMS and promoting 'Atmanirbharta' (self-reliance).

DISC 12 | Challenges 17
Problem Statement – 11: Deep Sea Seal for Shaftlines

Organization Name Indian Navy

Problem Statement/
Development of an Indigenous Deep-Sea Seal for Shaftlines.
Challenge title
To develop a Deep-Sea Seal for shaft diameter of 250 mm

The Deep-Sea Seal or commonly known as the Stern Tube Seal is

one of the critical components of the shaft line, which ensures the
watertight integrity by way of the stern tubes on board ships.
These seals are fitted on approximately 15 different classes of
Challenge
ships in commission with IN and are being installed onboard most
brief/definition
of the new ships under construction at various shipyards. This
seal is considered more effective than the conventional stern
gland packing, and it also reduces the chances of scoring of main
propulsion shaft.

Presently all deep-sea seals being utilised are imported from

foreign OEMs
The indigenous deep-sea seal should provide adequate sealing
arrangement as defined and should be able to withstand harsh
Future Expectation
marine conditions of high humidity and temperature. Post
from the prototype /
successful trials, the indigenous deep-sea seal would be
Technology
considered for fitment onboard existing IN ships as replacement
Developed
(when due) as well as for new construction projects.

DISC 12 | Challenges 18
 INDIAN AIR FORCE
PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 19
Problem Statement – 12: Drone based/ Innovative range
scoring system for Air to Ground weapons

Organization Name Indian Air Force

Problem Statement/ To develop a Drone based/ innovative range scoring system
Challenge title for Air to Ground weapons.
To develop a drone based/ innovative range scoring system
to provide air to ground weapon systems weapon firing
accuracy results by using multiple drones/ systems equipped
with sensors like camera/sound/light flash.
1. Air to Ground weapon firing is one of the most important
aspect of Air Power. It is absolutely imperative to assess the
Weapon impact in peace time so that it can be used for
training and improvement in Pilots skill levels. The present
scoring systems in IAF ranges are adequate. However, IA
ranges like KNFFR(Kargil) and MFFR(Suratgarh). which
are jointly utilised by IA and IAF do not have any standard
infrastructure for scoring usage. In addition, the specific
utilisation of IA, extreme weather conditions and Isolated
terrain, creation of infrastructure is a long drawn process
with huge costs.
2. Therefore, a Drone based Range Scoring System is found
essential for training. Such a system should be able to assess
the score, provide error, give an instantaneous display to the
Challenge brief/definition
operators for transmission to the pilot.
3. Such a system should be light weight/ should be man
portable. It should be operated by a maximum of two
operators though a single console. It should be autonomous
for tasks like fixing position of target, assessment of score,
data calculation, pilot/aircraft callsign correlation/ data
sorting etc based on IAF policies and SOPs.
4. The system should be All-weather and capable of
operating from the Extremely high temperatures of
MFFR(Suratgarh) to extremely cold temp of
KNFFR(Kargil).
5. It should be able to operate in Dust, Heat, light, High
vibrations, snow, strong winds and high altitudes.
6. It should have Geolocation capability corrected for errors.
It should have IN/GPS system based for correcting errors.
7. The payload should be suitable/interchangeable at high
altitude upto a height of 6km from ground.
8. It should have inherent emergency protocols in cases of
emergencies like network failure etc.

DISC 12 | Challenges 20
Problem Statement – 13: Flight Data Recorder (FDR) Using
Onboard Camera
Organization Name Indian Air Force

Problem Statement/ Flight Data Recorder (FDR) Using Onboard Camera

Challenge title
Challenge Currently many aircraft utilized by the IAF have limited
brief/definition parameters being recorded in FDR. This leads to insufficient data
during analysis of the flight.

It is proposed to utilize multiple onboard high-quality camera (with

built in memory and battery) to capture the gauges live. The AI
based image analysis can be utilized to decode the gauge images to
values every seconds. This data would provide the information of
every gauge (Digital/ Analog) in the format required for analysis
of sorties.
At second stage of this project, AI based data (obtained from this)
analysis can be used for predictive maintenance issues.
Future Expectation
from the prototype /
The advantage of this setup is mainly in the reduced modification
Technology
requirement in any aircraft. i.e. only the mounting of camera with
Developed
power supply (if possible, for long duration) facility needs to be
catered.

DISC 12 | Challenges 21
Problem Statement – 14: Artificial Intelligence for Human
Resource Management

Organization Name Indian Air Force

Problem Statement
Artificial Intelligence for Human Resource Management
/Challenge title
To create an Artificial Intelligence based system to plan and
execute movement of personnel on postings to various locations.

The AI based model to be based on organisational/ personal

requirements and career progression. reference data parameters of
officer’s qualifications, tenure at location. and professional
growth in order to ensure organisational as well as personal
contentment

1. Human Resource Management (HRM) is a vital function

of the IAF, as it involves attracting. developing and
retaining the best talent. One of the challenges of HRM to
plan optimal transfers of officers across different units,
locations, and roles, based on their qualifications.
performance and preferences. Postings help officers to
gain new skills. experience, and exposure as well as to
enhance their motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty.
However, existing methods planning transfers are often
Challenge
manual, subjective, and sometimes inefficient resulting in
brief/definition
the following problems: -

(a) High costs in terms of manpower utilisation and spent

on administrative tasks. such as collecting and analysing
officers’ data, communicating with individual officers
and relevant chain of command and coordinating the
posting process.
(b) Prevention of Low accuracy and fairness of posting
decisions, as they may be influenced by human biases,
errors or preferences, and may not consider all the
relevant factors and constraints.
(c) Poor outcomes and feedback from individuals, field &
Cmd HQ as they may not be satisfied with posting
decisions or may face difficulties in adapting to the new
environment, role, or team

2. Therefore, the objective of this AI is to plan optimal

postings of officers based on organizational/ personal
requirements, qualifications and tenure. It should be able
DISC 12 | Challenges 22
 to ensure optimal career planning of the individual based
on relevant orders, instructions and regulations while
ensuring professional growth in the organization, Al
should be able to execute following functions: -

(a) Automate and streamline the posting planning

process. by using advanced data processing and analytics
techniques. such natural language processing machine
learning. and optimization.

(b) Improve the accuracy and fairness of posting

decisions, by using objective and transparent criteria,
and by considering multiple factors and constraints, such
as organizational needs and goals, officers' performance,
qualifications and preferences and relevant policies and
regulations.

(c) Enhance the outcomes and feedback from individual

officers and organization as a whole, by providing
personalized and timely recommendations and by
supporting the posting implementation and evaluation,
such as providing training, mentoring and feedback.

A modular AI based system is required to undertake tasks based

on historical data. policies, guidelines and individuals’ ability to
achieve the tasks. The modules may be able to present dashboards
present probable solutions, and present analysis of a specific
movement on other locations. The software must be able to run
on dummy data during developmental phase.
Future Expectation The AI should be able to handle routine tasks involved in posting
from the prototype / planning process keeping personal and organisational needs
Technology including correspondence generation, analysis, skill mapping and
Developed personal choices.

DISC 12 | Challenges 23
Problem Statement – 15: Helicopter Electronic Glide path-
based Landing system

Organization Name Indian Air Force

Design & Development of Helicopter Electronic Glide path-based
Problem Statement
Landing system.
/ Challenge title
To design and develop a Helicopter Electronic Glide path-based
Landing system.

Instrument landing aids providing electronic glide path for landing

are unavailable at helipads.

Most of the helicopter landings are carried out by visual

references, this restricts operations of helipads during poor
visibility conditions.

A system is required that: -

(a) Assists helicopter for landing on helipads in hills in poor

visibility.
(b) The system must have failure monitoring and
Challenge
degradation visual/aural warnings.
brief/definition
(c) The system may generate electronic glide path

A system must be able to provide electronic glide path signals.

The system may be transportable, configurable for different
locations, configured for non- standard glide path angles.

The system may be able to provide failure indications,

deterioration data and monitor helicopter flight path and may be
compatible with aircraft ILS system.

The system may be a novel concept for guidance during landing

by using ground equipment and compatible portable avionics to be
carried onboard helicopter for landing.

The deliverables would be Helipad system — 02; Aircraft system

– 04
Future Expectation
from the prototype
Integration of system in helicopter avionics
/ Technology
Developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 24
Problem Statement – 16: AI Based Prediction Model for Bird
Hazard Management System

Organization Name Indian Air Force

Problem Statement / Simple Artificial Intelligence Based Prediction Model for Bird
Challenge Title Hazard Management System
1. The aim of this software tool is to predict the risk of bird-
aircraft collision in real time. The tool will model the spatial-
temporal density distributions of key Bird- species in and around
the target airfields. It will generate the bird density distributions
based on extensive field observations and real time
meteorological Conditions along with expert knowledge. The tool
will combine the model bird density distributions with historical
bird collision data to predict the quantified risk of bird-aircraft
collision at any point of time, any day of year at the target
airfields of Indian Air Force.

2. The entire project shall consist of following modules: -

(a) Average Bird Density Prediction.
This will be the basic module used in bird density
predictions. The generated results will be based on
Challenge historical data. generally expected seasonal trends
brief/definition under average conditions and expert knowledge of bird
behaviour and habitat affecting factors

(b) Real-Time Bird Density Correction: This

module will interface with remote sensors to monitor
climate and other meteorological conditions. Based on
the real time conditions. it will refine and update the
predictions from the previous average model for the
immediate next 24hrs to 3 days

(c) Bird-Aircraft Collision Hazard Quantification. The

level of hazard posed by each individual bird species
needs to be quantified. It will be analyzed from the data
obtained from Air Force Bird-Strike database. A
composite hazard risk will be computed based on the
number of strikes. level of associated damage and mass
of each individual bird species.
Future Expectation
from the prototype / The technology when developed can be used for all airports (Civil
Technology / Military) in India.
Developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 25
 INDIAN COAST GUARD
PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 26
Problem Statement – 17: Communication between Machinery
Control Room and Engine Room watch keepers

Organization Name Indian Coast Guard

Problem Statement / Communication between Machinery Control Room and Engine

Challenge title Room watch keepers.
Communication among MCR and Engine Room watch keepers in
noisy environment.
Challenge Good communication between MCR and Engine Room watch
brief/definition keepers plays vital role in safe operation during any evolution and
defect rectification. However, because of loud noise inside Engine
rooms, effective clear communication is often a challenge, which
may lead to miscommunication and accidents.
Visual communication in forms of display in addition to audio
could be a solution which may incorporate following features: -
Future Expectation • Auto conversion of audio to text message on the display.
from the prototype / • Default in-built text message for standard
Technology orders/communication.
Developed • Integrated audio video alarm along with display.
• Portable remote control for watchkeepers to
• Acknowledge and report with standard texts.

DISC 12 | Challenges 27
Problem Statement – 18: 25KW and 35 KW Radars

Organization Name Indian Coast Guard

Problem Statement /
Development of Indigenised 25KW and 35 KW Radars.
Challenge title
Non availability of Indigenised 25KW and 35 KW Radars.

The RADAR is an acronym for Radio Detection and Ranging. It

is used onboard ship for obtaining the pulsed to identify the
Challenge
distance of the objects from the ships. The two types of RADARs
brief/definition
installed onboard ICG ships are operating in X-Band 8-12 GHz
and S-Band 2-4 GHz of frequencies. The 25 KW and 12 KW of
RADARs are installed onboard FPVs, whereas 35 KW and 25
KW RADARs are installed onboard OPVs. The RADARS are not
being manufactured in India and needs to be Indigenised.
Future Expectation
from the prototype / Mass production of the RADARs for usages onboard ships as
Technology COTS item.
Developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 28
Problem Statement – 19: AC compressor for Marine ACs

Organization Name Indian Coast Guard

Problem Statement /
Development of Indigenised AC compressor for Marine ACs.
Challenge title
Non availability of Indigenised Compressor for Marine ACs.

The ICG ships are installed with Air Conditioning compressor of

Challenge foreign origin generally of Make: Bitzer. The compressors are the
brief/definition most important part of the system for functioning of AC plant.
The compressors are generally of capacity 60-80 tons as per
cooling requirement of ships air conditioning space. The AC
compressors in this capacity are not manufactured in India and
needs to be Indigenised.
Future Expectation
Indigenised availability of compressor for marine ACs within the
from the prototype /
country for ease of maintenance and reduce dependence on
Technology
foreign OEMs.
Developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 29
Problem Statement – 20: shaft bearings used onboard
Vishwast, Samarth, Sachet class of Vessels

Organization Name Indian Coast Guard

Problem Statement/ Indigenization of shaft bearings used onboard Vishwast, Samarth,
Challenge title Sachet class of Vessels.
ICG Vishwast, ICGS Samarth and ICGS Sachet Class ships have
M/s Railko shaft bearings installed. Further, it is submitted that
the lead time of Railko bearings are approx. 5-6 weeks and are
imported from I-JK. Renewal of the bearings have an impact on
Challenge
the docking period of the ship and the DCD of the ship gets
brief/definition
affected. An indigenization for manufacturing of Railko bearings
can reduce the lead time for supply of spares. Further, the
manufacturer should cater for stage inspection along with class
recommendations in order to have a quality control of the
product.
Future Expectation
from the prototype / The indigenization of the bearings can reduce the lead time of the
Technology product
Developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 30
 BHARAT ELECTRONICS
LIMITED (BEL)
PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 31
Problem Statement – 21: Silicon / Compound Semiconductor
based high power pulsed Laser Diode

Organization Name Bharat Electronics Limited

Design and fabrication of Silicon / Compound
Problem Statement/ Semiconductor based high power pulsed Laser Diode
Challenge title used for Proximity Fuze
Silicon or Compound Semiconductor based Pulsed Laser
Diode used for proximity fuze have the following
specifications:

a) Material: GaAs / InGaAs

b) Laser Diode: Pulsed Laser Diode
c) Peak Power: 500 Watts
Challenge brief/definition d) Wavelength: 905nm
e) Spectral BW: 7nm
f) Beam Spread: 10o Degrees
g) Number of elements: 2 X (4 X 3)
h) Emitting Area: 800 x 300 um
i) Max Pulse Duration: 150 ns

The developed prototype laser diode should be such that

Future Expectation from the
it can be used in the existing proximity fuze and hence
prototype / Technology
should match the form factor along with all the functional
Developed
specification of the imported laser diode

DISC 12 | Challenges 32
Problem Statement – 22: Proximity Sensor of Aerial Bomb
Fuze for activating Fuze firing circuit
Organization Name Bharat Electronics Limited

Problem Statement / To develop Proximity Sensor of Aerial Bomb Fuze for

Challenge title activating Fuze firing circuit

The Proximity Sensor should function correctly when the

Fuze is subjected to the following carriage envelope: -
a) Max Altitude : 18 km or more
b) Mach No. : 1.5 or more
c) ‘G’ Loading : -4g to +7.5g
d) Ambient Operating temp: -50°C to +71°C

The Proximity sensor:

a) Should be able to be mounted inside existing Aerial
Bomb Fuze.
b) Should activate Fuze firing circuit at height of
Challenge brief/definition 9±3M from target at all weather conditions and
terrain.
c) Should be immune to external RF noise
d) Should have no maintenance through its entire life
cycle.
e) Reliability ≥ 95%
f) Shelf Life : Minimum 15-years with the required
reliability

The Proximity sensor is assembled inside plastic (Noryl,

GFN2) enclosure (Radome) and potted with polyurethane
potting material.

Future Expectation from the Prototype will be integrated with Aerial Fuze and
prototype / Technology subjected to validation trials. Upon successful validation,
developed bulk production will be taken up depending upon end
customer requirements.

DISC 12 | Challenges 33
Problem Statement – 23: Proximity Sensor of Naval Artillery
Fuze for activating Fuze firing circuit

Organisation Name
Bharat Electronics Limited
Problem Statement / To develop Proximity Sensor of Naval Artillery Fuze for activating
Challenge title Fuze firing circuit

The Proximity Sensor shall function on proximity against fast

moving high performance aerial targets and sea skimming missiles
where the characteristics of the target are within the following
envelope: -
a) Speed of the Target: Up to 1.5 Mach
b) Minimum Attack Height: > 5m above the peak of waves.
c) Minimum Target Dia: 0.3m
d) Height of Function: 0.5m to 30m above the target.
e) Range of Functioning: 500m from muzzle to Max. Gun
range.

The Proximity Sensor:

a) Should be able to be mounted inside existing Artillery
Challenge Proximity Fuze cone.
brief/definition b) Should comprise of RF antenna working on FMCW
principle with characteristics of beam pattern such that the
sensitivity at the front is zero and maximum at 30-50° wrt
fore and aft axis.
c) Should provide Sea clutter rejection.
d) Should survive the Naval SRGM Artillery Gun firing
acceleration
e) Should be immune to external RF noise
f) Should have no maintenance through its entire life cycle.
g) Reliability ≥ 95%
h) Shelf Life : Minimum 10-years with the required reliability
i) Operating conditions of -20°C to +55°C with Humidity of
+95%
The Proximity sensor is assembled inside plastic (Noryl, GFN2)
enclosure (Radome) and potted with polyurethane potting material.
Future Expectation
from the prototype / Prototype will be integrated with Naval Fuze and subjected to
Technology validation trials. Upon successful validation, bulk production will be
developed taken up depending upon end customer requirements

DISC 12 | Challenges 34
Problem Statement – 24: Frequency Difference of Arrival
based Direction of Arrival for Radar Signals
Organization Name Bharat Electronics Limited

Problem Statement / Frequency Difference of Arrival (FDoA) based Direction of

Challenge title Arrival for Radar Signals

Accurate measurement of DoA (direction of arrival) based

on FDOA technique.
Challenge brief/definition New DoA measurement technique which provides more
accurate measurement of DoA in highly compact size of
the AHU (Antenna Head Unit) without any restrictions on
position of AHU being mounted on platform.
Currently utilizing the existing technology which are based
Future Expectation from the on Amplitude and Phase techniques, but due to platform
prototype / Technology constraints imposed by customer, a suitable technical
developed solution based on FDOA technique is identified and will be
used in all upcoming future programmes.

DISC 12 | Challenges 35
 HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS
LIMITED (HAL)
PROBLEM STATEMENT

DISC 12 | Challenges 36
Problem Statement – 25: Wireless and Telemetry-based
Temperature & Strain Measurement system

Organization Name HAL

Problem Statement / Development of “Wireless and Telemetry-based

Challenge title Temperature & Strain Measurement system”

Wireless Temperature & Strain measurement system is

required to monitor Bearing Health during operation
when both the races of Bearing are rotating (at different
rpm)
a) Bearing Inner Race speed: 16500 rpm
b) Bearing Outer Race speed: 24500 rpm
c) Preferable location to measure Temperature /
Strain: Inner Race
d) Preferable Radial Height: 35 mm
e) Envelop (outside which measurement need to be
sensed): F700 mm
f) Sensor to be etched / sticked on target component
Challenge brief/definition and signal to be transmitted to a receiver
[mounted outside engine casing (static part)]
g) Max. Temperature Sensor needs to sustain during
assembly: 190 ˚C for 45 minutes (heating in oil
bath)
h) Max. Temperature Sensor has to read during
operation: 200 ˚C
i) Max. Static Temperature Sensor has to read: 300
˚C
j) Temperature in vicinity: 150 ˚C (approx.)
k) Environment (where Sensor to be mounted) is
expected to be submerged in Oil (OX27 / OX35)
during operation

Future Expectation from the

Wireless Measurement of Temperature & Strain so
prototype / Technology developed will be used for ground application on fan
developed engine under development at HAL

DISC 12 | Challenges 37
 BHARAT EARTH MOVERS
LIMITED (BEML)
PROBLEM STATEMENT

DISC 12 | Challenges 38
Problem Statement – 26: Hydraulically operated Main Winch
with 50T single line pull
Organization Name BEML

Problem Statement / Design and development of Hydraulically operated Main

Challenge title Winch with 50T single line pull - Arjun ARRV
Problem Statement brief:
a) Double capstan type winch, the rope under tension enters
the winch and winds itself on the twin capstan drums,
which are grooved for preventing the rope from slipping
axially over the drum surface.
b) The rope leaving the capstans with nominal tension and is
stored in a winding drum. Drives should be provided to
both the capstans which rotate at the same rpm and the
storage drum rotating speed needs to be matched with
capstan winch by mechanical / hydraulic means.
c) Compact design for better space management inside the
Arjun ARRV hull hydrostatic driven storage drum is
required. Hydrostatic drives also permit steplessly variable
speeds, thereby enabling better operational flexibility and
control, particularly when very high loads need inching by
the recovery winch.

Challenge brief
Challenge
a) Hydraulically operated, Double capstan-type with storage
brief/definition drum and Pay-on mechanism.
b) 50 tonne single line Pull with Max. stall pulling force for
winch system shall not exceed 60 tonne.
c) Hydraulic system Working Pressure shall be 360 bar
(Max.) with Overload protection & Auto Stop
Mechanism.
d) Min. Braking force of wire rope should not be less than
100 T, the rope end fixed to the winch rope shall
withstand at least 2 times the rated pulling force of 50
tonne and the rope end shall be field replaceable by
minimum shortening of rope length, allowing quick
deployment.
e) Integrated hydrostatic drive with continuously variable
speed control for both winch-in and winch-out.
f) Winch IN - Maximum single line pulling force of 50 tonne
shall be achieved at a rope speed >= 7 m/min and Winch
OUT Maximum pull force of 2 tonne shall be achieved at
a rope speed >= 55 m/min.
g) Compact design to suit within the envelope inside Arjun
ARRV.

DISC 12 | Challenges 39
 h) Main Winch shall be complied with JSS-55555, MIL
810F and MIL 2164A.
i) The associated accessories shall include Rope cleaning
device & Hour Meter, Essential tools for adjustments,
operation & maintenance and Seal kit.
j) Single control system (Pendant with 10m chord) for both
Main Winch and Aux. Winch, provision to be made for 2
separate sockets 1 inside the Hull structure & the other at
outside the Hull structure, with a fixed instrument panel
with LED Indication on Driver Control panel for winches
operation
a) The prototype of proposed design shall be developed and
engineered on the recovery tanks for performance
Future Expectation evaluation. After design completion along with proto
validation of the design, the same will be extended for
from the prototype /
Arjun Armoured Recovery and Repair Vehicle (Arjun
Technology developed ARRV).
b) The design technology shall be extended for all the
Armoured recovery variants by varying the winching
capacity as per the user specification/requirement.

DISC 12 | Challenges 40
 MISHRA DHATU NIGAM
LIMITED (MIDHANI)

PROBLEM STATEMENT

DISC 12 | Challenges 41
Problem Statement – 27: Electrolytic Manganese Production
Organization Name MIDHANI
Problem Statement /
Indigenization of Electrolytic Manganese production
Challenge title
Production of Electrolytic Manganese as per the MIDHANI
specification.

There is regular requirement of Electrolytic Manganese metal

in steel making industries. Currently good quality of this
master alloy is being imported. There is need to have a reliable
indigenes source for these master alloy.
Electrolytic manganese is a pure form of the metallic element
manganese, Mn. The Mn content between 99.7% -99.9%. It is
termed "electrolytic" because the refining process involves
electrolysis. That is, a chemical reaction driven by an electric
current. It finds wide applications in metallurgical industries as
an alloying element. Electrolytic manganese in the form of
flakes is used for alloying in highly critical alloy steels,
stainless steels, etc due to its low content of undesirable tramp
elements.
Challenge
brief/definition The specification of Electrolytic Manganese is given below.
Elements Midhani Specification
Mn 99.7% Min
Si 0.3% Max
P 0.03% Max
Co 0.02% Max
Fe 0.2% Max
C 0.03% Max
S 0.03% Max
H2 0.001Max
Size 15-120mm
(Lumps/Flakes)

Future Expectation There is regular requirement of this Manganese metal by

from the prototype / MIDHANI and other steel industries. The product Should meet
Technology developed the specification of Electrolytic Manganese

DISC 12 | Challenges 42
 BHARAT DYNAMICS
LIMITED (BDL)

PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 43
Problem Statement – 28: Ground Power Supply Bottle (GPSB)
for Missile
Organization Name BDL
Problem Statement/ Challenge Development of Ground Power Supply Bottle
Title (GPSB) for missile
GPSB is a critical component which supplies
Nitrogen Gas and powers the missile during tracking
of target. Ignition pulse to the missile is provided by
GPSB. The GPSB in current batch of missiles
available with Indian Armed Forces are life expired.
Challenge brief/definition Hence, the same needs to be developed and
replacement has to be carried out.

New GPSB has to be developed to replace the

existing life expired GPSB in missile to make the
missile system
Future Expectation from the The developed prototype should be compatible with
prototype / Technology developed missile without affecting its functionality.

DISC 12 | Challenges 44
Problem Statement – 29: MIL Grade Airborne Connectors
Organization Name BDL

Problem Statement / Indigenous Development of MIL Grade Airborne

Challenge title Connectors

Currently these connectors are being imported. These

are proposed for indigenization to reduce lead times and
cost.
Challenge brief/definition
The connectors are W and R series of M/s AirBorn. The
connectors that are developed should be one to one
replacement (same size and pin count) to the existing
imported connectors.
Future Expectation from the
prototype / Technology These connectors should meet MIL Standards. These
developed connectors will be used in Airborne equipment.

DISC 12 | Challenges 45
 ADVANCED WEAPONS AND
EQUIPMENT INDIA LIMITED
(AWEIL)

PROBLEM STATEMENT

DISC 12 | Challenges 46
Problem Statement – 30: Autonomous/ Remote Controlled
Robot Mounted with Sniper

Organization Name AWEIL

Problem Statement/ To develop autonomous/remote controlled Robot mounted
Challenge title with Sniper

To develop autonomous controlled robot for remote operations

Challenge of Sniper Rifles with capabilities like operation in rough
brief/definition outdoor terrains considered as sandy, rocky, muddy remote
operation. (GPS guided Navigation).

Future Expectation It will be big advantage for army to fight in tough

from the prototype / environmental conditions with-out compromising the safety of
Technology developed soldiers.

DISC 12 | Challenges 47
 BORDER ROADS
ORGANISATION (BRO)

PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 48
Problem Statement – 31: Digital Elevation Model of Areas for
Tunnel

Organization Name Border Roads Organisation

AI based system to develop a Digital Elevation Model of the areas
Problem Statement/
to work out various tunnel alignments.
Challenge title

AI based system to take into account the gradient profile of the

area, approach roads to tunnel portals and other factors like cost
Challenge
and time for construction for suggesting alignment options. These
brief/definition
factors should be operated on toggle mode so that user can
stipulate relevant factors.

Future Expectation
from the prototype / Suggesting the best option for tunnel alignment based on various
Technology stipulated factors.
developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 49
Problem Statement – 32: Construction of roads
Organization Name Border Roads Organisation
Problem Statement/ Construction of roads over moraines / Permafrost/ glaciated
Challenge title areas.
a) BRO continues to construct roads in super high-
altitude areas along India’s Northern borders, where
the ground is underlain with permafrost/ moraines/
glaciers.
(b) The alarming pace of climate change in recent years
has triggered repeated cycles of freezing and
thawing of permafrost, because of which the natural
Challenge brief/definition
sub-grade has become unstable causing damage to
existing roads and preventing construction of new
roads in such like areas.
(c) The challenge is to either find innovative means to
stabilise the sub-grade or develop technology for
construction of roads over permafrost/ moraines/
glaciers

Future Expectation from

Boost road infrastructure in snow bound and glaciated
the prototype / Technology
terrain
developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 50
 ARMED FORCES MEDICAL
SERVICES
(AFMS)

PROBLEM STATEMENTS

DISC 12 | Challenges 51
Problem Statement – 33: Male Incontinence Device
Organization Name AFMS
Problem Statement/
Development of Male incontinence device
Challenge title
Urinary incontinence is a problem not only in aging population but
also in young soldiers who develop neurogenic bladder either due to
spinal cord injury or as a complication of some other surgery. This
has a significant negative impact on the physical, mental, emotional,
social, and economic wellbeing of the patient.
To tackle this problem there are few options available but each one
of them is plagued with complications and other issues. These
options and the issues with them are as under:

1. Use of absorptions devices such as diapers: Use of diapers is

associated with greater risk of urinary tract infections and skin
excoriation besides the issue of frequent diaper changes. Also, it
may be uncomfortable to wear in a warm tropical climate.

2. Use of penile clamps: The physical device is not suitable for

elderly bed bound patients. Also, a regular use of these clamps may
lead to penile ulcerations and at times gangrene.

Challenge 3. Use of U drains or condom catheters: This is the better option of

the lot but again its application may be an issue with frequent
brief/definition
slippage and urine spills besides development of penile ulcers on
prolonged usage.

4. Use of indwelling catheter: Prolonged use of catheter can not

only increase the incidence of urinary tract infection but also the
brings about changes in the bladder mucosa due to chronic irritation
and also allows stone formation.

The hunt for an ideal urinary incontinence device is ongoing. A

device which is not bulky, comfortable to wear, does not leak, does
not cause skin changes and does not increase the chances of urinary
tract infection.

For this purpose, it is proposed to develop a condom like device

which does not stick but is kept in place by some other mechanism
without causing any trauma. The condom should have a chamber
within it with a non-return valve and a solidifying material which
turns the urine into a gel form preventing spillage and hence
chances of skin complications or UTI.
Future Expectation
from the prototype
Should be made commercially available at cheap price.
developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 52
Problem Statement – 34: AI Based Comprehensive Device for
Detection of Cognitive Disturbances

Organization Name AFMS

Development of Artificial Intelligence Based Comprehensive
Problem Statement/
Device for Detection of Cognitive Disturbances
Challenge title
Demand for continuous cognitive excellence exists, but existing
methods for monitoring cognitive health are insufficient because of
the lack of real-time, objective assessments leading to undetected
cognitive impairments and resulting in suboptimal performance in
day-to-day life.

Current method of detection is based on different devices and

questionnaires which are highly subjective in nature at
interpretational point of view. Therefore, there is an urgent need for
an innovative solution that can continuously and accurately monitor
the cognitive functions of any person in real-time, providing
Artificial Intelligence based actionable insights to prevent cognitive
decline and enhance overall mental health. Development of a
comprehensive device containing specific hardware & software is
the target of this project.

1. Operational Environment Constraints

Challenge
brief/definition Sometimes working environments are characterized by unique
and extreme conditions that pose significant challenges for any
biomedical device. These include:
Motion and Vibration: Environments with constant motion and
varying degrees of vibration and instability require a neurocognitive
assessment tool to maintain accurate readings despite these physical
disruptions.
Space Limitations: Confined spaces require that any wearable or
portable device be compact and non-intrusive to avoid interfering
with activities.
Harsh Conditions: Devices must be durable enough to withstand
humidity, salinity, temperature extremes, and possible exposure to
chemicals or other hazardous materials

2. Data Accuracy and Reliability

Ensuring the accuracy and reliability of cognitive assessments

in real-time presents several challenges:

DISC 12 | Challenges 53
 Sensor Precision: The sensors used to monitor cognitive functions
must be highly sensitive and precise to detect subtle changes in
brain activity, heart rate variability, eye movements, and other
physiological indicators.

Artifact Removal: Data collected in dynamic environments will

likely include noise and artifacts. Robust algorithms, enhanced by
AI, are required to filter out irrelevant data and maintain the
integrity of cognitive measurements.

3. Real-Time Data Processing

The need for real-time data analysis introduces several

technological challenges:
Processing Power: Real-time analysis requires significant
computational resources, which must be balanced with the need for
a portable and power-efficient device.
Latency: Minimizing latency in data transmission and processing is
critical to provide timely feedback and alerts.
Algorithm Robustness: AI and machine learning models must be
trained to accurately interpret data from diverse individuals under
varying conditions, ensuring reliable performance across the entire
population.

4. User Comfort and Acceptance

The device must be designed with the end-user in mind to

ensure comfort and acceptance:
Wearability: The device should be lightweight, ergonomic, and
comfortable for extended use without causing discomfort or
interfering with regular activities.
User Training: Users must be adequately trained to use the device
correctly and interpret its AI-driven feedback effectively.

5. Privacy and Security

Given the sensitive nature of health data, maintaining data

privacy and security is paramount:
Data Encryption: All collected data must be securely encrypted to
prevent unauthorized access.
Compliance with Regulations: The device must comply with
relevant medical data protection regulations, ensuring that personal
health information is handled according to strict standards.
User Consent: Clear protocols must be in place to obtain informed
consent from users for data collection and AI-driven analysis.
For maximum effectiveness, the neurocognitive assessment tool
must integrate seamlessly with existing health management and
operational systems:

DISC 12 | Challenges 54
 Compatibility: The device should be compatible with existing
software and hardware systems used in healthcare.
Interoperability: Ensuring smooth data exchange between the
assessment tool and other health monitoring systems is critical for
comprehensive health management.
Scalability: The system must be scalable to accommodate the needs
of a large and diverse population, utilizing AI to manage and
analyze the increased data efficiently.

6. Validation and Acceptance

The development and deployment of the neurocognitive assessment
tool must be backed by rigorous validation to ensure its efficacy and
acceptance:
Clinical Trials: Extensive clinical trials are necessary to validate
the accuracy and reliability of the device across various patient
groups and conditions.
User Feedback: Continuous feedback from users will be essential
to refine and improve the device's AI applications.
Regulatory Approval: Obtaining necessary regulatory approvals
for medical devices is critical to ensure safety and compliance with
healthcare standards.
Expectation Description
Continuous monitoring and early
detection of cognitive
Improved Cognitive Health
impairments, leading to timely
interventions.
Maintenance of optimal
Enhanced Operational cognitive function, reducing
Readiness errors and enhancing mission
success rates.
Ergonomic and comfortable
wearable device that is easy to
User-Friendly Design
Future Expectation use and does not interfere with
from the prototype / duties.
Technology Real-time data analysis
developed providing actionable insights for
Data-Driven Insights
both individuals and medical
personnel.
Seamless integration with
existing health management
Integration with Health
systems present in hospitals for
Systems
comprehensive health
monitoring.
Ability to expand deployment
across different healthcare
Scalability settings and patient populations
while maintaining optimal
performance, leveraging AI for

DISC 12 | Challenges 55
 efficient management of diverse
data requirements.
Robust design capable of
withstanding harsh
Durability environments, including motion,
humidity, and temperature
extremes.
Ensured data privacy and
security through encryption and
compliance with stringent data
Secure Data Management
protection standards, integrating
AI for enhanced data security
measures.
Machine learning algorithms
adaptable to individual cognitive
Customizable Algorithms
baselines and varying
operational conditions.
Economical production and
Cost-Effectiveness maintenance costs, making
widespread adoption feasible.
Full compliance with medical
device regulations and military
Regulatory Compliance
standards, ensuring safe and
approved use.
High levels of user satisfaction
Positive User Feedback and acceptance, leading to
consistent and correct usage.
Improved training and support
Enhanced Training Protocols systems for personnel on using
the device effectively.
Immediate notifications of
potential cognitive issues,
Real-Time Alerts
allowing for proactive
management.

Ongoing refinement and updates

Continual Improvement based on user feedback and
technological advancements.

Utilizing AI for continuous and

Enhanced Cognitive Health accurate monitoring of cognitive
Monitoring functions to detect early signs of
decline.
Designing user-friendly
Improved User Experience
interfaces and comfortable

DISC 12 | Challenges 56
 wearable devices for ease of use
by patients.
AI-driven analytics generating
actionable insights from
Data-Driven Insights
cognitive health data for
personalized interventions.
Seamless integration with
Integration with Healthcare existing healthcare systems for
Systems compatibility, interoperability,
and scalability.
Implementing robust data
encryption and compliance with
Privacy and Security
medical data protection
regulations for patient safety.
Conducting comprehensive
clinical trials to validate
Clinical Validation
efficacy, reliability, and safety in
real-world settings.

DISC 12 | Challenges 57
Problem Statement – 35: Inflight Urination Device for Female
Fighter Pilots
Organization Name AFMS
Development of Inflight Urination Device for Female Fighter Pilots

Problem Statement/ Multirole fighter aircraft worldwide are capable of long duration
Challenge title flying. Inflight urination is a critical combat requirement during
such missions. Due to anatomical differences in gender, it is crucial
to develop an inflight urination device for female fighter pilots.
Female fighter pilots are now part of each fleet of fighter aircraft of
Indian Air Force. Multirole fighter aircraft are capable of long
duration flying. During such sorties, male fighter pilots wear
condom catheters for inflight urination, however a solution for
female counterpart is not available. Off the shelf products are not
compatible with the restraint system of ejection seats. In case any
such product may be compatible, they are not tested for aircraft
compatibility. In the absence of an effective inflight urination
Challenge device, female fighter pilots are unable to exploit full potential of
brief/definition these multirole aircraft.

Due to the physiological restriction of relieving oneself during long

duration sorties, long stretches of duty in harsh climatic conditions,
the role of fighter pilots in these fleet are restricted.

To overcome this challenge, engagement of startups and

innovation are required to create prototypes and start testing them
for aircraft compatibility.
Future Expectation
from the prototype/ To develop an airworthy product to overcome the physiological
limitation of female fighter pilots. The same may be used in future
Technology
for Indian female astronauts.
developed

DISC 12 | Challenges 58
Problem Statement – 36: Feedback Loop Extravasation
Detection & Alarm System

Organization Name AFMS

Problem Statement/
Development of Feedback loop extravasation detection and alarm system
Challenge title
To design and develop an automated closed feedback loop Intravenous Fluid
(IV) Infiltration and Extravasation Detection and Alarm system and
integration in the feedback loop of infusion pump system

Approaches to managing extravasation till date primarily focus on measures

to aid in preventing tissue damage, reversal agents specific to the type of
extravasation, and surgical intervention if necessary. Relative effectiveness
of these strategies across the variety of extravasation injuries that present in
clinical practice remains contentious. There is a lack of a primary prevention
approach in real-life case scenario towards extravasation injuries.

An innovative solution for primary prevention and limitation of

extravasation at the point of care is needed. Currently there is no automated
IV infiltration and extravasation monitoring system capable of continuous
monitoring of IV fluid infiltration and subsequent extravasation of the
infused IV fluids in the subcutaneous extravascular compartment. This could
be in terms of an objective method to quantify infiltration and extravasation
through progressive changes in the local tissue dimensions, interstitial
compartment pressures and physical characteristics/properties of the skin
Challenge around the IV cannula insertion site using sensors applied locally distal to the
brief/definition IV cannula insertion site. These sensors can be of materials which can adapt
to the local site, potentially integrated with the IV fixation mechanism and
operate on optical or piezoelectric principles with a sensitivity to detect
minor changes induced by infiltration and extravasation.

The challenge lies in designing low-cost automated system which

a) Provides an early objective assessment and warning system for IV

infiltration and extravasation across various calibres of IV cannulas from
26G to 14G size, AND

b) is biocompatible with the skin across all age groups especially

neonates, children and geriatric populations, AND

c) is capable of handling subjective variability, motion artefacts,

undesirable signal drifts over time AND

d) integrates and functions well with the existing IV site

dressing/securing methods, AND

DISC 12 | Challenges 59
 e) functions as a feedback loop alarm system wherein acquired signal(s)
from the monitoring system are integrated into the IV infusion pump
system in order to implement a close-loop alarm and control of the IV
infusion pump system, AND

f) ease to operate with high fidelity which maximizes monitoring

efficacy and objectivity with minimal need for human interface
i. To be integrated with IV infusion pump systems of any make for better
patient safety in hospital settings across entire age spectrum

ii. Open platform design compatible with existing IV securing techniques

Future Expectation iii. Will prevent morbidities associated with the extravasation incidents
from the prototype while saving on precious nursing care times by early detection of even minor
/ Technology swellings at the catheterization independent of individual caregiver
developed subjectivity

iv. Should be able to account for motion artefacts imposed by movement of

subjects

v. Should lead to reduction of extravasation events

DISC 12 | Challenges 60
Problem Statement – 37: MRI Compatible Multi-Paramonitor
with Accessories

Organization Name AFMS

Problem Statement/ Design and development of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Challenge title compatible multi-paramonitor with accessories
Design and development of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
compatible multiparamonitor for monitoring the patients for Pulse
oximetry (SpO2), Heart Rate (HR), Non-Invasive Blood Pressure
(NIBP), Respiratory Rate (RR), Respiratory gas Monitor (RGM)
and End Tidal Carbon di Oxide (ETCO2) with slave monitor.

MRI suite has strong magnetic fields due to which regular

monitoring equipment available in hospital are incompatible and
may even become hazardous to the patient as well as to the
equipment. MRI investigation is an essential tool for diagnosis of
many diseases and is required for children as well as adults, some of
whom are critically ill. These patients require adequate monitoring
for delivery of safe anaesthesia for the duration of the imaging
taking place which ranges from 60-120 minutes. Without adequate
monitoring, specially the ETCO2 monitoring (which is direct
monitor for adequate respiration, oxygenation and ventilation), it is
extremely unsafe and not advisable to take on the challenge of
delivering anaesthesia to children or adults.

Challenge • Paediatric patients are a regular clientele for MRI due to

brief/definition diagnosis required for many neurological diseases. MRI gantry is
tunnel like, and children do not cooperate to lie still for the
imaging and hence require sedation or anaesthesia. Without
adequate monitoring (especially ETCO2) it is difficult to know
whether the patient is breathing adequately and not suffering
hypoxia, which will eventually lead to cardiac arrest. Many
adults also find the MRI gantry claustrophobic and do not
cooperate for the imaging and hence they require sedation/
anaesthesia too. Many times, patients are critically ill and on
various drug supports to maintain physiology and they definitely
require sedation/anaesthesia for the imaging. Without adequate
monitoring, administering sedation or anaesthesia is a huge
challenge and thus, keeping in mind patient safety at all times, a
good MRI compatible multi-paramonitor (Suitable for use in 0.5
to 3 Tesla MRI environment) with minimum monitoring for HR,
SPO2, NIBP, ETCO2 and RGM needs to be developed
indigenously. The multi-paramonitors should be safety compliant
and certified and patient use.
A good foreign monitor costs about 40-50 Lakhs and this cost is a
hindrance in procurement of the same.

DISC 12 | Challenges 61
 Few features which may be of help are added here
Pulse Oximeter Features
• 20 feet Fiber Optic Sensor (non-magnetic) avoids potentially
hazardous heating or image artefacts during MR Scans
• Suitable for use in 0.5 to 3 Tesla MRI environment
• Built-In Rechargeable Battery back-up of 7 hours (Pulse
Oximeter) & 6 hours (with NIBP)
• Alarm (Visual & Audio) for alarm limit violation
Capnograph Features
• Sidestream Sensor (LoFlo)
• 50ml Sampling rate CO2 sensor that provides consistent and
reliable CO2 monitoring of adult, paediatric and neonatal patients
• Useful in monitoring the effects of pain-controlled analgesia,
monitoring respiratory efforts during procedural sedation
• Supplied with 12 feet Sampling Lines
• Should have an MRI compatible, re-chargeable battery (6V,
3.2Ah) with backup more than 4 hrs.
• Compatible for paediatric as well as adult patients with all
accessories being MRI safe
• Sp02, pulse rate and capnograph readings in mm Hg/cm H20.
• LED display for SpO2 and Pulse readings; LCD display for
capnograph
• Wave Speed: 3.12, 6.25,.12.5, 25 mm/sec
• Display type: Fill or line
• Apnea: Delay of 10, 20 and 30 Seconds.
• Feature for selection of High and low alarm limit by the user;
feature for selection of Alarm and Pulse Beep Volume, give
audible and visual low battery indication 15-20 Minutes prior
power off

NIBP features
• Provided with Nonmagnetic fibre optic sensor of 20 feet length
and Non-magnetic NIBP tubing length of 20 feet.
• MRI compatible, re-chargeable battery (6V, 3.2Ah) with backup
more than 4 hrs.
• Compatible for both Adult and paediatric patients along with
MRI compatible accessories for adult, paediatric & neonates.
• Bright easy to read LED display.
• Weight < 5 kg and Dimensions < 30 x 15 x 30 cm (LxHxD)
• Blood pressure by Oscillometric methods (Systolic, Diastolic,
MAP) with accuracy of +/- 3 mmHg for BP and +/- 2%.
• Three operation modes as,
Manual: gives operator-initiated measurements
Stat: 4-5 consecutive readings with a gap of 15-30 seconds
Auto: Measures reading at fixed time intervals with default
intervals of 1,2,3,4,5,10,15,30,60 minutes.
• Following inbuilt features for patient's safety: Maximum Cuff
inflation Time 60 seconds; Maximum duration of BP reading
100-120 Sec in Adults 60-70 Sec in Paediatric patients;

DISC 12 | Challenges 62
 Maximum Cuff Pressure 300 mmHg for adults and 150mm hg in
Paediatrics.
• Alarms during Low battery, Sensor Disconnect and Limit
violation.
• Direct keys to be available for NIBP inflation start/stop and
Alarm silence buttons.
• Feature for selection of High and low alarm limit by the user;
feature for selection of Alarm and Pulse Beep Volume; audible
and visual low battery indication 15-20 Minutes prior power off.

A slave monitor which can be placed in the console or placed

remotely for monitoring by another personnel outside also to be
made. This double monitoring can add a further advantage to patient
safety.
Future expectations to develop MRI compatible multi-paramonitors
with invasive monitoring like arterial blood pressure monitoring,
central venous pressure monitoring etc.
MRI compatible transport monitors which can be utilised in
Future Expectation monitoring during transport of critically ill patients from ICU/ OT
from the prototype / directly to MRI suite.
Technology
developed Indigenously develop MRI compatible Infusion pumps and target
controlled infusion pumps. These can be utilised for delivering
accurate dosage of sedative drugs/ anaesthesia agents.

Indigenously develop MRI compatible Defibrillators.

DISC 12 | Challenges 63
Problem Statement – 38: NBC Protective Suit with Weather
Conditioning System

Organization Name AFMS

Problem Statement/ Development of NBC (Nuclear, Biological, Chemical) protective

suit with weather conditioning system in place along with Hydration
Challenge title
Pack.
Individual Protection Equipment (IPE) does not suit the hot and
humid climate of India during summers

Challenge Present /existing Individual Protection Equipment (IPE) does

not suit the hot and humid climate of India during summers
brief/definition
India has all weather terrain and delivering services in NBC
scenarios by Armed forces during Hot and humid climate, with
thick NBC protection kits will be a challenge.

Future Expectation For efficient output from the team involved in CBRN exposure
from the prototype / situations, there is need of development of NBC protective suit with
weather conditioning system in place along with Hydration Pack (to
Technology
provide protection against CBRN contamination of the drinking
developed water).

DISC 12 | Challenges 64
Problem Statement – 39: Peripheral Intravenous Cannula
(PIVC)

Organization Name AFMS

Problem Statement/ Development of a safer peripheral intravenous cannula (PIVC) with
Challenge title longer indwell duration
To design and develop a safer peripheral intravenous cannula
(PIVC) with longer indwell duration with minimal thrombophlebitis
and infections to replace current IV cannulas.

To innovate a next generation of peripheral intravenous cannula

(PIVC) for longer indwell times of at least 10-14 days with minimal
potential for thrombophlebitis and infections with design and
biomaterial modifications leading to

a) thrombosis retardant properties of the surface of the IV cannula

b) hydrophilicity

c) optimized combination of stiffness needed for insertion followed

by malleable and thermo-responsiveness to body temperature for
better intraluminal adaptation and lessening of tip induced
endothelial injury
Challenge
d) minimal yet sufficient intraluminal length for good intraluminal
brief/definition
retention compatible with movements of the limb on which the IV
cannula is fixed

e) body surface contour adapting fixation flanges for firm fixation

with minimized movement at the cutaneous puncture site

f) microbial biofilm retarding properties of the surface along the

hub and length of the PIVC

g) anti-inflammatory surface

h) inert properties with absent chemical interaction/antigenicity

with the infused fluid/drug/blood

j) adequate surface area for pincer grasp during insertion

k) cost effective with single insertion vis a vis multiple insertion

with PIVC

DISC 12 | Challenges 65
 To replace current generation of peripheral IV cannulas in the
medical setup especially with:

Future Expectation a) settings with high risk of hospital acquired infections viz. acute
from the prototype / care areas, intensive care and daycare patients
Technology
developed b) special patient groups - neonates and young infants with small
veins, persons undergoing chemotherapy/repeated blood
transfusions over years (e.g. thalassaemic) wherein veins become
thrombosed and fibrosed over years. S

DISC 12 | Challenges 66
Problem Statement – 40: Ultrasound Chip Based Non-
Invasive Urodynamic Monitoring System

Organization Name AFMS

Problem Statement/ Development of ultrasound chip based non-invasive urodynamic
Challenge title monitoring system
To design and develop an inexpensive ultrasound chip placed over
the lower abdomen for real-time imaging and dynamic monitoring
of urinary bladder function

Urodynamic monitoring is vital for urinary bladder function

assessment. Current urodynamic monitoring systems are invasive
necessitating indwelling catheters for pressure volume and
compliance monitoring. While accurate, they still are limited by
their invasiveness, risk of UTI and limited datasets due to need for
sedation for use in children and special populations like autistic
spectrum disorder/intellectually disabled or hyperactive children.

Ultrasonographic estimates of bladder function are suboptimal due

to the limited time period for which a continuous study can be
carried out and operator fatigue while holding the bulky probe for
long time. A miniaturized skin-based ultrasound probe chip can
facilitate a continuous real-time acquisition of bladder dynamics
and static properties.

Challenge The challenge lies in innovating a wearable ultrasound chip based

non-invasive urodynamic monitoring system for continuous real
brief/definition
time imaging and monitoring of urinary bladder dimensions,
volumes and estimate pressure, compliance and tissue
characteristics of urinary bladder wall with following properties

a) light weight and wearable over the lower abdomen with local
skin compatibility.

b) compatible with routine activities of daily life.

c) continuous recording and storage for subsequent intelligent

analysis systems.

d) provide reliable, reproducible and discriminatory markers for

functional bladder pathology.

e) incorporate ability to quantify and assess sequential changes in

multiple bladder parameters before, during and after voiding like
volumes, bladder wall thickness, shape, tissue characteristics like
vibrometry, elastography, compliance, biomechanics, and
micromotion.
DISC 12 | Challenges 67
 f) able to provide estimates of changes in the bladder pressures
before, during and after voiding.

g) amenable for continuous data acquisition, storage and analysis

using machine-based learning approaches for further evolution
into closed feedback loops for patient involved/physician directed
interventions.

1. To provide a point of care objective long-term non-invasive

urodynamic monitoring system for children and adults for

a) decision making in various urological conditions including

need for further invasive urodynamics

b) to replace invasive urodynamic studies across neonates and

especially abled children with intellectual disability, autistic
spectrum disorders, neurological conditions and recurrent UTIs

c) research in urodynamics of neonatal and infantile bladders

d) therapeutic intervention trials for enuresis and bladder

Future Expectation dysfunction
from the prototype /
e) patients with incontinence
Technology
developed f) characterization of bladder function for potential
military/space applications e.g. characterization and
development of devices/processes for bladder evacuation during
long duration military operations or prolonged flights

2. To provide datasets for development of applications with

incorporated AI/ML algorithms for patient involved monitoring of
voiding function as well as design of closed feedback loop
therapeutic interventions related to triggers for bladder voiding in
various conditions.

3. Conceptually, these can be adapted subsequently for real-time

continuous evaluation of cardiac function too.

4. To

DISC 12 | Challenges 68
Problem Statement – 41: Anti-fogging Solution for Vision Field
of CBRN Respirator
Organization Name AFMS
Problem Statement/ Development of anti-fogging solution for the vision field of CBRN
Challenge title respirator.
The vision field of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear
(CBRN) respirator is crafted from plastic material. Once the entire
Individual Protective Equipment (IPE) ensemble is donned, the vision
of water vapor condensing from exhaled breath onto the plastic
surface. Consequently, the fog obstructs visibility, impending routine
activities. This limitation poses significant challenges, particularly in
high-stake scenarios where clear vision is essential for safety and
operational effectiveness.

The vision field of CBRN respirator becomes foggy within few

minutes of wearing the complete IPE suite

1. Condensation of Water Vapor: Exhaled air from soldiers

wearing CBRN protective equipment (IPE with respirator) leads
to the accumulation of water vapor on the inner surface of their
visors, causing condensation.

2. Visibility Obstruction: The condensation results in the fogging

of visors, which obstructs vision and reduces the ability of
soldiers to maintain situational awareness in a CBRN
Challenge environment.
brief/definition

3. Impact on Operational Efficiency: The fogging impairs

soldiers' ability to perform critical tasks, including identifying
hazards, navigating terrain, and handling equipment, thereby
reducing overall operational efficiency.

4. Safety and Performance Concerns: Impaired vision can lead to

increased risk of accidents or errors during CBRN operations,
potentially compromising both individual and team safety.

5. Need for Innovation: Current solutions, such as anti-fog

coatings or manual cleaning, are not sufficiently effective in
prolonged or high-stress situations. There is a need for research
and development of new, durable modalities to prevent visor
fogging and enhance performance in CBRN environments.

To address the problem of visor fogging in CBRN protective gear, a

combination of material science, design innovations, and technical
solutions could be explored. Here are some potential solutions:
DISC 12 | Challenges 69
 1. Anti-Fog Coatings with Enhanced Durability

• Hydrophilic Coatings: These coatings absorb moisture and

spread water into a thin, transparent layer rather than allowing it to
form droplets (fog). Advanced hydrophilic coatings can be integrated
into visors for long-lasting performance.
• Hydrophobic Nanocoatings: These repel water, causing
droplets to roll off the surface rather than adhere to it. Nanomaterials
like silica-based or fluorinated coatings could be researched for high-
performance anti-fog capabilities.

2. Dual-Layered Visors
• Double-Layer Technology: A dual-layer visor system
(similar to ski goggles) can create a thermal barrier between the inside
and outside surfaces, reducing the temperature difference that leads to
fogging. These can be designed with sealed air pockets to prevent
condensation.

3. Anti-Fog Inserts
• Permanent Anti-Fog Films: Transparent films made of
materials like cellulose acetate can be applied inside the visor. These
inserts are anti-fog by nature and are often used in scuba masks and
ski goggles, which face similar condensation challenges.

5. Integrated Ventilation Systems

• Miniature Fans or Airflow Channels: Small battery-

operated fans or ventilation ducts can be built into the visor to
maintain air circulation, preventing humidity buildup inside the visor.
This is similar to the defogging systems used in automotive
windshields.

6. Innovative Materials Other than Polycarbonate

• Trivex: A newer polymer material used in high-

performance optical lenses, Trivex is lightweight and provides better
chemical resistance and anti-fog properties compared to
polycarbonate.
• Gorilla Glass: Originally designed for smartphone screens,
this chemically strengthened glass can be adapted for visors. It offers
extreme clarity, durability, and the potential for anti-fog coating
application.
• Aerogels: These highly porous, insulating materials can be
explored for potential visor inserts or layers that manage condensation
by regulating temperature and absorbing moisture.

DISC 12 | Challenges 70