KEMBAR78
Art 416 | PDF | Sanitary Sewer | Toilet
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
25 views32 pages

Art 416

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
25 views32 pages

Art 416

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

ART 416 - SANITATION

Authority:

21 U.S.C. 451-470, 601-695, 1031-1056; 7 U.S.C. 450, 1901-1906; 7 CFR 2.18, 2.53.

Source:

61 FR 38868, July 25, 1996, unless otherwise noted.

§ 416.1 General rules.

Each official establishment must be operated and maintained in a manner sufficient to prevent the
creation of insanitary conditions and to ensure that product is not adulterated.

[64 FR 56417, Oct. 20, 1999]

§ 416.2 Establishment grounds and facilities.

(a) Grounds and pest control. The grounds about an establishment must be maintained to prevent
conditions that could lead to insanitary conditions, adulteration of product, or interfere with inspection
by FSIS program employees. Establishments must have in place a pest management program to prevent
the harborage and breeding of pests on the grounds and within establishment facilities. Pest control
substances used must be safe and effective under the conditions of use and not be applied or stored in a
manner that will result in the adulteration of product or the creation of insanitary conditions.

(b) Construction.

(1) Establishment buildings, including their structures, rooms, and compartments must be of sound
construction, be kept in good repair, and be of sufficient size to allow for processing, handling, and
storage of product in a manner that does not result in product adulteration or the creation of insanitary
conditions.
(2) Walls, floors, and ceilings within establishments must be built of durable materials impervious to
moisture and be cleaned and sanitized as necessary to prevent adulteration of product or the creation of
insanitary conditions.

(3) Walls, floors, ceilings, doors, windows, and other outside openings must be constructed and
maintained to prevent the entrance of vermin, such as flies, rats, and mice.

(4) Rooms or compartments in which edible product is processed, handled, or stored must be separate
and distinct from rooms or compartments in which inedible product is processed, handled, or stored, to
the extent necessary to prevent product adulteration and the creation of insanitary conditions.

(c) Light. Lighting of good quality and sufficient intensity to ensure that sanitary conditions are
maintained and that product is not adulterated must be provided in areas where food is processed,
handled, stored, or examined; where equipment and utensils are cleaned; and in hand-washing areas,
dressing and locker rooms, and toilets.

(d) Ventilation. Ventilation adequate to control odors, vapors, and condensation to the extent necessary
to prevent adulteration of product and the creation of insanitary conditions must be provided.

(e) Plumbing. Plumbing systems must be installed and maintained to:

(1) Carry sufficient quantities of water to required locations throughout the establishment;

(2) Properly convey sewage and liquid disposable waste from the establishment;

(3) Prevent adulteration of product, water supplies, equipment, and utensils and prevent the creation of
insanitary conditions throughout the establishment;

(4) Provide adequate floor drainage in all areas where floors are subject to flooding-type cleaning or
where normal operations release or discharge water or other liquid waste on the floor;
(5) Prevent back-flow conditions in and cross-connection between piping systems that discharge waste
water or sewage and piping systems that carry water for product manufacturing; and

(6) Prevent the backup of sewer gases.

(f) Sewage disposal. Sewage must be disposed into a sewage system separate from all other drainage
lines or disposed of through other means sufficient to prevent backup of sewage into areas where
product is processed, handled, or stored. When the sewage disposal system is a private system requiring
approval by a State or local health authority, the establishment must furnish FSIS with the letter of
approval from that authority upon request.

(g) Water supply and water, ice, and solution reuse.

(1) A supply of running water that complies with the National Primary Drinking Water regulations (40
CFR part 141), at a suitable temperature and under pressure as needed, must be provided in all areas
where required (for processing product, for cleaning rooms and equipment, utensils, and packaging
materials, for employee sanitary facilities, etc.). If an establishment uses a municipal water supply, it
must make available to FSIS, upon request, a water report, issued under the authority of the State or
local health agency, certifying or attesting to the potability of the water supply. If an establishment uses
a private well for its water supply, it must make available to FSIS, upon request, documentation
certifying the potability of the water supply that has been renewed at least semi-annually.

(2) Water, ice, and solutions (such as brine, liquid smoke, or propylene glycol) used to chill or cook
ready-to-eat product may be reused for the same purpose, provided that they are maintained free of
pathogenic organisms and fecal coliform organisms and that other physical, chemical, and
microbiological contamination have been reduced to prevent adulteration of product.

(3) Water, ice, and solutions used to chill or wash raw product may be reused for the same purpose
provided that measures are taken to reduce physical, chemical, and microbiological contamination so as
to prevent contamination or adulteration of product. Reuse that which has come into contact with raw
product may not be used on ready-to-eat product.

(4) Reconditioned water that has never contained human waste and that has been treated by an onsite
advanced wastewater treatment facility may be used on raw product, except in product formulation,
and throughout the facility in edible and inedible production areas, provided that measures are taken to
ensure that this water meets the criteria prescribed in paragraph (g)(1) of this section. Product, facilities,
equipment, and utensils coming in contact with this water must undergo a separate final rinse with non-
reconditioned water that meets the criteria prescribed in paragraph (g)(1) of this section.

(5) Any water that has never contained human waste and that is free of pathogenic organisms may be
used in edible and inedible product areas, provided it does not contact edible product. For example,
such reuse water may be used to move heavy solids, to flush the bottom of open evisceration troughs,
or to wash antemortem areas, livestock pens, trucks, poultry cages, picker aprons, picking room floors,
and similar areas within the establishment.

(6) Water that does not meet the use conditions of paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(5) of this section may
not be used in areas where edible product is handled or prepared or in any manner that would allow it
to adulterate edible product or create insanitary conditions.

(h) Dressing rooms, lavatories, and toilets.

(1) Dressing rooms, toilet rooms, and urinals must be sufficient in number, ample in size, conveniently
located, and maintained in a sanitary condition and in good repair at all times to ensure cleanliness of all
persons handling any product. They must be separate from the rooms and compartments in which
products are processed, stored, or handled.

(2) Lavatories with running hot and cold water, soap, and towels, must be placed in or near toilet and
urinal rooms and at such other places in the establishment as necessary to ensure cleanliness of all
persons handling any product.

(3) Refuse receptacles must be constructed and maintained in a manner that protects against the
creation of insanitary conditions and the adulteration of product.

[64 FR 56417, Oct. 20, 1999]

§ 416.3 Equipment and utensils.

(a) Equipment and utensils used for processing or otherwise handling edible product or ingredients must
be of such material and construction to facilitate thorough cleaning and to ensure that their use will not
cause the adulteration of product during processing, handling, or storage. Equipment and utensils must
be maintained in sanitary condition so as not to adulterate product.

(b) Equipment and utensils must not be constructed, located, or operated in a manner that prevents
FSIS inspection program employees from inspecting the equipment or utensils to determine whether
they are in sanitary condition.

(c) Receptacles used for storing inedible material must be of such material and construction that their
use will not result in the adulteration of any edible product or in the creation of insanitary conditions.
Such receptacles must not be used for storing any edible product and must bear conspicuous and
distinctive marking to identify permitted uses.

[64 FR 56417, Oct. 20, 1999]

§ 416.4 Sanitary operations.

(a) All food-contact surfaces, including food-contact surfaces of utensils and equipment, must be
cleaned and sanitized as frequently as necessary to prevent the creation of insanitary conditions and the
adulteration of product.

(b) Non-food-contact surfaces of facilities, equipment, and utensils used in the operation of the
establishment must be cleaned and sanitized as frequently as necessary to prevent the creation of
insanitary conditions and the adulteration of product.

(c) Cleaning compounds, sanitizing agents, processing aids, and other chemicals used by an
establishment must be safe and effective under the conditions of use. Such chemicals must be used,
handled, and stored in a manner that will not adulterate product or create insanitary conditions.
Documentation substantiating the safety of a chemical's use in a food processing environment must be
available to FSIS inspection program employees for review.

(d) Product must be protected from adulteration during processing, handling, storage, loading, and
unloading at and during transportation from official establishments.

[64 FR 56417, Oct. 20, 1999]


§ 416.5 Employee hygiene.

(a) Cleanliness. All persons working in contact with product, food-contact surfaces, and product-
packaging materials must adhere to hygienic practices while on duty to prevent adulteration of product
and the creation of insanitary conditions.

(b) Clothing. Aprons, frocks, and other outer clothing worn by persons who handle product must be of
material that is disposable or readily cleaned. Clean garments must be worn at the start of each working
day and garments must be changed during the day as often as necessary to prevent adulteration of
product and the creation of insanitary conditions.

(c) Disease control. Any person who has or appears to have an infectious disease, open lesion, including
boils, sores, or infected wounds, or any other abnormal source of microbial contamination, must be
excluded from any operations which could result in product adulteration and the creation of insanitary
conditions until the condition is corrected.

[64 FR 56417, Oct. 20, 1999]

§ 416.6 Tagging insanitary equipment, utensils, rooms or compartments.

When an FSIS program employee finds that any equipment, utensil, room, or compartment at an official
establishment is insanitary or that its use could cause the adulteration of product, he will attach to it a
“U.S. Rejected” tag. Equipment, utensils, rooms, or compartments so tagged cannot be used until made
acceptable. Only an FSIS program employee may remove a “U.S. Rejected” tag.

[64 FR 56417, Oct. 20, 1999]

§ 416.11 General rules.

Each official establishment shall develop, implement, and maintain written standard operating
procedures for sanitation (Sanitation SOP's) in accordance with the requirements of this part.
§ 416.12 Development of Sanitation SOP's.

(a) The Sanitation SOP's shall describe all procedures an official establishment will conduct daily, before
and during operations, sufficient to prevent direct contamination or adulteration of product(s).

(b) The Sanitation SOP's shall be signed and dated by the individual with overall authority on-site or a
higher level official of the establishment. This signature shall signify that the establishment will
implement the Sanitation SOP's as specified and will maintain the Sanitation SOP's in accordance with
the requirements of this part. The Sanitation SOP's shall be signed and dated upon initially implementing
the Sanitation SOP's and upon any modification to the Sanitation SOP's.

(c) Procedures in the Sanitation SOP's that are to be conducted prior to operations shall be identified as
such, and shall address, at a minimum, the cleaning of food contact surfaces of facilities, equipment, and
utensils.

(d) The Sanitation SOP's shall specify the frequency with which each procedure in the Sanitation SOP's is
to be conducted and identify the establishment employee(s) responsible for the implementation and
maintenance of such procedure(s).

§ 416.13 Implementation of SOP's.

(a) Each official establishment shall conduct the pre-operational procedures in the Sanitation SOP's
before the start of operations.

(b) Each official establishment shall conduct all other procedures in the Sanitation SOP's at the
frequencies specified.

(c) Each official establishment shall monitor daily the implementation of the procedures in the Sanitation
SOP's.

§ 416.14 Maintenance of Sanitation SOP's.


Each official establishment shall routinely evaluate the effectiveness of the Sanitation SOP's and the
procedures therein in preventing direct contamination or adulteration of product(s) and shall revise
both as necessary to keep them effective and current with respect to changes in facilities, equipment,
utensils, operations, or personnel.

§ 416.15 Corrective Actions.

(a) Each official establishment shall take appropriate corrective action(s) when either the establishment
or FSIS determines that the establishment's Sanitation SOP's or the procedures specified therein, or the
implementation or maintenance of the Sanitation SOP's, may have failed to prevent direct
contamination or adulteration of product(s).

(b) Corrective actions include procedures to ensure appropriate disposition of product(s) that may be
contaminated, restore sanitary conditions, and prevent the recurrence of direct contamination or
adulteration of product(s), including appropriate reevaluation and modification of the Sanitation SOP's
and the procedures specified therein or appropriate improvements in the execution of the Sanitation
SOP's or the procedures specified therein.

[61 FR 38868, July 25, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 26219, May 13, 1997]

§ 416.16 Recordkeeping requirements.

(a) Each official establishment shall maintain daily records sufficient to document the implementation
and monitoring of the Sanitation SOP's and any corrective actions taken. The establishment employee(s)
specified in the Sanitation SOP's as being responsible for the implementation and monitoring of the
procedure(s) specified in the Sanitation SOP's shall authenticate these records with his or her initials and
the date.

(b) Records required by this part may be maintained on computers provided the establishment
implements appropriate controls to ensure the integrity of the electronic data.

(c) Records required by this part shall be maintained for at least 6 months and made available to FSIS. All
such records shall be maintained at the official establishment for 48 hours following completion, after
which they may be maintained off-site provided such records can be made available to FSIS within 24
hours of request.
§ 416.17 Agency verification.

FSIS shall verify the adequacy and effectiveness of the Sanitation SOP's and the procedures specified
therein by determining that they meet the requirements of this part. Such verification may include:

(a) Reviewing the Sanitation SOP's;

(b) Reviewing the daily records documenting the implementation of the Sanitation SOP's and the
procedures specified therein and any corrective actions taken or required to be taken;

(c) Direct observation of the implementation of the Sanitation SOP's and the procedures specified
therein and any corrective actions taken or required to be taken; and

(d) Direct observation or testing to assess the sanitary conditions in the establishment.
ART 416 - SANEAMIENTO

Autoridad:

21 U.S.C. 451-470, 601-695, 1031-1056; 7 U.S.C. 450, 1901-1906; 7 CFR 2.18, 2.53.

Fuente:

61 FR 38868, 25 de julio de 1996, a menos que se indique lo contrario.

§ 416.1 Reglas generales.

Cada establecimiento oficial debe ser operado y mantenido de manera suficiente para prevenir la
creación de condiciones insalubres y asegurar que el producto no sea adulterado.

[64 FR 56417, 20 de octubre de 1999]

§ 416.2 Terrenos e instalaciones del establecimiento.

(a) Terrenos y control de plagas. Se deben mantener los terrenos alrededor de un establecimiento para
evitar condiciones que podrían conducir a condiciones insalubres, adulteración del producto o interferir
con la inspección por parte de los empleados del programa FSIS. Los establecimientos deben contar con
un programa de manejo de plagas para prevenir el refugio y la reproducción de plagas en los terrenos y
dentro de las instalaciones del establecimiento. Las sustancias para el control de plagas que se utilicen
deben ser seguras y eficaces en las condiciones de uso y no deben aplicarse ni almacenarse de manera
que resulten en la adulteración del producto o la creación de condiciones insalubres.

(b) Construcción.

(1) Los edificios del establecimiento, incluidas sus estructuras, habitaciones y compartimentos deben ser
de construcción sólida, mantenerse en buen estado y ser de tamaño suficiente para permitir el
procesamiento, manejo y almacenamiento del producto de una manera que no resulte en adulteración
del producto o la creación de condiciones insalubres.

(2) Las paredes, pisos y techos dentro de los establecimientos deben construirse con materiales
duraderos impermeables a la humedad y deben limpiarse y desinfectarse según sea necesario para
evitar la adulteración del producto o la creación de condiciones insalubres.

(3) Las paredes, pisos, techos, puertas, ventanas y otras aberturas exteriores deben construirse y
mantenerse para evitar la entrada de alimañas, como moscas, ratas y ratones.

(4) Las habitaciones o compartimentos en los que se procesa, manipula o almacena el producto
comestible deben estar separados y ser distintos de las habitaciones o compartimentos en los que se
procesa, manipula o almacena el producto no comestible, en la medida necesaria para evitar la
adulteración del producto y la creación de condiciones insalubres.

(c) Luz. Se debe proporcionar iluminación de buena calidad e intensidad suficiente para asegurar que se
mantengan las condiciones sanitarias y que el producto no esté adulterado en las áreas donde se
procesan, manipulan, almacenan o examinan los alimentos; donde se limpian los equipos y utensilios; y
en áreas de lavado de manos, vestidores y vestuarios y baños.

(d) Ventilación. Se debe proporcionar ventilación adecuada para controlar olores, vapores y
condensación en la medida necesaria para evitar la adulteración del producto y la creación de
condiciones insalubres.

(e) Fontanería. Los sistemas de plomería deben instalarse y mantenerse para:

(1) Llevar cantidades suficientes de agua a los lugares requeridos en todo el establecimiento;

(2) Transportar adecuadamente las aguas residuales y los desechos líquidos desechables desde el
establecimiento;

(3) Prevenir la adulteración de productos, suministros de agua, equipo y utensilios y prevenir la creación
de condiciones insalubres en todo el establecimiento;
(4) Proporcionar un drenaje de piso adecuado en todas las áreas donde los pisos están sujetos a limpieza
tipo inundación o donde las operaciones normales liberan o descargan agua u otros desechos líquidos
en el piso;

(5) Evitar condiciones de reflujo y conexión cruzada entre sistemas de tuberías que descargan aguas
residuales o alcantarillado y sistemas de tuberías que transportan agua para la fabricación de productos;
y

(6) Evitar la acumulación de gases de alcantarillado.

(f) Eliminación de aguas residuales. Las aguas residuales deben desecharse en un sistema de
alcantarillado separado de todas las demás líneas de drenaje o eliminarse por otros medios suficientes
para evitar que las aguas residuales se acumulen en las áreas donde se procesa, manipula o almacena el
producto. Cuando el sistema de eliminación de aguas residuales es un sistema privado que requiere la
aprobación de una autoridad de salud local o estatal, el establecimiento debe proporcionar al FSIS la
carta de aprobación de esa autoridad cuando la solicite.

(g) Abastecimiento de agua y reutilización de agua, hielo y solución.

(1) Se debe proporcionar un suministro de agua corriente que cumpla con las regulaciones nacionales de
agua potable primaria (40 CFR parte 141), a una temperatura adecuada y bajo presión según sea
necesario, en todas las áreas donde se requiera (para el procesamiento del producto, para las salas de
limpieza). y equipos, utensilios y materiales de empaque, para instalaciones sanitarias de los empleados,
etc.). Si un establecimiento utiliza un suministro de agua municipal, debe poner a disposición del FSIS,
previa solicitud, un informe de agua, emitido bajo la autoridad de la agencia de salud estatal o local, que
certifique o atestigüe la potabilidad del suministro de agua. Si un establecimiento utiliza un pozo privado
para el suministro de agua, debe poner a disposición del FSIS, previa solicitud, documentación que
certifique la potabilidad del suministro de agua que se haya renovado al menos semestralmente.

(2) El agua, el hielo y las soluciones (como salmuera, humo líquido o propilenglicol) que se usan para
enfriar o cocinar productos listos para comer pueden reutilizarse para el mismo propósito, siempre que
se mantengan libres de
417.2 Hazard Analysis and HACCP Plan.
(a) Hazard analysis.
(1) Every official establishment shall conduct, or have conducted for it,
a hazard analysis to determine the food safety hazards reasonably likely to
occur in the production process and identify the preventive measures the
establishment can apply to control those hazards. The hazard analysis
shall include food safety hazards that can occur before, during, and after
entry into the establishment. A food safety hazard that is reasonably likely
to occur is one for which a prudent establishment would establish controls
because it historically has occurred, or because there is a reasonable
possibility that it will occur in the particular type of product being
processed, in the absence of those controls.
(2) A flow chart describing the steps of each process and product flow in
the establishment shall be prepared, and the intended use or consumers of
the finished product shall be identified.
(3) Food safety hazards might be expected to arise from the following:
(i) Natural toxins;
(ii) Microbiological contamination;
(iii) Chemical contamination;
(iv) Pesticides;
(v) Drug residues;
(vi) Zoonotic diseases;
(vii) Decomposition;
(viii) Parasites;
(ix) Unapproved use of direct or indirect food or color additives; and
(x) Physical hazards.
(b) The HACCP plan.
(1) Every establishment shall develop and implement a written HACCP
plan covering each product produced by that establishment whenever
a hazard analysis reveals one or more food safety hazards that are
reasonably likely to occur, based on the hazard analysis conducted in
accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, including products in the
following processing categories:
(i) Slaughter - all species.
(ii) Raw product - ground.
(iii) Raw product - not ground.
(iv) Thermally processed - commercially sterile.
(v) Not heat treated - shelf stable.
(vi) Heat treated - shelf stable.
(vii) Fully cooked - not shelf stable.
(viii) Heat treated but not fully cooked - not shelf stable.
(ix) Product with secondary inhibitors - not shelf stable.
(2) A single HACCP plan may encompass multiple products within a single
processing category identified in this paragraph, if the food safety hazards,
critical control points, critical limits, and procedures required to be
identified and performed in paragraph (c) of this section are essentially the
same, provided that any required features of the plan that are unique to a
specific product are clearly delineated in the plan and are observed in
practice.
(3) HACCP plans for thermally processed/commercially sterile products do
not have to address the food safety hazards associated with
microbiological contamination if the product is produced in accordance
with the requirements of part 431 of this chapter.
(c) The contents of the HACCP plan. The HACCP plan shall, at a
minimum:
(1) List the food safety hazards identified in accordance with paragraph
(a) of this section, which must be controlled for each process.
(2) List the critical control points for each of the identified food safety
hazards, including, as appropriate:
(i) Critical control points designed to control food safety hazards that
could be introduced in the establishment, and
(ii) Critical control points designed to control food safety
hazards introduced outside the establishment, including food safety
hazards that occur before, during, and after entry into the establishment;
(3) List the critical limits that must be met at each of the critical control
points. Critical limits shall, at a minimum, be designed to ensure that
applicable targets or performance standards established by FSIS, and any
other requirement set forth in this chapter pertaining to the specific
process or product, are met;
(4) List the procedures, and the frequency with which those procedures
will be performed, that will be used to monitor each of the critical control
points to ensure compliance with the critical limits;
(5) Include all corrective actions that have been developed in accordance
with § 417.3(a) of this part, to be followed in response to any deviation
from a critical limit at a critical control point; and
(6) Provide for a recordkeeping system that documents the monitoring of
the critical control points. The records shall contain the actual values and
observations obtained during monitoring.
(7) List the verification procedures, and the frequency with which those
procedures will be performed, that the establishment will use in
accordance with § 417.4 of this part.
(d) Signing and dating the HACCP plan.
(1) The HACCP plan shall be signed and dated by the responsible
establishment individual. This signature shall signify that the establishment
accepts and will implement the HACCP plan.
(2) The HACCP plan shall be dated and signed:
(i) Upon initial acceptance;
(ii) Upon any modification; and
(iii) At least annually, upon reassessment, as required under § 417.4(a)
(3) of this part.
(e) Pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 456, 463, 608, and 621, the failure of an
establishment to develop and implement a HACCP plan that complies with
this section, or to operate in accordance with the requirements of this part,
may render the products produced under those conditions adulterated.
[61 FR 38868, July 25, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 61009, Nov. 14, 1997; 83
FR 25308, May 31, 2018

417.2 Análisis de peligros y plan HACCP.

(a) Análisis de peligros.


(1) Todo establecimiento oficial deberá realizar, o haber realizado para él, un análisis de peligros para
determinar los peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos que sea razonablemente probable que
ocurran en el proceso de producción e identificar las medidas preventivas que el establecimiento puede
aplicar para controlar esos peligros. El análisis de peligros debe incluir los peligros para la seguridad
alimentaria que pueden ocurrir antes, durante y después de la entrada al establecimiento. Un peligro
para la inocuidad de los alimentos que es razonablemente probable que ocurra es aquel para el cual un
establecimiento prudente establecería controles porque históricamente ha ocurrido, o porque existe
una posibilidad razonable de que ocurra en el tipo particular de producto que se procesa, en ausencia de
esos controles.

(2) Se debe preparar un diagrama de flujo que describa los pasos de cada proceso y flujo de producto en
el establecimiento, y se debe identificar el uso previsto o los consumidores del producto terminado.

(3) Se puede esperar que los peligros para la seguridad alimentaria surjan de lo siguiente:

(i) Toxinas naturales;

(ii) Contaminación microbiológica;

(iii) Contaminación química;

(iv) Plaguicidas;

(v) Residuos de medicamentos;

(vi) Enfermedades zoonóticas;

(vii) Descomposición;

(viii) parásitos;
(ix) Uso no aprobado de aditivos alimentarios o colorantes directos o indirectos; y

(x) Riesgos físicos.

(b) El plan HACCP.

(1) Todo establecimiento deberá desarrollar e implementar un plan HACCP escrito que cubra cada
producto producido por ese establecimiento siempre que un análisis de peligros revele uno o más
peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos que es razonablemente probable que ocurran, con base en el
análisis de peligros realizado de acuerdo con el párrafo (a). ) de esta sección, incluidos los productos en
las siguientes categorías de procesamiento:

(i) Sacrificio: todas las especies.

(ii) Producto crudo - molido.

(iii) Producto crudo - no molido.

(iv) Procesado térmicamente: estéril comercialmente.

(v) No tratado térmicamente - estable en almacenamiento.

(vi) Tratado térmicamente - estable en almacenamiento.

(vii) Completamente cocido, no estable en almacenamiento.

(viii) Tratado térmicamente pero no completamente cocido - no estable en almacenamiento.

(ix) Producto con inhibidores secundarios - no estable en almacenamiento.


(2) Un solo plan HACCP puede abarcar múltiples productos dentro de una sola categoría de
procesamiento identificada en este párrafo, si los peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos, los puntos
críticos de control, los límites críticos y los procedimientos requeridos para ser identificados y realizados
en el párrafo (c) de esta sección. son esencialmente los mismos, siempre que cualquier característica
requerida del plan que sea única para un producto específico esté claramente delineada en el plan y se
observe en la práctica.

(3) Los planes HACCP para productos procesados térmicamente / comercialmente estériles no tienen
que abordar los peligros de seguridad alimentaria asociados con la contaminación microbiológica si el
producto se produce de acuerdo con los requisitos de la parte 431 de este capítulo.

(c) El contenido del plan HACCP. El plan HACCP deberá, como mínimo:

(1) Enumere los peligros para la seguridad alimentaria identificados de acuerdo con el párrafo (a) de esta
sección, los cuales deben ser controlados para cada proceso.

(2) Enumere los puntos críticos de control para cada uno de los peligros identificados para la inocuidad
de los alimentos, incluidos, según corresponda:

(i) Puntos críticos de control diseñados para controlar los peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos que
podrían introducirse en el establecimiento, y

(ii) Puntos críticos de control diseñados para controlar los peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos
introducidos fuera del establecimiento, incluidos los peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos que
ocurren antes, durante y después de la entrada al establecimiento;

(3) Enumere los límites críticos que deben cumplirse en cada uno de los puntos críticos de control. Los
límites críticos deberán diseñarse, como mínimo, para garantizar que se cumplan los objetivos o
estándares de desempeño aplicables establecidos por el FSIS, y cualquier otro requisito establecido en
este capítulo relacionado con el proceso o producto específico;

(4) Enumerar los procedimientos y la frecuencia con la que se realizarán esos procedimientos que se
utilizarán para monitorear cada uno de los puntos críticos de control para asegurar el cumplimiento de
los límites críticos;
(5) Incluir todas las acciones correctivas que se han desarrollado de acuerdo con la § 417.3 (a) de esta
parte, que se seguirán en respuesta a cualquier desviación de un límite crítico en un punto de control
crítico; y

(6) Disponer de un sistema de mantenimiento de registros que documente el seguimiento de los puntos
críticos de control. Los registros deben contener los valores reales y las observaciones obtenidas durante
el seguimiento.

(7) Enumere los procedimientos de verificación y la frecuencia con la que se realizarán esos
procedimientos que el establecimiento utilizará de acuerdo con la § 417.4 de esta parte.

(d) Firmar y fechar el plan HACCP.

(1) El plan HACCP deberá estar firmado y fechado por la persona responsable del establecimiento. Esta
firma significará que el establecimiento acepta e implementará el plan HACCP.

(2) El plan HACCP deberá estar fechado y firmado:

(i) Tras la aceptación inicial;

(ii) Sobre cualquier modificación; y

(iii) Al menos una vez al año, después de la reevaluación, como se requiere en la sección 417.4 (a) (3) de
esta parte.

(e) De conformidad con

417.3 Corrective actions.


(a) The written HACCP plan shall identify the corrective action to be followed
in response to a deviation from a critical limit. The HACCP plan shall describe
the corrective action to be taken, and assign responsibility for
taking corrective action, to ensure:
(1) The cause of the deviation is identified and eliminated;
(2) The CCP will be under control after the corrective action is taken;
(3) Measures to prevent recurrence are established; and
(4) No product that is injurious to health or otherwise adulterated as a
result of the deviation enters commerce.
(b) If a deviation not covered by a specified corrective action occurs, or if
another unforeseen hazard arises, the establishment shall:
(1) Segregate and hold the affected product, at least until the
requirements of paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section are met;
(2) Perform a review to determine the acceptability of the affected product
for distribution;
(3) Take action, when necessary, with respect to the affected product to
ensure that no product that is injurious to health or otherwise adulterated,
as a result of the deviation, enters commerce;
(4) Perform or obtain reassessment by an individual trained in accordance
with § 417.7 of this part, to determine whether the newly identified
deviation or other unforeseen hazard should be incorporated into the
HACCP plan.
(c) All corrective actions taken in accordance with this section shall be
documented in records that are subject to verification in accordance with §
417.4(a)(2)(iii) and the recordkeeping requirements of § 417.5 of this part.

417.3 Acciones correctivas.


(a) El plan HACCP escrito deberá identificar la acción correctiva a seguir en respuesta a una desviación
de un límite crítico. El plan HACCP debe describir la acción correctiva que se tomará y asignar la
responsabilidad de tomar la acción correctiva, para garantizar:

(1) Se identifica y elimina la causa de la desviación;

(2) El PCC estará bajo control después de que se tome la acción correctiva;

(3) Se establecen medidas para prevenir la recurrencia; y

(4) Ningún producto que sea nocivo para la salud o de otra manera adulterado como resultado de la
desviación ingresa al comercio.

(b) Si ocurre una desviación no cubierta por una acción correctiva especificada, o si surge otro peligro
imprevisto, el establecimiento deberá:

(1) Separar y retener el producto afectado, al menos hasta que se cumplan los requisitos de los párrafos
(b) (2) y (b) (3) de esta sección;

(2) Realizar una revisión para determinar la aceptabilidad del producto afectado para su distribución;

(3) Tomar acción, cuando sea necesario, con respecto al producto afectado para asegurar que ningún
producto que sea nocivo para la salud o adulterado de otra manera, como resultado de la desviación,
ingrese al comercio;

(4) Realizar u obtener una reevaluación por parte de una persona capacitada de acuerdo con § 417.7 de
esta parte, para determinar si la desviación recientemente identificada u otro peligro imprevisto debe
incorporarse al plan HACCP.

(c) Todas las acciones correctivas tomadas de acuerdo con esta sección se documentarán en registros
que están sujetos a verificación de acuerdo con § 417.4 (a) (2) (iii) y los requisitos de mantenimiento de
registros de § 417.5 de esta parte.
417.4 Validation, Verification, Reassessment.
(a) Every establishment shall validate the HACCP plan's adequacy in
controlling the food safety hazards identified during the hazard analysis, and
shall verify that the plan is being effectively implemented.
(1) Initial validation. Upon completion of the hazard analysis and
development of the HACCP plan, the establishment shall conduct activities
designed to determine that the HACCP plan is functioning as intended.
During this HACCP plan validation period, the establishment shall
repeatedly test the adequacy of the CCP's, critical limits, monitoring and
recordkeeping procedures, and corrective actions set forth in the HACCP
plan. Validation also encompasses reviews of the records themselves,
routinely generated by the HACCP system, in the context of other
validation activities.
(2) Ongoing verification activities. Ongoing verification activities
include, but are not limited to:
(i) The calibration of process-monitoring instruments;
(ii) Direct observations of monitoring activities and corrective actions;
and
(iii) The review of records generated and maintained in accordance
with § 417.5(a)(3) of this part.
(3)
(i) Reassessment of the HACCP plan. Every establishment shall
reassess the adequacy of the HACCP plan at least annually and
whenever any changes occur that could affect the hazard analysis or
alter the HACCP plan. Such changes may include, but are not limited to,
changes in: raw materials or source of raw materials; product
formulation; slaughter or processing methods or systems; production
volume; personnel; packaging; finished product distribution systems; or,
the intended use or consumers of the finished product. The
reassessment shall be performed by an individual trained in accordance
with § 417.7 of this part. The HACCP plan shall be modified immediately
whenever a reassessment reveals that the plan no longer meets the
requirements of § 417.2(c) of this part.
(ii) Each establishment must make a record of each reassessment
required by paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section and must document the
reasons for any changes to the HACCP plan based on the reassessment,
or the reasons for not changing the HACCP plan based on the
reassessment. For annual reassessments, if the establishment
determines that no changes are needed to its HACCP plan, it is not
required to document the basis for this determination.
(b) Reassessment of the hazard analysis. Any establishment that does
not have a HACCP plan because a hazard analysis has revealed no food
safety hazards that are reasonably likely to occur shall reassess the
adequacy of the hazard analysis whenever a change occurs that could
reasonably affect whether a food safety hazard exists. Such changes may
include, but are not limited to, changes in: raw materials or source of raw
materials; product formulation; slaughter or processing methods or systems;
production volume; packaging; finished product distribution systems; or, the
intended use or consumers of the finished product.
[61 FR 38868, July 25, 1996, as amended at 77 FR 26936, May 8, 2012]

417.4 Validación, Verificación, Reevaluación.


(a) Todo establecimiento deberá validar la idoneidad del plan HACCP para controlar los peligros para la
inocuidad de los alimentos identificados durante el análisis de peligros, y deberá verificar que el plan se
esté implementando de manera efectiva.

(1) Validación inicial. Una vez completado el análisis de peligros y el desarrollo del plan HACCP, el
establecimiento deberá realizar actividades diseñadas para determinar que el plan HACCP está
funcionando según lo previsto. Durante este período de validación del plan HACCP, el establecimiento
probará repetidamente la idoneidad de los CCP, los límites críticos, los procedimientos de monitoreo y
mantenimiento de registros y las acciones correctivas establecidas en el plan HACCP. La validación
también incluye revisiones de los propios registros, generados de forma rutinaria por el sistema HACCP,
en el contexto de otras actividades de validación.

(2) Actividades de verificación en curso. Las actividades de verificación en curso incluyen, entre otras:

(i) La calibración de los instrumentos de seguimiento de procesos;

(ii) Observaciones directas de las actividades de monitoreo y acciones correctivas; y

(iii) La revisión de registros generados y mantenidos de acuerdo con § 417.5 (a) (3) de esta parte.

(3)

(i) Reevaluación del plan HACCP. Cada establecimiento deberá reevaluar la idoneidad del plan HACCP al
menos una vez al año y siempre que ocurra algún cambio que pueda afectar el análisis de peligros o
alterar el plan HACCP. Dichos cambios pueden incluir, entre otros, cambios en: materias primas o fuente
de materias primas; formulación de productos; métodos o sistemas de sacrificio o procesamiento;
volumen de producción; personal; embalaje; sistemas de distribución de productos terminados; o el uso
previsto o los consumidores del producto terminado. La reevaluación deberá ser realizada por una
persona capacitada de acuerdo con § 417.7 de esta parte. El plan HACCP se modificará inmediatamente
siempre que una reevaluación revele que el plan ya no cumple con los requisitos de § 417.2 (c) de esta
parte.

(ii) Cada establecimiento debe hacer un registro de cada reevaluación requerida por el párrafo (a) (3) (i)
de esta sección y debe documentar las razones de cualquier cambio al plan HACCP basado en la
reevaluación, o las razones para no cambiar el plan HACCP basado en la reevaluación. Para las
reevaluaciones anuales, si el establecimiento determina que no se necesitan cambios en su plan HACCP,
no es necesario que documente la base para esta determinación.

(b) Reevaluación del análisis de peligros. Cualquier establecimiento que no tenga un plan HACCP porque
un análisis de peligros no ha revelado peligros para la inocuidad de los alimentos que sea
razonablemente probable que ocurran, deberá reevaluar la idoneidad del análisis de peligros siempre
que ocurra un cambio que podría afectar razonablemente si existe un peligro para la inocuidad de los
alimentos. Dichos cambios pueden incluir, entre otros, cambios en: materias primas o fuente de
materias primas; formulación de productos; métodos o sistemas de sacrificio o procesamiento; volumen
de producción; embalaje; sistemas de distribución de productos terminados; o el uso previsto o los
consumidores del producto terminado.

[61 FR 38868, 25 de julio de 1996, según enmendada en 77 FR 26936, 8 de mayo de 2012]


§ 417.5 Records.
(a) The establishment shall maintain the following records documenting the
establishment's HACCP plan:
(1) The written hazard analysis prescribed in § 417.2(a) of this part,
including all supporting documentation;
(2) The written HACCP plan, including decisionmaking documents
associated with the selection and development of CCP's and critical limits,
and documents supporting both the monitoring and verification procedures
selected and the frequency of those procedures.
(3) Records documenting the monitoring of CCP's and their critical limits,
including the recording of actual times, temperatures, or other quantifiable
values, as prescribed in the establishment's HACCP plan; the calibration of
process-monitoring instruments; corrective actions, including all actions
taken in response to a deviation; verification procedures and results;
product code(s), product name or identity, or slaughter production lot.
Each of these records shall include the date the record was made.
(b) Each entry on a record maintained under the HACCP plan shall be made
at the time the specific event occurs and include the date and time recorded,
and shall be signed or initialed by the establishment employee making the
entry.
(c) Prior to shipping product, the establishment shall review the records
associated with the production of that product, documented in accordance
with this section, to ensure completeness, including the determination that
all critical limits were met and, if appropriate, corrective actions were taken,
including the proper disposition of product. Where practicable, this review
shall be conducted, dated, and signed by an individual who did not produce
the record(s), preferably by someone trained in accordance with § 417.7 of
this part, or the responsible establishment official.
(d) Records maintained on computers. The use of records maintained on
computers is acceptable, provided that appropriate controls are
implemented to ensure the integrity of the electronic data and signatures.
(e) Record retention.
(1) Establishments shall retain all records required by paragraph (a)(3) of
this section as follows: for slaughter activities for at least one year; for
refrigerated product, for at least one year; for frozen, preserved, or shelf-
stable products, for at least two years.
(2) Off-site storage of records required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section
is permitted after six months, if such records can be retrieved and
provided, on-site, within 24 hours of an FSIS employee's request.
(f) Official review. All records required by this part and all plans and
procedures required by this part shall be available for official review and
copying.

§ 417.5 Registros.
(a) El establecimiento deberá mantener los siguientes registros que documenten el plan HACCP del
establecimiento:

(1) El análisis de peligros escrito prescrito en § 417.2 (a) de esta parte, incluida toda la documentación
de respaldo;

(2) El plan HACCP escrito, incluidos los documentos de toma de decisiones asociados con la selección y
el desarrollo de los PCC y los límites críticos, y los documentos que respaldan los procedimientos de
control y verificación seleccionados y la frecuencia de esos procedimientos.

(3) Registros que documenten el monitoreo de los PCC y sus límites críticos, incluido el registro de
tiempos, temperaturas u otros valores cuantificables reales, según lo prescrito en el plan HACCP del
establecimiento; la calibración de instrumentos de seguimiento de procesos; acciones correctivas,
incluidas todas las acciones tomadas en respuesta a una desviación; procedimientos y resultados de
verificación; código (s) de producto, nombre o identidad del producto o lote de producción para el
sacrificio. Cada uno de estos registros deberá incluir la fecha en que se realizó el registro.

(b) Cada entrada en un registro mantenido bajo el plan HACCP deberá hacerse en el momento en que
ocurra el evento específico e incluir la fecha y hora registradas, y deberá estar firmada o rubricada por el
empleado del establecimiento que realiza la entrada.

(c) Antes de enviar el producto, el establecimiento deberá revisar los registros asociados con la
producción de ese producto, documentados de acuerdo con esta sección, para asegurar que estén
completos, incluida la determinación de que se cumplieron todos los límites críticos y, si corresponde, se
tomaron las acciones correctivas. tomado, incluida la disposición adecuada del producto. Cuando sea
posible, esta revisión deberá ser realizada, fechada y firmada por una persona que no produjo los
registros, preferiblemente por alguien capacitado de acuerdo con § 417.7 de esta parte, o el funcionario
responsable del establecimiento.

(d) Registros mantenidos en computadoras. El uso de registros mantenidos en computadoras es


aceptable, siempre que se implementen los controles apropiados para asegurar la integridad de los
datos electrónicos y las firmas.

(e) Retención de registros.


(1) Los establecimientos conservarán todos los registros requeridos por el párrafo (a) (3) de esta sección
de la siguiente manera: para actividades de matanza durante al menos un año; para producto
refrigerado, por al menos un año; para productos congelados, conservados o no perecederos, durante al
menos dos años.

(2) Se permite el almacenamiento fuera del sitio de registros requerido por el párrafo (a) (3) de esta
sección después de seis meses, si dichos registros se pueden recuperar y proporcionar, en el sitio,
dentro de las 24 horas posteriores a la solicitud de un empleado del FSIS.

(f) Revisión oficial. Todos los registros requeridos por esta parte y todos los planes y procedimientos
requeridos por esta parte estarán disponibles para revisión oficial y copia.

§ 417.6 Inadequate HACCP Systems.


A HACCP system may be found to be inadequate if:
(a) The HACCP plan in operation does not meet the requirements set forth in
this part;
(b) Establishment personnel are not performing tasks specified in the HACCP
plan;
(c) The establishment fails to take corrective actions, as required by §
417.3 of this part;
(d) HACCP records are not being maintained as required in § 417.5 of this
part; or
(e) Adulterated product is produced or shipped.

417.6 Sistemas HACCP inadecuados.

Un sistema HACCP puede resultar inadecuado si:

(a) El plan HACCP en funcionamiento no cumple con los requisitos establecidos en esta parte;

(b) El personal del establecimiento no está realizando las tareas especificadas en el plan HACCP;

(c) El establecimiento no toma las acciones correctivas, como lo requiere la § 417.3 de esta parte;

(d) Los registros de HACCP no se mantienen como se requiere en § 417.5 de esta parte; o

(e) Se produce o envía un producto adulterado.

§ 417.7 Training.
Link to an amendment published at 85 FR 68672, Oct. 29, 2020.
Link to a correction published at 85 FR 81340, Dec. 16, 2020.
(a) Only an individual who has met the requirements of paragraph (b) of this
section, but who need not be an employee of the establishment, shall be
permitted to perform the following functions:
(1) Development of the HACCP plan, in accordance with § 417.2(b) of this
part, which could include adapting a generic model that is appropriate for
the specific product; and
(2) Reassessment and modification of the HACCP plan, in accordance
with § 417.3 of this part.
(b) The individual performing the functions listed in paragraph (a) of this
section shall have successfully completed a course of instruction in the
application of the seven HACCP principles to meat or poultry product
processing, including a segment on the development of a HACCP plan for a
specific product and on record review.

417.7 Entrenamiento.

Enlace a una enmienda publicada en 85 FR 68672, 29 de octubre de 2020.

Enlace a una corrección publicada en 85 FR 81340, 16 de diciembre de 2020.

(a) Solo una persona que haya cumplido con los requisitos del párrafo (b) de esta sección, pero que no
necesite ser un empleado del establecimiento, podrá realizar las siguientes funciones:

(1) Desarrollo del plan HACCP, de acuerdo con § 417.2 (b) de esta parte, que podría incluir la adaptación
de un modelo genérico que sea apropiado para el producto específico; y

(2) Reevaluación y modificación del plan HACCP, de acuerdo con § 417.3 de esta parte.

(b) La persona que desempeñe las funciones enumeradas en el párrafo (a) de esta sección deberá haber
completado satisfactoriamente un curso de instrucción en la aplicación de los siete principios de HACCP
al procesamiento de productos cárnicos o avícolas, incluido un segmento sobre el desarrollo de un plan
HACCP. para un producto específico y revisión de registros.

417.8 Agency verification.


FSIS will verify the adequacy of the HACCP plan(s) by determining that each
HACCP plan meets the requirements of this part and all other applicable
regulations. Such verification may include:
(a) Reviewing the HACCP plan;
(b) Reviewing the CCP records;
(c) Reviewing and determining the adequacy of corrective actions taken
when a deviation occurs;
(d) Reviewing the critical limits;
(e) Reviewing other records pertaining to the HACCP plan or system;
(f) Direct observation or measurement at a CCP;
(g) Sample collection and analysis to determine the product meets all safety
standards; and
(h) On-site observations and record review.

417.8 Verificación de la agencia.

El FSIS verificará la idoneidad de los planes HACCP determinando que cada plan HACCP cumple con los
requisitos de esta parte y todas las demás regulaciones aplicables. Dicha verificación puede incluir:

(a) Revisar el plan HACCP;

(b) Revisión de los registros de PCC;

(c) Revisar y determinar la idoneidad de las acciones correctivas tomadas cuando ocurre una desviación;

(d) Revisar los límites críticos;

(e) Revisar otros registros pertenecientes al plan o sistema HACCP;

(f) Observación o medición directa en un PCC;

(g) Recolección y análisis de muestras para determinar que el producto cumple con todas las normas de
seguridad; y

(h) Observaciones in situ y revisión de registros.

You might also like