EXERCISE # 2 PART - | : MIXED OBJECTIVE * Marked Questions are having more than one correct option. Single Correct Answer Type : 1. A large number of bullets are fired in all directions with same speed u. What is the maximum area on the ground on which these bullets will spread 2 ut ut ee Aas ®x oe Or e (0) 7 e Two projectiles Aand Bare projected with same speed at angles 30” and 60° to horizontal, then choose the wrong statement? (symbols have their usual meaning). (A) Ra=Re (8) Hy=3H, (C) 3 Te =Ta (©) Allof these ‘Two projectiles are thrown simultaneously in the same plane from the same point, their velocities are v, and v, at angles @, and @, respectively from the horizontal. Ifv,cos 8, = v,cos6,, then choose the incorrect statement : (A) one particle will remain exactly below or above the other particle (B) the trajectory of one with respect to other will be a vertical straight line (C) both will have the same range (D) none of these Aparticle P is projected with velocity u, at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Another particle Q is thrown vertically upwards with velocity u, from a point vertically below the highest point of path of P. The necessary condition for the two particles to collide at the highest point is : @) u,=2u, © w=2 ©) u,=4u, ‘Two particles are separated at a horizontal distance x as shown in figure. They are projected at the same time as shown in figure with different initial speed. The time after which the horizontal distance between the particles become zero is ul a 30° 60% (A) wax @) xu (C) 2ux (0) uxThe trajectory of a projectile in a vertical plane is y = ax — bx?, where a, b are constants, x and y are respectively the horizontal and vertical distances of the projectile from the point of projection. The maximum height attained is : a a a a (A) b (8) 8b © ‘&b (D) 2gb Particle is dropped from the height of 20m from horizontal ground. A constant force acts on the particle in horizontal direction due to which horizontal acceleration of the particle becomes 6 ms~. Find the horizontal displacement of the particle til it reaches ground. (ayem (8)10m (©) 12m (0) 24m A particle is dropped from a tower in a uniform gravitational field at t = 0. The particle is blown over by a horizontal wind with constant velocity. Slope of trajectory of particle (tan 0) with horizontal varies according to: tand ‘ano =e ‘ane @ ® © © ' x x t A projectile is fired with a velocity at right angle to the slope which is inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The expression for the range R along the incline is : av av? av & seco 2 tano 2° tano seco wy @ 5 OG Multiple Correct Answer(s) Type : 10" ne 12° ‘Two particles are projected from the same point with the same speed, at different angles ®, and @, to the horizontal. They have the same horizontal range. Their time of fight are t, and t, respectively. Then : ts; sin6, u t (A) 0, +0, = 90" (8) . =tand, ) ie = tan, (0) Gar A projectile is projected at an angle of elevation a. After t seconds, it appears to have an angle of elevation i as seen from the point of projection. Which of the following are correct: (A) the y-coordinate of the position of the projectile at time tis (v sin a) t ; ot” . where vis the velocity of projection (B) the x-coordinate of the position of projectile at time t is (v cos a) t, where vis the velocity of projection at (©) tan B = tana gt cos p SL _Stoos B (D) velocity of projectionis 3 Tey ‘Acannon ball hasa range R on a horizontal plane. h and h’ are the greatest heights in the two paths for which this is possible. Now, which of the following are correct : (A) there are two possible angles of projection 8 and (90° —6) for which the horizontal range is R 2 sin? 2 cos? (8) it n= SS then ny cos O 29 2a (r= e8 (0) R= 4vhh"138 140 15 Choose the correct alternative (s) : (A) If the greatest height to which a man can throw a stone is h, then the greatest horizontal distance upto which he can throw the stone is 2h. (B) The angle of projection for a projectile motion whose range Ris times the maximum height is tan-* (4/n) (C) The time of flight T and the horizontal range R of a projectile are connected by the equation gT?=2Rtang where qis the angle of projection. (0) Aballis thrown vertically up. Another ball is thrown at an angle q with the vertical. Both of them remain in air for the same period of time. Then the ratio of heights attained by the two balls 1 : 1. If T is the total time of flight, h is the maximum height & R is the range for horizontal motion, the x & y co-ordinates of projectile motion and time t are related as : weal Od) ora 8 orm()(-2) ova) (-8 ‘Two balls are thrown from an inclined plane at angle of projection a with the plane, one up the inclined and other down the inclined as shown in figure. Then : 2vosina goos0 2 (C) R,-R, =gsin 0. T? (where Trepresents time of flight) (0) vin=vt, A projectile is projected at an angle a (> 45°) with an initial velocity u. The time t at which its horizontal component will equal the vertical component in magnitude: (A) t= § (0s a ~sina) (B)t= § (cosa + sina) (t= F (sin «cos a) ()t= 5 (sin? a— cos? a) PART - Il : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS A stone projected at an angle of 60° from the ground level strikes at an angle of 30° on the roof of a building of height ‘h= 30m ’. Find the speed of projection(in m/s) of the stone.‘A particle is projected from the horizontal x-z plane, in vertical x-y plane where x-axis is horizontal and positive y-axis vertically upwards. The graph of 'y' coordinate of the particle vis time is as shown. The range of the particle is ./3 m. Then the speed of the projected particle is /20+x in m/s. find x: ‘A particle P is projected from a point on the surface of smooth inclined plane (see figure). Simultaneously another particle Q is released on the smooth inclined plane from the same position. P and Q collide after t= 4 second. The speed of projection of P is 5+ x (in mis ). find x. e Op A particle is projected at an angle 0 with an inclined plane making an angle 8 with the horizontal as shown in figure, speed of the particle is u, after time t find : x-axis (a) x component of acceleration ? (b) y component of acceleration 2 (c) x component of velocity ? (d) y component of velocity 7 (e) x component of displacement ? ( y component of displacement ? (g) y component of velocity when particle is at maximum distance from the incline plane ? Find range of projectile on the inclined plane which is projected perpendicular to the incline plane with velocity 20 m/s as shown in figure. NQ a The figure shows two position And B at the same height h above the ground. If the maximum height of the projectile is H, Then determine the time t elapsed between the positions A and B in terms of H.% 9. 10. 1. 12. 13. 14, 15. A particle is projected with velocity 20 m/s at an angle of 45° with horizontal. Find out the - (a) horizontal Range Itake g = 10 mis’) (b) Maximum Height (0) Time of flight (d) For which angle is T maximum, T,,,, (e) For which angle is R maximum, R,.., Acricketer can throw a ball to a maximum horizontal distance of 100 m. How much high should above the ground can the cricketer throw the same ball The direction of motion of a projectile at a certain instant is inclined at an angle « to the horizontal. After t seconds it is inclined an angle f . Find the horizontal component of velocity of projection in terms of g,t, cand B. ‘Agun kept on a straight horizontal road is used to hit a car, traveling along the same road away from the gun with a uniform speed of 72 x ./2 km/hour. The caris at a distance of 50 metre from the gun, when the gun is fired at an angle of 45° with the horizontal. Find (i) the distance of the car from the gun when the shell hits it, (i) the speed of projection of the shell from the gun. [g = 10 mis’ 2 The equation of aprojectileis y= /3x— = . find the angle of projection. Also find the speed of ax Projection. Where at t= 0, x= 0 andy =Oalso (> If at an instant the velocity of a projectile be u and its inclination to the horizontal be 0, at whal interval after that instant will the particle be moving at right angles to its former direction. From the top of a tower of height 40 m, a ball is projected upwards with a speed of 20 m/secat an angle of 30° to the horizontal. When and at what distance from the foot of the tower does the ball hit the ground ? What is the speed of the ball at this instant ? The radius vector of a point A relative to the origin varies with time tas ¢ = at i — bt? j , where and bare positive constants and j and j are the unit vectors of the x and y axes. Find: (i) The equation of the point's trajectory y (x) ; plot this function (ii) The time dependence of the velocity v and acceleration a vectors as well as of the moduli of these quantities. projectile is fired at an angle with the horizontal. Find the condition under which it lands perpendicular on an inclined plane inclination «as shown in figure.iis——<- > xt) ——| PART-! IIT-JEE (PREVIOUS YEARS PROBLEMS) * Marked Questions are having more than one correct op! 45 nm. Abuilding 4.8 mhigh 2b meters wide has a flat roof. A ball is projected from a point on the horizontal ground 14.4maway from the building along its width. If projected with velocity 16 m/s at an angle of 45° with the ground, the ball hts the roof in the middie, find the width 2b. Also find the angle of projection so that the ball just crosses the roof if projected with velocity 10 V3 m/s.(g=10m/s*) [REE '95, 6] Avertical pole has a red mark at some height. A stone is projected from a fixed point on the ground. When projected at an angle of 45° it hits the pole orthogonally 1m above the mark. When projected with a different velocity at an angle of tan-"(3/4), it hits the pole orthogonally 1.5m below the mark. Find the velocity and angle of projection so that it hits the mark orthogonally to the pole. [ g = 10 m/sec?] IREE'96, 6] The coordinates of a particle moving in a plane are given by x (t) = a cos (pt) and y (t) = b sin (pt), where a, b ( [al—[b| When does the equality sign above apply ? Given a+b +¢+d=0, which of the following statements are correct : (a)a,b, cand d must each be a null vector, (b) The magnitude of (a + c) equals the magnitude of (b+ d), (0) The magnitude of a can never be greater than the sum of the magnitudes of b, cand d, (d) b + c must lie in the plane of a and d if a and d are not collinear, and in the line of a and d, if they are collinear ? The girls skating on a circular ice ground of radius 200 m start from a point P on the edge of the ground and reach a point Q diametrically opposite to P following different paths as shown in figure 4.23. What is the magnitude of the displacement vector for each ? For which girls is this equal to the actual length of path skate ? Q9. 10. n. 12. 13, 14. 15. 16. 7 18. 20. 2. A cyclist starts from the centre O of a circular park of radius 1 km, reaches the edge P of the park, then cycles along the circumference, and retums to the centre along OQ as shown in figure 4.24. Ifthe round trip takes 10 min, what is the (a) net displacement, (b) average velocity, and (c) average speed of the cyclist ? Q On an open ground, a motorist follows a track that turns to his left by an angle of 60° after every 500 m. Starting from a given turn, specify the displacement of the motorist at the third, sixth and eight tum. Compare the magnitude of the displacement with the total path length covered by the motorist in each case. passenger arriving in a new town wishes to go from the station to a hotel located 10 km away on a straight road from the station. A dishonest cabman takes him along a circuitous path 23 km long and reaches the hotel in 28 min. What is (a) the average speed of the taxi, (b) the magnitude of average velocity ? Are the two equal ? Rain is falling vertically with a sped of 30 ms-". Awoman rides a bicycle with a speed of 10 ms~'in the north to south direction. What is the direction in which she should hold her umbrella ? Aman can swim with a sped of 4 km/h in still water. How long does he take to cross a river 1 km wide if the river flows steadily at 3 knv/h and he makes his strokes normal to the river current ? How far down the river does he go when he reaches the other bank ? In a harbour, wind is blowing at he speed of 72 km/h and the flag on the mast of a boat anchored in the harbour flutters along the N-E direction. If the boat starts moving ata sped of 51 km/h to the north, what is the direction of the flag on the mast of the boat ? The ceiling of a long hall is 25 m high. What is the maximum horizontal distance that a ball thrown with a speed of 40 ms“ can go without hitting the ceiling of the hall ? Accricketer can throw a ball to a maximum horizontal distance of 100 m. How much high above the ground can the cricketer throw the same ball ? Asstone tied to the end of a string 80 om long is whirled in a horizontal circle with a constant speed. If the stone makes 14 revolutions in 25 s, what is the magnitude and direction of acceleration of the stone ? An aircraft executes a horizontal loop of radius 1 km with a steady speed of 900km/h. Compare its centripetal acceleration with the acceleration due to gravity. Read each statement below carefully and state, with reasons, if it is rue or false : (a) The net acceleration of a particle in circular motion is always along the radius of the circle towards the centre (b) The velocity vector of a particle at a point is always along the tangent to the path of the particle at that point (0) The acceleration vector of a particle in uniform circular motion averaged over one cyole is a null vector. The position of a particle is given by tr=3.0ti-2.0t7]+4.0km ‘where tis in seconds and the coefficients have the proper units for r to be in metres. (a) Find the v anda of the particle ? (b) What is the magnitude and direction of velocity of the particle att=28? A particle starts from the origin at t = 0 s with a velocity of 10.0 j m/s and moves in the x-y plane with a constant acceleration of (8.07 + 2.0] )m s~. (a) At what time is the x-coordinate of the particle 16 m? What is the y-coordinate of the particle at that time ? (b) What is the speed of the particle at the time ?22. 25. 31. 32. 33. and j are unit vector along x- and y-axis respectively. What is the magnitude and direction of the vectors i+], and jj ? What are the components of a vector A= 2i +3] along the directions of j +] and jj? For any arbitrary motion in space, which of the following relations are true (2) Vo serage = (1/2) (v (t,) + v(t) (D) Varerage = E (E) — Ft) (E-t) (c) V (t) = v (0) at (0) rt) =1(0) +v(0) t+ (1/2) ae (©) Bacay = LV Ct) —V (t)]/ (t,t) (The ‘average’ stands for average of the quantity over the time interval t, tot, ) ‘Which of the following quantities are independent of the choice of orientation of the coordinate axes ? a+b, 3a, +2b,, |a +b — cl), angle between b and c, a where is a scalar ? Read each statement below carefully and state, with reasons and examples, if itis true or false : Asscalar quantity is one that (a) is conserved ina process (b) can never take negative values, (0) must be dimensionless (d) does not vary from one point to another in space (e) has the same value for observers with different orientations of axes. Anaircrattis flying at a height of 3400 m above the ground. If the angle subtended at a ground observation point by the aircraft positions 10 s apart is 30°, whats the speed of the aircraft ? ‘vector has magnitude and direction. Does it have a location in space ? Cant vary with time ? Will two equal vectors a and b at different locations in space necessarily have identical physical effects ? Give examples in support of your answer. vector has both magnitude and direction. Does it mean that anything that has magnitude and direction is necessarily a vector ? The rotation of a body can be specified by the direction of the axis of rotation, and the angle of rotation about the axis. Does that make any rotation a vector ? Can you associate vectors with (a) the length of a wire bent into a loop, (b) a plane area, (c) a sphere ? Explain. Abullet fired at an angle of 30° with the horizontal hits the ground 3 km away. By adjusting its angle of projection, can one hope to hit a target 5 km away ? Assume the muzzle speed to the fixed, and neglect air resistance. ‘Amachine gun is mounted on the top of a tower 100 m high. At what angle should the gun be inclined to cover a maximum range of firing on the ground below ? the muzzle speed of the bullet is 150 ms"* (take g = 10 ms) A fighter plane flying horizontally at an altitude of 1.5 km with speed 720 km/h passes directly overhead an anti-aircraft gun. At what angle from the vertical should the gun be fired for the shell with muzzle speed 600 ms~*to hit the plane. At what minimum altitude should the pilot fly the plane to avoid being hit ? (Take g = 10 ms*) cyclist is riding with a speed of 27 km/h. As he approaches a circular turn on the road of radius 80 m, he applies brakes and reduces his speed at the constant rate of 0.5 m/s every second. What is the magnitude and direction of the net acceleration of the cyclist on the circular turn ? (a) Show that for a projectile the angle between the velocity and the x-axis as a function of time is given by @(t) tan 27 isin“) (b) Shows that the projection angle 0, for a projectile launched from the origin is given by 4h, 0 stant | von) where the symbols have their usual meaning.A-1. A-8.* A-15. C-1. 12. 15." Exercise # 1 PART-I (A) A-2. (A) A-3. (A) A-4. (A) A-5. (B) A-93. (A) A-10. (C) A-11. (C) A12. (D) A-16. (B) B-1* (CD) B-2* (AC) B-3. (A) c-2. (D) c-3. (0) C-4.* (ABCD) C-5. PART-II (B) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (an (A) 10. (A)-s ; (Br ; (C)—a ; (D)-p (A) - 1; (B)-s; (C)-q; (D)-p Exercise # 2 PART-I (8) 2. © 3 QO 4 8) 5. ®) 9. (C) 10* (ABD) 41.* (ABCD) 12.* (ABC) 16.* (BC) PART-II 1B) AG. (BR) A-43. (A) B4. (A) D+. (D) 6. 11. (A)-r; (8) 6. (ABD) 13.* ©) (0) ) (C) (B) A-14. B-5.* D-2. 7. (B) (B) (AB) (C) (A) (B)-s ; (C)-q; (D)-p (A) 7. (ABCD) 14.* (©) (AC)Exercise # 3 PART-I 1 9 width of the roof is 9.6m; o=tan?2 oro=45° 2 OO mys, sax 5) 2 3 10) (AB) 4. 400m, V,=40 m/s, V,=40 V3 mvs, T= 10s. PART-II ®9 2 @ 2 @®@ 4 WM & @ 6& Exercise # 4 Volume, mass, speed, density, number of moles, angular frequency are scalars; the rest are vectors. Work, current Impulse Only (c) and (d) are permissible (a) T, (b) F, (c) F, (4) T, (e) T Hint : The sum (difference) of any two sides of a triangle is never less (greater) than the third side. Equality holds for collinear vectors. All statements except (a) are correct 400 m for each; B (a) 0; (b) 0; (6) 21.4 kmh" Displacement of magnitude 1 km and direction 60° with the initial direction; total path length = 1.5 km (third turn); null displacement vector; path length = 3 km sixth turn): 866 m, 30°, 4 km (eight turn) (a) 49.3 km h~; (b) 21.4 kmh”. No, the average speed equals average velocity magnitude only fora straight path. About 18° with the vertical, towards the south. 15 min, 750 m East (approximately) 150.5m 50m 9.9 ms, along the radius at every point towards the centre. 64g (a) False (true only for uniform circular motion) (b) True, (c) True 4.0j) a()=-4.0] (b) 8.54 ms“, 70° with x-axis. (a) 2s, 24 m, 21.26 ms" (2. 45° with the x-axis; /2 , — 45° with the x-axis, (5/ J, -1/ J). (b) and (e) Allexcept 3a, + 2b, Only (e) is true 182.2ms" No. Rotations in general cannot be associated with vectors. ‘Avector can be associated with a plane area No 43.8° Atan angle if sin~' (1/3) = 19.5° with the vertical; 16 km 0.86 m s*, 54.5° with the direction of velocity.