ASCII and Unicode
Data Representation- Numbers
Digital devices uses Binary
system (0 and 1 ) to represent Binary systems use 8 bits
data
Hexadecimal (or "hex") is a
It uses digits `0–9` and letters
numbering system based on
`A–F` (where `A = 10`, `B =
16 symbols, often used as
11`, etc.), making it easy to
shorthand for binary values in
represent binary data.
computing
Character Data Representation
Character Set – Defined list of characters recognised by the hardware and software of the
system
ASCII Code - 7 bit code was introduced to represent text in systems
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Standardisation done for fixing the character set for all systems
Lowercase, Upper case, Control keys, Punctuation keys represented by ASCII
Purpose of ASCII-
01 02 03
ASCII code assigns a Computers can only ASCII represents text
number for each read numbers, so
English character ASCII is a numerical
representation of
special characters
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aJKKgSEUnY
Programming ASCII codes
• Ord function to get the ASCII code of a character
• Chr function to get the character based on the ASCII code.
Extended ASCII
• To represent different language
symbols
• No standard followed across any
manufacturers, created issues when
transferring data across different
manufacture made devices
UNICODE
UNICODE
Uses of Unicode
• Encode text for creation of
passwords
• Encode characters used in
settings
• Modify characters used in
documents
• Encodes characters to
display in all webpages
Bit-mapped Images
• Displays text and graphics on a VDU/monitor
• screen divided up into a grid
• each square on the grid is a Pixel- Pixel element
How?
• Bits controlling a pixel stored in a specific memory
location
• Consecutive memory locations hold all the codes
controlling the screen
• Computer scans the memory and generates the picture
by lighting screen pixels with the colour code for the
individual pixel
Resolution and Color depth
Resolution - Number of pixels per square inch of the image
Pixels per inch or ppi
Pixel Dimensions-Width and height of the image
Color Depth
Each square in this pixel represented using bits.
The number of bits used to represent a pixel determines the
color depth of the image
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvb5oNuvBLU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3Y_ZvOr0K0
1 bit, 2 bit, 3 bit Images
1 bit – 2 colors 2 bit – 4 colors 3 bit – 8 colors
File Size
File Size= Pixel Dimensions * Color Depth
Pixel density is given, each of the pixel
dimension has to be multiplied with the
pixel density.
Data Representation
- Sound
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ibrf6LHl
oGc
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7nJIG3
3ZAc
Describe the process of
converting analogue
sound waves into digital
data.
Worksheet – Sound Sampling Answer
