GE 6: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY

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1. All but one is correct statements about Science, Technology, and Society.
A. It seeks to bridge the gap between humanities and natural sciences.
B. A relatively young field that combines previously independent and older disciplines.
C. It exposed that schools today do not really prepare students to respond critically, and proactively
to the challenges posed by science and technology in the modern world.
D. An important academic discipline to help you do science functionally and be alienated from
society.

2. What is the term used to describe the factors that paved the way for the presence of advanced and
sophisticated scientific and ethnological innovations today?
A. Historical antecedent
B. History
C. Science
D. Technology

3. The following statements sum up the nature of science except?

A. The world is understandable
B. It explains and predicts
C. It is a complex activity
D. Scientific ideas are at rest

4. Which of the following area best illustrates Science?

A. Process of generating electricity
B. Production of batteries
C. Generating knowledge on electricity is produced
D. Fabrication of machine that generates electricity

5. Which nature of science presumes that the things and events in the universe occur in consistent patterns
that are comprehensible through careful, systematic study?
A. The world is understandable
B. Scientific ideas are subject to change
C. Scientific knowledge is durable
D. Scientific demands evidence

6. All but one is the driving concern for Science and Technology development.
A. Conservation of the environment
B. Peace and humanitarian behavior
C. Engineering and Architecture
D. Observation and measurement

7. Which of the following is not among the emerging ethical dilemmas and policy issues in science and
technology for 2020 according to John J. Reilly?
A. AI and Gamification in hiring
B. Grinch Bots
C. Pseudoscience of skincare
D. Tech Ethics
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8. Technology came from the Greek word techne, which means?

A. Cunning of hand
B. Equipment
C. Knowledge
D. Tools

9. What is a sleep-tracking device that can alter dreams by tracking hypnagogia and then delivering audio
cues?
A. Civvl
B. Dormio
C. GPT-3
D. REM

10. All but one is the ten scientific challenges in 2021 according to Jessica Baron.
A. Digital Twin
B. Facebook
C. HARPA Safehome
D. Stalkerware apps

11. This is a popular online tool that, through recording in the classroom, scores children on their behavior,
and then shares that with the class, as well as parents.
A. Class Dojo
B. Edmodo
C. Grinch Bots
D. HARPA software

12. A software used to create fake videos or audio recordings that look and sound like the real thing and
nothing gets deleted from the Internet.
A. Data void
B. Deep fakes
C. CRISPR-Cas9
D. Stalkerware

13. Which of the following statements about Egyptian civilization is correct?

i. The Egyptian civilization is known as the birthplace of western philosophy
ii. The ancient Egyptians are known for their massive constructions and outstanding architecture
iii. The ancient Egyptians were the first to develop the decimal system

A. i and ii
B. i and iii
C. ii and iii
D. i, ii and iii
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14. Which of the following statements about Aztec civilization is correct?

i. The Aztec civilization is known for its mandatory education
ii. It used chocolate as currency
iii. This civilization established quipu, the system of knotted ropes to keep records
A. i and ii
B. i and iii
C. ii and iii
D. i, ii, and iii

15. What technological advancement during the medieval ages is a wooden machine that extracted juices
from fruit attached to a metal impression of letters and pressed to paper?
A. Codex
B. Computer
C. Microscope
D. Printing Press

16. Who invented the Telescope which is an optical instrument that makes distant objects appear magnified
by using an arrangement of lenses?
A. Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
B. Galileo Galilei
C. Isaac Newton
D. Johann Gutenberg

17. What was known as the Hero's engine and is the precursor of the steam engine?
A. Aeolipile
B. Antikythera
C. Chichen
D. Onager

18. Which is not a contribution of the Sumerian civilization?

A. Jewelry
B. First Map
C. Wheel
D. First true city

19. What is the solar cycle-based calendar?

A. Chinese Calendar
B. Lunar Calendar
C. Julian Calendar
D. Solar Calendar

20. One of the most notable contributions of Egyptian civilization is the Papyrus. What is the scientific name
of the papyrus plant?
A. Cytirus papyrus
B. Cytera papyrus
C. Cyperus papyrus
D. Cydireta papyrus
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21. It is known as the birthplace of western philosophy.

A. Babylonian Civilization
B. Greek Civilization
C. Roman Civilization
D. Sumerian Civilization

22. Who was known as the very first licensed pharmacist in the Philippines, and one of the most eminent
botanists?
A. Manuel Guerrero
B. Leon Ma Guerrero
C. Abelardo Aguilar
D. Rolando dela Cruz

23. Who invented the wig?

A. Aztecs
B. Babylonians
C. Egyptians
D. Indians

24. Who is the Father of Philippine Science and Laboratory?

A. Manuel Guerrero
B. Leon Ma. Guerrero
C. Anacleto Del Rosario
D. Acelardo Aguilar

25. Who is the first Asian woman and Filipina to be admitted to Harvard University?
A. Aisa Mijeno
B. Clara Lim-Sylianco
C. Fe Del Mundo
D. Luz Oliveros-Belardo

26. Egyptians believed that a person wearing this make-up was protected from evil and that beauty was a sign
of holiness.
A. Chinampa
B. Huoyao
C. Kohl
D. Quipu

27. Which civilization is known as the Harappan Civilization?

A. Aztec Civilization
B. Babylonian Civilization
C. Incan Civilization
D. Indian Civilization
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28. Sumerians: Cuneiform; Egyptians: _____________.

A. Ayurveda
B. Ballista
C. Hieroglyphics
D. Scorpion

29. What framework contains all the commonly accepted views about a subject, conventions about what
direction research should take, and how it should be performed?
A. Scientific Data
B. Scientific Inquiry
C. Scientific Paradigm
D. Scientific Pedagogy

30. What is the name of the first mobile robot invented in 1972?
A. Emma
B. Freya
C. Radion
D. Shakey

31. What is the name of the first smartphone?

A. Engine No. 2
B. Nokia
C. Otis
D. Simon

32. Kuhn was interested in how the overarching theories we have of reality itself influence the models and
theories we make about reality within that paradigm. Which questions were used to dictate the paradigm?

i. What is observed and measured?

ii. The questions we ask about those observations.
iii. How the questions are formulated
iv. How the results are gathered?
v. What equipment is appropriate?

A. i, ii, iii
B. i, ii, iii, and iv
C. i, ii, iii, and v
D. i, iii, iv, and v

33. Aisa Mijeno invented the SALT lamp. SALT is the acronym for?
A. Sustainable Alternative Lighting Lamp
B. Sufficient and Authentic Light Lamp
C. Sustainable Administered Lighting Lamp
D. Supplied Alternative Lighting Lamp
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34. Computer: Charles Babbage; Telephone: __________.

A. Alexander Graham Bell
B. Nikola Tesla
C. Gulglielmo Marconi
D. Wilbur Wrights

35. Which of the following contributions led to the shift from a geocentric to a heliocentric model?
i. Tycho Brahe’s careful observation of the star, Cassiopeia.
ii. Johannes Kepler’s said that all planets move in elliptical orbits and the sun at the center
iii. Galileo Galilie’s developed his own telescope and observed Mars
iv. Sir Isaac Newton’s law of gravitation

A. i and ii
B. i, ii, and iii
C. i, ii, and iv
D. i, ii, iii, and iv

36. Select the statement that incorrectly explains the theory of evolution?
A. Often described as the survival of the fittest, where fitness refers to the ability to survive and live.
B. All life on Earth is connected and related to each other.
C. This diversity of life came about because of the modifications in populations that were driven by
natural selection.
D. Emphasizes that organisms are the result of a change in the heritable characteristics of a biological
population over successive generations

37. Who is the Father of Evolution?

A. Brahe
B. Darwin
C. Mendel
D. Copernicus

38. Who Invented Erythromycin, an antibiotic from Streptomyces erythreus?

A. Abelardo Aguilar
B. Abelardo Del Rosario
C. Manuel Guerrero
D. Rolando Dela Cruz

39. According to Sigmund Freud, the main proponent of Psychoanalytic Theory, the superego is mainly
concerned with the:
A. Resolution of conflict within the self
B. Idea of right and wrong
C. Finding greater satisfaction
D. Development of a healthy psyche
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40. During the height of anger, which psyche operates according to Freud?
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Id and Ego

41. Who proposed the Geocentric Model of the Universe?

A. Aristotle
B. Copernicus
C. Galileo
D. Ptolemy

42. Indigenous science is guided by culture and community values. Which statement is incorrect?
A. The Earth is revered as “Mother Earth”. It is the origin of their identity as people.
B. All living and non-living things are interconnected and interdependent with each other.
C. Human beings are stewards or trustees of the land and other natural resources.
D. Water is a source of life. It is a precious gift from the creator.

43. This is a massive undertaking in improving the country’s infrastructure, increasing energy access,
lowering costs for citizens, keeping up with economic growth, and staying within the bounds of global
agreements for climate change and sustainable growth.
A. Kyoto Protocol
B. Montreal Protocol
C. Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022
D. UNESCO Environmental Policy

44. The Philippine Science High School started its operation when President Diosdado Macapagal signed
which Republic Act?
A. Republic Act 3661
B. Republic Act 3616
C. Republic Act 3166
D. Republic Act 3666

45. According to Johnston (2000), indigenous beliefs also develop desirable values that are relevant or
consistent with scientific attitudes. Choose the correct desirable value.
A. Dedicating
B. Examining
C. Motivating
D. Practicing

46. During which presidency replaced the National Science and Technology Authority with the Department
of Science and Technology?
A. Corazon Aquino
B. Fidel V. Ramos
C. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
D. Joseph Ejercito Estrada
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47. The Philippine Development Plan has several pillars. Which pillar aimed at reducing inequality by
increasing opportunities for growth and transformation. The popularized term has been ‘inclusive
growth’?
A. Malasakit
B. Pagbabago
C. Patuloy na Pag-unlad
D. Pagsibol

48. One of the Ten Outstanding Filipino Scientists who is known for his invention of flower induction of
mango trees?
A. Angel Alcala
B. Edgardo Gomez
C. Josefino Cacas Comiso
D. Ramon Cabanos Barba

49. In the field of science education in the Philippines, several science-related programs and projects were
created to develop scientific literacy. Which is not included?
A. Philippine Science High School System
B. Science courses in the General Education curriculum
C. Special science classes
D. Special science elementary schools

50. The first Science High School established in the Philippines?

A. Central Visayan Institute Foundation
B. Manila Science High School
C. Quezon City Regional Science High School
D. Philippine Science High School Systems

51. The colonization of the Philippines contributed to the growth of science and technology in the
archipelago. Which is the prominent contribution of the Spanish colonization?
A. Galleon trade allowed both goods and ideas from the east to reach the country.
B. Higher education was centered in cities such as Manila.
C. Agriculture was given more focus by the Spaniard colonial authorities due to the prospect of big
profits.
D. Spaniards provided the Philippines with modern means of farming.

52. The University of the Philippines was established in what colonization?

A. American Colonization
B. British Colonization
C. Japanese Colonization
D. Spanish Colonization
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53. Which is/are the definition/s of technology according to Heidegger?

i. Technology is not an instrument
ii. Technology is not a product of human activity
iii. Technology is the highest danger

A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. i and iii
D. i, ii, and iii

54. Which is/are the goal/s of Spanish education in the Philippines?

i. Indoctrination of Christianity
ii. Promotion of the Spanish language
iii. Imposition of Spanish Culture

A. i and ii
B. i and iii
C. Ii and iii
D. i, ii, and iii

55. What is/are the greatest contribution/s of the Americans to the Filipinos?
i. Democracy
ii. Public School System
iii. Vocational Skills
iv. Religious Education

A. i, and ii
B. ii and iii
C. iii and iv
D. i, ii, iii, and iv

56. What is/ are the notions of Martin Heidegger about technology?
i. Technology is commonly understood as both a means to an end
ii. Instrumental characterization of technology
iii. It is a human activity
iv. An anthropological characterization of technology

A. i, ii, iii
B. ii, iii, and iv
C. i, ii, and iii
D. i, ii, iii, and iv

57. According to Bandarlipe, et al. (2019), which of the following is a characteristic of human flourishing?
A. Human flourishing involves putting into speaking one’s capacities, capabilities, and virtues.
B. Human flourishing depends on the freedom of expression.
C. Human flourishing is sustained over a limited period of time.
D. Human flourishing involves doing well in broad domains of human life.
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58. Martin Heidegger used a silver chalice to illustrate the four causes of Poiesis. Which illustration best
describes causa efficiens?
A. The chalice came about because of the silver
B. The form of the chalice
C. There is a need to use a silver chalice for some purpose, like religious traditions
D. It is commonly thought that the silversmith, the one who made the chalice

59. This refers to the revealing, or bringing something into existence that did not exist before. It is often used
to look at technology in our modern, technological world.
A. Aletheia
B. Genesis
C. Originos
D. Poiesis

60. Martin Heidegger discussed the four causes and the concept of Poiesis. Which cause refers to the purpose
of the thing?
A. Causa materialis
B. Causa formalis
C. Causa finalis
D. Causa efficiens

61. Teacher Carlos Yulo described science using movies like Narnia and Lord of the Rings. Which view of
Lewis does the teacher adhere to?
A. Credulous
B. Power
C. Religious
D. Scientism

62. In the Magician’s Twin by C.S Lewis, he said, “If my own mind is a product of the irrational, how shall
I trust my mind when it tells me about evolution?” This statement refers to which relationship of science
and magic?
A. Credulity
B. Power
C. Religion
D. Scientism

63. Much of science is devoted to power over nature. Unlike magic, you actually can control people with
science. Eugenics, drone aircraft, bar codes, transhumanism, and surveillance cameras are some of the
many technologies that have downsides. These statements reflect which relationship of science and
magic?
A. Credulity
B. Power
C. Religion
D. Scientism
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64. Which work deals with the nature of moral life and human happiness based on the unique essence of
human nature?
A. Eudemian Ethics
B. Nicomachean Ethics
C. Aristotelian works
D. Concept of eudaimonia

65. What is the most common translation of the Greek word arete, and is occasionally translated as
“excellence.” This is a disposition to behave in the right manner and as a mean between extremes of
deficiency and excess.
A. Attitude
B. Ethics
C. Moral Values
D. Virtue

66. This kind of virtue is learned by instruction just like when a musician learns to play an instrument.
A. Attitude
B. Intellectual
C. Moral
D. Values

67. In the list of virtues and vices in the Nichomachean Ethics, one of the characters mentioned is fear and
confidence. What is the excess of fear and confidence?
A. Cowardliness
B. Intemperance
C. Rashness
D. Cowardliness and rashness

68. Which of the following statements is not true about virtues and vices?
A. Everyone seeks pleasure and avoids pain from infancy onward
B. Vice and virtue are contrary and opposing states to each other
C. Virtue will not eliminate the feelings of pleasure and pain
D. People will take pleasure in doing the right thing, as long as they are included in vices.

69. According to Aristotle, what is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human
existence?
A. Good Life
B. Happiness
C. Morality
D. Virtues

70. All but one is correct about Eudaimonia according to Aristotle?

A. Happiness is regarded as the ultimate good.
B. The happy person is the one who has cultivated virtuous habits of thinking and acting.
C. Eudemonia is just a pleasant life and good one filled with virtue
D. The good life is one in which we fulfil our potential as human beings
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1. It refers to a system of acquiring knowledge which uses observation and experimentation.

A. Education
B. Mathematics
C. Science
D. Social studies

2. How do we define technology as a TOOL?

A. It makes man’s activities faster and easier.
B. It is a way of doing things.
C. I make man’s life comfortable.
D. It is what we used in our daily lives.

3. The branch of science which refers to the study of people, culture, and society?
A. Natural Science
B. Social Science
C. Applied Science
D. physical science

4. It refers to a knowledge that uses concepts and skills from other disciplines and the application of this
knowledge to meet an identified need or to solve a specific problem using materials, energy, and tools.
A. science
B. scientia
C. technology
D. techne

5. Where does the word technology comes from?

A. Latin words ‘techne’ and ‘logia’
B. Greek words ‘techne’ and logia’
C. Spanish words ‘techne’ and logia’
D. German words ‘techne’ and logia’

6. All are positive contributions of science and technology to the society in the field of the environment
except one. Identify the negative contribution.
A. science and technology made machines that helps maintain cleanliness.
B. science and technology produced statistics regarding the state of the environment.
C. science and technology depleted the natural resources.
D. science and technology help identify severity of pollutions.

7. What word is far related from the term “Science and Technology.”
A. Machines
B. complex
C. religion
D. education

8. He considered science as a discovery of regularity in nature, enough for natural phenomena to be described
by the principles and law.
A. Mark Zuckerberg
B. Aristotle
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C. John Heilbron
D. John J. Reilly

9. What was the concern of ancient people why mass production began?
A. transportation
B. food security
C. Engineering and architecture
D. communication

10. In this period, civilizations were allowed to flourish by finding better ways of communication,
transportation, self-organization, and of living in general.
A. Ancient period
B. Middle Ages
C. Modern ages
D. Renaissance

11. Between the collapse of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and the colonial expansion of Western
Europe in the late 15th century AD, major advances in scientific and technological development took
place in this period.
A. Ancient period
B. Middle Ages
C. Modern ages
D. Renaissance

12. The ancient tools used by the early men were mainly for the purpose of?
A. Mass production of textiles
B. Hunting and farming
C. Mass production of artillery
D. Air and sea transportation

13. In this period, industrialization took place with greater risks in human health, food safety and environment
which had to be addressed as scientific and technological progress unfolded at an unimaginable speed.
A. Ancient period
B. Middle Ages
C. Modern ages
D. Renaissance

14. This was designed to be environment-friendly, eliminating noise and air pollution because they run on
electricity.
A. E-Jeepney
B. bicycle
C. Car
D. Bus
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15. Who is the world-renowned Filipino pediatrician and was credited for the invention of medical incubator?
A. Abelardo Aguilar
B. Fe del Mundo
C. Rolando dela Cruz
D. Maria Orosa

16. Who was credited for the invention of a local mole remover that made use of extract of cashew nuts which
are very common in the Philippines?
A. Abelardo Aguilar
B. Fe del Mundo
C. Rolando dela Cruz
D. Maria Orosa

17. It reveals how society was transformed by science and technology for it has a lot of improvements in
astronomy, chemistry, mathematics and physics and refers to series of events that led to the emergence of
modern science and more current scientific thinking across critical periods in history.
A. Copernican Revolution
B. Darwinian Revolution
C. Freudian Revolution
D. Intellectual Revolution

18. According to ____________, the Sun is at the center of the Solar System.
A. Charles Darwin
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Nicolaus Copernicus
D. Ivan Pavlov

19. He introduced the heliocentric model, removed Earth from the center of the universe, set the heavenly
bodies in rotation around the Sun, and introduced Earth's daily rotation on its axis.
A. Charles Darwin
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Nicolaus Copernicus
D. B.F. Skinner

20. During Spanish colonization, the Spanish colonizers changed the way that the Filipino society works.
They used of _________ in consolidating scattered communities into larger and fewer communities within
hearing distance of church bells and adopted how Filipinos rule.
A. Reduccion
B. Indigenous science
C. Galleon trade
D. Redusion
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21. He theorized that species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small inherited
variations that increase individual’s ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.
A. Nicolaus Copernicus
B. Charles Darwin
C. Sigmund Freud
D. Edward Thorndike

22. Model in which described the cosmos as having Earth stationary at the center of the universe.
A. Heliocenter Model
B. Geocentric theory
C. Ptolemaic Model
D. Heliocentric Model

23. This is one of the three (3) pillars of Philippine Development Plan that refers to the goal to regain people’s
trust in public institutions and each other. This aim to promote awareness of anti-corruption measures,
invigorate the public sector, increased access to legal aid, and promoting culture sensitive governance.
A. Pagbabago
B. Patuloy na Pag-unlad
C. Malasakit
D. Pag-unlad

24. He is the founder of psychoanalysis which, personalities arise because of attempts to resolve conflicts
between unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses and societal demands to restrain these impulses.
A. Charles Darwin
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Nicolaus Copernicus
D. J.B. Watsons

25. This is one of the three (3) pillars of Philippine Development Plan that refers to the Philippines have seen
massive growth in the past decade or so through their change from an agricultural economy to industry
and manufacturing focused powerhouse. Which focuses on the economic growth.
A. Pagbabago
B. Patuloy na Pag-unlad
C. Malasakit
D. Pag-unlad

26. He developed a process that caused the flowering and fruiting of mango trees three times a year, instead
on once a year, so dramatically improving yields.
A. Gregorio Zara
B. Gavino C. Trono
C. Ramon Barba
D. Angel Alcala

27. This is one of the three (3) pillars of Philippine Development Plan that refers to the popularized term has
been ‘inclusive growth’. Universal social protection, basic education, and other social services will be
improved upon while also raising the country’s status in the global market for more opportunities.
A. Pagbabago
B. Patuloy na Pag-unlad
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C. Malasakit
D. Pag-unlad

28. He identified and described 25 new species of marine benthic algae and successfully implemented 45
research projects, which resulted in the publication of 142 scientific papers. He established the largest
phycological herbarium in the country.
A. Angel Alcala
B. Gavino Trono
C. Ramon Barba
D. Edgardo Gomez

29. He is called the Father of Philippine Science and Laboratory", He invented the formula for producing a
pure kind of alcohol from tuba in a nipa palm. Which formula won for the first prize during the World
Fair in Paris, France in 1881.
A. Angel Alcala
B. Gavino Trono
C. Anacleto Del Rosario
D. Ramon Barba

30. He served as a pioneer scientist and advocate in the protection of coral reefs leading to a national policy
and program that established the no-take marine reserves, a specific type of marine protected area (MPA)
set aside by the government where no extractive activity is allowed.
A. Angel Alcala
B. Gavino Trono
C. Ramon Barba
D. Juan Salcedo

31. The mango induction technology was patented not only in the Philippines but also in other countries, such
as USA, England, Australia and New Zealand. However, he did not collect any royalty from the patent so
that ordinary farmers can freely use the technology.
A. Angel Alcala
B. Gavino Trono
C. Ramon barba
D. Anacleto Del Rosario

32. He claimed to be the inventor of Quink ink used by The Parker Pen Company.
A. Gregorio Y. Zara
B. Francisco Quisumbing
C. Manuel S. Guerrero
D. Juan Salcedo

33. The anthropological definition of technology as given by Heidegger.

A. The production and invention of technological equipment, tools and machines are considered human
activities.
B. Technology is a tool available to individuals and groups that desire to make an impact to society
C. Technology is a means on getting things done in a short period of time
D. All of these definition are correct.
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34. Defines as the activity where a person brings something into being that has no existence before.
A. Poeisis
B. Causa finalis
C. Causa materialis
D. Causa effficiens

35.
I. Causa materialis – porcelain
II. Causa formalis – a vessel for food
III. Causa finalis – round
IV. Causa efficiens – baker
V. Causa materialis – clay
VI. causa formalis – circle
VII. causa finalis – a vessel to heat food in a microwave
VIII. causa efficiens – potter

Which from the above causes are the correct data for the picture provided.
A. I, II, III, IV
B. V, VI, VII, VIII
C. I, IV, VII, VIII
D. None from the given choices

36.
I. The danger of technology does not lies on how human makes use of the technology.
II. The true essence of technology is revealed by its kind.

A. Both statements are incorrect

B. Both statements are correct
C. Only a is correct
D. Only b is correct

37. It describes the instrumental definition of technology

A. Technology is a means to an end
B. Technology is a human activity
C. Technology focuses on achieving and producing a material for human consumption
D. None of these.

38. Which from the following is defined correctly?

A. Aletheia: disclosure or truth
B. Episteme: poiesis
C. Techne: bringing forth
D. Enframing: danger of misconstruction
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39. What is the main objective of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations according to the
article entitled “Forget developing poor countries, it’s time to de-develop rich countries” by Jason Hickel?
A. Increase food production by 2030
B. Eradicate poverty by 2030
C. Eliminate poor countries by 2030
D. Increase employment by 2030

40. In the article written by Jason Hickel, according to the majority of people in middle-and high-income
countries, what puts the planet and society at risk?
A. Overpopulation
B. Climate Change
C. Overconsumption
D. Overproduction

41. According to Robert and Edward Skidelsky, the following are some possible interventions that could be
done to improve lives EXCEPT.
A. banning advertising
B. a shorter working week
C. a basic income
D. a luxury vacation

42. According to Hickel’s article, what must be done instead of urging poor countries to “catch up” with rich
ones?
A. Think of ways to get rich countries to catch down to more appropriate levels of development.
B. Make ways to get poor countries compete with rich countries.
C. Create strategies like producing robot so that poor countries will become progressive.
D. Negotiate with rich countries to share some of their resources.

43. The idea of a “steady – state economics except

A. geared towards quantity instead of quality
B. geared towards quality instead of quantity
C. one that is more sophisticated than just accumulating ever increasing amounts of stuffs
D. all choices are correct

44. Which of the following statements is true?

A. We can ignore the laws of nature
B. Huge consumption equates to long and happy lives
C. Jason Hickel believes that its time to ‘de-develop’ rich countries and forget ‘developing’ rich countries
D. All statements are true
45. __________ is what defines the good life.
A. pleasure
B. intellectual virtue
C. eudaimonia
D. fame and honor

46. Which is referring to the constant practice of the good?

A. Happiness
B. Moral Virtue
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C. Honor
D. Discipline

47. It is widely believed that the Nichomachean Ethics was named after ____________.
A. the author’s birthplace
B. one of the author’s son
C. one of the author’s daughter
D. the author’s spouse

48. Which of the following, according to Aristotle, is the highest pursuit in life?
A. The pursuit of pleasure
B. The pursuit of honors
C. The pursuit of rational contemplation
D. All of the above

49. Which among the following statements is NOT true?

A. Virtue makes one function well.
B. Happiness is only possible by living a life of virtue.
C. Virtue or character is cultivated with habitual practice.
D. Wisdom and understanding are moral virtues.

50. Which of the following best describes the life of a virtuous person?
A. The person engages in virtuous activity and finds that activity pleasant.
B. The person engages in virtuous activity just because it is good.
C. The person engages in virtuous activity but has to force him/her to do it.
D. The person engages in virtuous activity because it pays off.
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1. Which of the following statement/s DOES / DO NOT describe the nature of Science?
A. Occurrence of tides is due to the gravitational pull of the moon to the Earth.
B. The development and production of COVID-19 vaccines is a collaboration of various scientists around
the world.
C. Scientists do not follow ethical principles in the conduct of science, as long as it will contribute to
scientific development.
D. Scientific evidence and logic is always a requirement in any scientific explanation.

2. Which of the ff statements about technology is CORRECT?

A. It came from the Latin word “techne” which means, “art, skill or cunning of hand”.
B. It involves the development and use of materials, tools and approaches with a primary aim to
complicate human needs and desires.
C. It a way of knowing and is also a process of exploration and experimentation.
D. It has provided more risks rather than benefit to humankind.

3. It was during this time that different illnesses and diseases, both natural and manmade, hampered the full
potential of human being, thus science and technology played a major role in the discovery of cures.
A. Ancient Period
B. Medieval Period
C. Modern Period
D. Cannot be determined.

4. What common denominator could be observed from the intellectual revolution recorded in history of
humanity?
A. It is a period where paradigm shifts occurred.
B. Beliefs widely accepted and embraced by people were challenged and opposed.
C. Advancements of science and technology changed people’s perception and beliefs.
D. All of the above.

5. ______________ fitness was the fitness referred by Darwin for natural selection.
A. Reproductive
B. Social
C. Survival
D. Physical

6. Based on Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, as you are reading the examination test, you are in your?
A. Conscious
B. Preconscious
C. Unconscious
D. Subconscious

7. The Marcos Administration just recently released the country’s overall blueprint in development planning
for the next six years, known as the Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028. Which of the ff briefly
describes the overall goal of PDP 2023-2028?
A. To enable Filipinos to attain a matatag, maginhawa at panatag na buhay.
B. To reinvigorate job creation and accelerate poverty reduction for a prosperous, inclusive and resilient
society.
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C. To pursue rapid and sustainable economic growth and development, improve the quality of life of the
Flipino, empower the poor and marginalized and enhance our social cohesion as a nation.
D. None of the choices.

8. The Vitex negundo or popularly known as the lagundi is an herb traditionally used in folk medicine for
relief of cough and common colds. Who is the well-known Filipino scientist who developed a
phytochemical study on lagundi research which led to the production of lagundi medicines?
A. Fabian Millar Dayrit
B. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz
C. Lilian Formalejo Patena
D. Ramon Cabanos Barba

9. According to Johnston, indigenous belief develop the ff desirable values , EXCEPT:

A. Motivating attitudes
B. Cooperating attitudes
C. Practical attitudes
D. Questioning attitudes

10. It is a DOST project which is described as the brain gain initiative of the Philippine government to
encourage Filipino scientists, technologists and experts to return to the Philippines and share their
expertise in order to promote scientific, agri-industrial and economic development, including the
development of the country’s human capital in science, technology and innovation.
A. Balik Scientist Program
B. BalikBayan Program
C. Balik Alindog Program
D. Balik Eksperto Program

11. What is the main goal of science, technology, and society (STS) studies?
A. To explore the impact of science and technology on society
B. To promote the development of new technologies
C. To advance scientific knowledge
D. To examine the historical context of scientific discoveries

12. What is the process of designing and carrying out experiments to test scientific hypotheses?
A. Theory
B. Experimentation
C. Observation
D. Hypothesis testing

13. Which of the following is an example of a social institution related to science?

A. A scientific laboratory
B. A science museum
C. A scientific journal
D. A scientific society
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14. Which of the following is not an element of the Science, Technology and Society (STS) approach?
A. Social context
B. Historical context
C. Political context
D. Scientific context

15. The term "technological determinism" refers to which of the following ideas?
A. Technology is a neutral tool that can be used for good or bad.
B. Technology is the primary driving force of social change.
C. Technology is shaped by social and cultural factors.
D. Technology is irrelevant to society.

16. Which of the following best describes the relationship between science and technology?
A. Science drives technological development.
B. Technology drives scientific discovery.
C. Science and technology are independent of each other.
D. Science and technology are mutually reinforcing.

17. The concept of "social construction of technology" refers to which of the following ideas?
A. Technology is a neutral tool that can be used for good or bad.
B. Technology is the primary driving force of social change.
C. Technology is shaped by social and cultural factors.
D. Technology is irrelevant to society.

18. Which ancient civilization is known for their advancements in mathematics and astronomy?
A. Roman Empire
B. Greek Empire
C. Egyptian Empire
D. Babylonian Empire

19. Who is credited with inventing the first printing press in Europe?
A. Johannes Gutenberg
B. Leonardo da Vinci
C. William Caxton
D. Benjamin Franklin

20. Who is credited with discovering the structure of DNA?

A. James Watson and Francis Crick
B. Rosalind Franklin
C. Linus Pauling
D. Maurice Wilkins

21. Who developed the first successful airplane?

A. Orville and Wilbur Wright
B. Samuel Langley
C. Otto Lilienthal
D. Glenn Curtiss
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22. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of early civilizations?

A. Writing systems
B. Complex social hierarchies
C. Urban centers
D. Democracy

23. What is the significance of the Code of Hammurabi?

A. It established the first democratic government in ancient civilization.
B. It was the first law code that applied to everyone equally, regardless of social class.
C. It emphasized the importance of individual rights and freedoms.
D. It provided a comprehensive set of laws and punishments to govern Babylonian society

24. The agricultural revolution played a key role in the development of civilizations because it allowed
humans to:
A. Build complex religious institutions
B. Develop systems of trade and commerce
C. Build monumental architecture
D. Create surplus food and support larger populations

25. Which of the following statements about the ancient Greeks is true?
A. They developed the first writing system in the Western world.
B. They were known for their extensive system of trade and commerce.
C. They made significant advances in the fields of philosophy, mathematics, and science.
D. They were the first civilization to establish a global empire.

26. How did the Roman Empire contribute to the development of Western civilization?
A. They developed a complex system of government that included elements of democracy and autocracy.
B. They developed the first universities and established a system of higher education.
C. They developed the first printing press and revolutionized the dissemination of information.
D. They developed a legal system that emphasized the importance of individual rights and the rule of law.

27. How did the Renaissance contribute to the development of Western civilization?
A. It led to the development of new technologies, such as the printing press and the telescope.
B. It emphasized the importance of individualism, humanism, and rational thought.
C. It promoted the idea of collective responsibility and social welfare.
D. It led to the formation of new religious sects and the spread of Protestantism.

28. The Copernican Revolution challenged which widely held belief?

A. The Earth was the center of the universe
B. The Sun was the center of the universe
C. The Moon was the center of the universe
D. The stars were the center of the universe
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29. Which of the following is a key aspect of the Darwinian Revolution?

A. The idea that the universe is heliocentric
B. The theory of natural selection
C. The development of the scientific method
D. The discovery of penicillin

30. What is the significance of the Darwinian Revolution?

A. It challenged traditional beliefs about the origins of life
B. It led to the discovery of new scientific principles
C. It had little impact on the field of science
D. It was a religious movement, not a scientific one

31. Which of the following best describes the Copernican Revolution?

A. It challenged traditional beliefs about the origins of life
B. It challenged traditional beliefs about the structure of the universe
C. It led to the discovery of new scientific principles
D. It was a religious movement, not a scientific one

32. The Freudian Revolution challenged which widely held belief?

A. The Earth was the center of the universe
B. The mind was a purely rational entity
C. The Sun was the center of the universe
D. The body and mind were separate entities

33. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the Copernican, Darwinian, and Freudian
Revolutions?
A. They were unrelated and had no impact on each other
B. They were all religious movements that challenged traditional beliefs
C. They all challenged traditional beliefs in their respective fields and led to significant scientific
advancements
D. They all had a negative impact on society and were later discredited

34. Which of the following is a key aspect of nation building through science and technology?
A. Increasing the use of traditional technologies
B. Promoting the use of foreign technologies
C. Developing and utilizing new technologies
D. Limiting technological advancements

35. What is the primary goal of nation building through science and technology?
A. To improve the quality of life for citizens
B. To increase economic growth and development
C. To achieve military superiority
D. To promote global domination
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36. Which of the following is a potential challenge to nation building through science and technology?
A. Limited funding and resources
B. Lack of qualified scientists and engineers
C. Difficulty in adapting to new technologies
D. All of the above

37. Which of the following best describes the role of the government in nation building through science and
technology?
A. The government should be solely responsible for developing new technologies
B. The government should provide funding and support for scientific research and technological
development
C. The government should leave scientific and technological development to the private sector
D. The government should restrict the use of technology in order to preserve traditional values and practices

38. What is the significance of science and technology in promoting social progress and development?
A. Science and technology are the sole drivers of social progress and development
B. Science and technology play a crucial role in social progress and development
C. Science and technology have little impact on social progress and development
D. Science and technology hinder social progress and development

39. Which of the following best describes the relationship between science and technology in nation building?
A. Science and technology are synonymous
B. Science drives technological development
C. Technology drives scientific discovery
D. Science and technology are interdependent and support each other

40. Which of the following best describes the relationship between technology and economic growth?
A. Technology has little impact on economic growth
B. Technology is a driver of economic growth
C. Technology is a hindrance to economic growth
D. Technology is irrelevant to economic growth

41. What is the significance of indigenous knowledge in nation building through science and technology?
A. Indigenous knowledge is irrelevant in modern society
B. Indigenous knowledge can be incorporated into scientific research and technological development
C. Indigenous knowledge hinders scientific research and technological development
D. Indigenous knowledge is incompatible with modern technologies

42. What is the role of research and development in science and technology?
A. To make scientific discoveries
B. To create new knowledge and develop innovative products and solutions
C. To conduct experiments and gather data
D. To create new products and services that meet consumer needs and preferences

43. What is the role of science and technology in addressing global challenges such as climate change?
A. To provide new solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and developing sustainable technologies
and practices
B. To provide healthcare to those in need
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C. To promote economic growth in developing countries

D. To protect the creators and owners of new ideas, inventions, and products

44. How can education and training support the development of science and technology?
A. By providing individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to innovate and create new products and
solutions
B. By promoting entrepreneurship and helping individuals and communities adapt to the changing demands
of the global economy
C. Both a and b
D. None of the choices

45. What is the Heideggerian view of technology?

A. Technology is neutral and its impact depends on how it is used
B. Technology is a means to an end and its impact is always positive
C. Technology is a way of revealing the world and its impact is always negative
D. Technology is a way of revealing the world and its impact depends on how it is used

46. What is the definition of "technology as a way of revealing"?

A. Technology is a tool for revealing the inner workings of human society.
B. Technology is a tool for revealing the natural world.
C. Technology is a tool for revealing hidden assumptions and values in society.
D. Technology is neutral and its impact depends on how it is used

47. Which of the following is an example of how technology can reveal hidden assumptions and values in
society?
A. Social media algorithms that reinforce existing biases.
B. Artificial intelligence that automates jobs and creates new economic opportunities.
C. Self-driving cars that improve safety and reduce traffic congestion.
D. None of the choices

48. What is the impact of technology on our understanding of reality?

A. Technology provides an objective view of reality.
B. Technology shapes and influences our perceptions of reality.
C. Technology has no impact on our understanding of reality.
D. None of the choices

49. What is the impact of technology on our sense of identity?

A. Technology has no impact on our sense of identity.
B. Technology reinforces and shapes our sense of identity.
C. Technology undermines our sense of identity.
D. None of the choices

50. Which of the following is a key component of the human development index?
A. Gross domestic product (GDP)
B. Life expectancy
C. Technological innovation
D. Political stability
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51. What is the meaning of the term "technology transfer"?

A. The transfer of technology from developed countries to developing countries
B. The transfer of technology from developing countries to developed countries
C. The transfer of technology between different industries within a country
D. The transfer of technology between different countries within a region

52. What is the meaning of the term "sustainable development"?

A. Development that is focused solely on economic growth
B. Development that is focused solely on social equality
C. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs
D. Development that is focused solely on technological innovation

53. What is the main focus of the capability approach?

A. Maximizing economic growth
B. Maximizing individual freedom and well-being
C. Maximizing technological innovation
D. Maximizing social equality

54. What is the meaning of the term "resilience"?

A. The ability to adapt to changing circumstances and recover from adversity
B. The ability to resist change and maintain the status quo
C. The ability to overcome obstacles and achieve success
D. The ability to innovate and create new technologies

55. According to Heidegger, what is the danger of technology?

A. Technology will lead to the destruction of nature
B. Technology will lead to the loss of human agency and freedom
C. Technology will lead to the devaluation of human life
D. Technology will lead to the loss of meaning and truth

56. Which of the following best describes Heidegger's view of the relationship between technology and human
existence?
A. Technology is essential to human existence
B. Technology is a threat to human existence
C. Technology is neutral in relation to human existence
D. Technology has the potential to enhance or detract from human existence

57. Which of the following is a characteristic of the good life, as defined by Aristotle?
A. Wealth and material possessions
B. Virtue and personal fulfillment
C. Power and influence
D. Fame and popularity

58. What is the main goal of positive psychology?

A. To help individuals cope with mental illness
B. To help individuals achieve greater material success
C. To help individuals find meaning and purpose in life
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D. To help individuals attain greater social status

59. Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?

A. Studying for a test to get a good grade
B. Volunteering at a charity event to impress others
C. Playing a musical instrument for personal enjoyment
D. Going to work to earn a paycheck

60. What is flow?

A. A state of consciousness in which individuals are completely absorbed in an activity
B. A state of consciousness in which individuals are completely disconnected from the world around them
C. A state of consciousness in which individuals are focused on their own thoughts and feelings
D. A state of consciousness in which individuals experience vivid and intense sensory perceptions

61. What is mindfulness?

A. The state of being completely absorbed in an activity
B. The state of being aware of one's thoughts and emotions in the present moment
C. The state of being completely disconnected from the world around you
D. The state of being intensely focused on sensory perceptions
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1. Which of the following is an example of technology as a way of revealing?

a. A microscope revealing the intricate details of a cell
b. A hammer revealing the strength of a person
c. A pen revealing the emotions of a writer
d. A paintbrush revealing the beauty of nature

2. Which technology allows us to see the inner workings of the brain?

a. X-ray
b. MRI
c. Ultrasound
d. ECG

3. Which technology has revolutionized the way we communicate with each other?
a. Television
b. Telephone
c. Telegraph
d. Radio

4. Which of the following is an example of a wearable technology?

a. Television
b. Telephone
c. Smartwatch
d. Laptop

5. Which technology is used to create 3D models of objects?

a. Laser scanning
b. X-ray
c. MRI
d. Ultrasound

6. Which technology allows us to store large amounts of data?

a. Hard disk drive
b. CD-ROM
c. Floppy disk
d. USB flash drive

7. Which technology is used to create virtual reality experiences?

a. Augmented reality
b. Virtual reality
c. Mixed reality
d. Extended reality

8. Which technology allows us to make transactions without physical cash?

a. Credit card
b. Debit card
c. Mobile payment
d. Cash
9. Which technology is used to identify individuals based on physical characteristics?
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a. Biometric authentication
b. Password authentication
c. PIN authentication
d. Two-factor authentication

10. Which technology is used to convert text into speech?

a. Optical character recognition
b. Speech recognition
c. Text-to-speech
d. Speech-to-text

11. Which of the following is the component of the psyche that operates on the reality principle?
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) None of the above

12. Which component of the psyche is responsible for our unconscious, instinctual drives?
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) None of the above

13. According to Freud's theory, which component of the psyche represents our internalized moral values?
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) None of the above

14. Which of the following is the component of the psyche that operates on the pleasure principle?
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) None of the above

15. According to Freud's theory, which component of the psyche is developed in childhood through
socialization and cultural values?
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) None of the above

16. What is the belief that the Earth is at the center of the universe called?
a. Heliocentrism
b. Geocentrism
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c. Copernicanism
d. Ptolemaism

17. Who was the first astronomer to propose the heliocentric model of the solar system?
a. Aristotle
b. Galileo
c. Copernicus
d. Ptolemy

18. What is the belief that the Sun is at the center of the solar system called?
a. Geocentrism
b. Heliocentrism
c. Copernicanism
d. Ptolemaism

19. Who provided evidence for heliocentrism using observations of the phases of Venus?
a. Aristotle
b. Galileo
c. Copernicus
d. Ptolemy

20. What is the name of the astronomer who created a complex geocentric model of the universe that
explained the apparent retrograde motion of planets?
a. Aristotle
b. Galileo
c. Copernicus
d. Ptolemy

21. What did Aristotle consider to be the ultimate goal of human life?
a. Wealth
b. Fame
c. Happiness
d. Power

22. According to Aristotle, what is the highest human virtue?

a. Courage
b. Wisdom
c. Justice
d. Love

23. What is the term used by Aristotle to describe the balance between excess and deficiency in behavior?
a. Equilibrium
b. Temperance
c. Virtue
d. Ethics
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24. According to Aristotle, what is necessary for achieving the good life?
a. Wealth
b. Education
c. Pleasure
d. Virtuous action

25. What is the term used by Aristotle to describe the concept of living a life of excellence and fulfillment?
a. Eudaimonia
b. Epistemology
c. Ontology
d. Teleology

26. What is the role of virtues in achieving the good life?

A. Virtues are irrelevant to the good life
B. Virtues are necessary but not sufficient for the good life
C. Virtues are sufficient but not necessary for the good life
D. Virtues are both necessary and sufficient for the good life

16. According to Aristotle, what is the relationship between pleasure and the good life?
A. Pleasure is the ultimate goal of the good life
B. Pleasure is irrelevant to the good life
C. Pleasure is necessary but not sufficient for the good life
D. Pleasure is a byproduct of living a virtuous life and pursuing noble goals, but it should not be the
ultimate goal

17. According to Aristotle, what is the relationship between pleasure and the good life?
A. Pleasure is the ultimate goal of the good life
B. Pleasure is irrelevant to the good life
C. Pleasure is necessary but not sufficient for the good life
D. Pleasure is a byproduct of living a virtuous life and pursuing noble goals, but it should not be the
ultimate goal

18. What is Aristotle's definition of the good life?

A. A life of pleasure and indulgence
B. A life of honor and fame
C. A life of contemplation and wisdom
D. A life of material wealth and possessions

19. What is Aristotle's concept of eudaimonia?

A. The pursuit of material wealth
B. The pursuit of pleasure
C. The pursuit of honor and fame
D. The pursuit of human flourishing and well-being
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20. Which ancient civilization developed an elaborate system of irrigation and agriculture that relied on the use
of canals and dams?
A. Ancient Greece
B. Ancient Egypt
C. Ancient Rome
D. Ancient China

21.Who is credited with inventing the printing press in the mid-15th century, revolutionizing the spread of
knowledge and ideas?
A. Johannes Kepler
B. Galileo Galilei
C. Leonardo da Vinci
D. Johannes Gutenberg

22. Which ancient civilization is credited with inventing paper, the compass, and gunpowder?
A. Ancient Greece
B. Ancient Rome
C. Ancient Egypt
D. Ancient China

23. Who is credited with inventing the telephone in the late 19th century?
A. Alexander Graham Bell
B. Thomas Edison
C. Guglielmo Marconi
D. Samuel Morse

24. What ancient civilization is credited with developing the concept of zero in mathematics?
A. Ancient Greece
B. Ancient Rome
C. Ancient Egypt
D. Ancient India

25. Which ancient civilization developed an extensive system of roads and aqueducts that allowed for efficient
transportation and distribution of water?
A. Ancient Greece
B. Ancient Rome
C. Ancient Egypt
D. Ancient China

26. Which ancient civilization is credited with developing the first known system of writing on clay tablets?
A. Ancient Greece
B. Ancient Rome
C. Ancient Egypt
D. Sumerian Civilization
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27. Who is known for discovering the double helix structure of DNA, which revolutionized the field of
genetics?
A. James Watson
B. Francis Crick
C. Rosalind Franklin
D. Maurice Wilkins

28. What was the main contribution of the ancient Greek civilization to the field of mathematics?
A. Development of the decimal system
B. Invention of the wheel
C. Creation of the first calendar
D. Development of geometry

29. Which ancient civilization is credited with inventing the wheel, one of the most important technological
innovations in history?
A. Ancient Greece
B. Ancient Rome
C. Ancient Egypt
D. Sumerian civilization

30. What is the name of the Philippine agency responsible for promoting science and technology in the country?
A. DOST
B. DOH
C. DOT
D. DILG

31. What is the name of the first Filipino scientist who was also known as the "Father of Philippine Inventors"?
A. Jose Rizal
B. Benjamin Almeda
C. Gregorio Zara
D. Fe Del Mundo

33. What is the name of the Philippine government program that aims to promote the development of the
country's agriculture and fisheries sector through the use of science and technology?
A. PhilRice
B. PhilHealth
C. PhilMech
D. PhilSci

34. What is the name of the Philippine agency responsible for ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs,
vaccines, and other medical products?
A. DOST
B. DOH
C. FDA
D. DILG
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35. What is the name of the Philippine agency responsible for regulating and promoting the use of renewable
energy sources in the country?
A. DOE
B. DENR
C. DOST
D. DOH

36. What is the name of the Philippine government program that aims to provide free Wi-Fi access to public
places across the country?
A. FreeNet
B. Wi-Fi Nation
C. Internet para sa Bayan
D. Connect Philippines

37. What is the name of the Philippine satellite launched in 2016 that aims to provide better communication
services, disaster management, and national security?
A. Diwata-1
B. Maya-1
C. Agila-1
D. PhilSat-1

38. What is the name of the Philippine agency responsible for promoting and regulating the use of nuclear
energy in the country?
A. DOST
B. PNRI
C. DOE
D. DENR

39. What is the name of the Philippine government program that aims to provide financial assistance to startups
and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engaged in research and development?
A. SETUP
B. CREST
C. SBIR
D. STTR

40. What is the name of the Philippine government agency responsible for promoting the development of the
country's information and communications technology (ICT) industry?
A. DOST
B. DOT
C. ICTO
D. DICT

41. What is the relationship between science and technology in STS?

A. Science is the basis for all technology
B. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge
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C. Science and technology are separate fields

D. Technology is the source of all scientific discovery

42. What is the primary focus of the field of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?
A. The impact of technology on society
B. The impact of society on technology
C. The impact of science on technology
D. The impact of technology on science

43. Which of the following best defines the field of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?
A. A discipline that studies the interactions between science, technology, and society
B. A field that studies the effects of science and technology on society
C. A discipline that studies the history of science and technology
D. A field that studies the technical aspects of science and technology

44. What is the acronym for Science, Technology, and Society?

A. STS
B. STEM
C. STEAM
D. SES

45. What are some key social, cultural, and political factors that influence the development and use of
technology?
A. Economic interests, gender, and ethnicity
B. Scientific knowledge, consumer demand, and legal regulation
C. Environmental concerns, military priorities, and cultural values
D. All of the above

46. How might an STS scholar analyze the ways in which scientific knowledge is produced and disseminated?
A. By examining the funding sources of scientific research
B. By analyzing the peer-review process for scientific publications
C. By conducting interviews with scientists to understand their research practices
D. All of the above
47. Which of the following is an ethical dilemma related to the study of STS?
a. How to develop renewable energy sources without harming the environment
b. How to improve healthcare access in low-income communities
c. How to regulate social media platforms to prevent hate speech
d. How to increase global food production to feed a growing population
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48. Which of the following is an example of a successful application of STS principles to address a societal
problem?
a. The implementation of the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (Evaluating)
b. The development of genetically modified crops to increase agricultural yields
c. The construction of the Hoover Dam to generate hydroelectric power
d. The invention of the smartphone to improve communication

49. What are some of the ethical considerations involved in the development and use of artificial intelligence?
a. Privacy, bias, and discrimination
b. Economic inequality, political corruption, and environmental damage
c. Intellectual property, patents, and trademarks
d. Advertising, marketing, and consumer behavior

50. What are some of the potential benefits and drawbacks of genetic engineering?
a. Increased crop yields, disease resistance, and improved healthcare
b. Genetic discrimination, eugenics, and loss of biodiversity
c. Greater understanding of human evolution, enhanced cognitive abilities, and longer lifespans
d. Increased reliance on technology, reduced social and cultural diversity, and ethical dilemmas
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1. Which civilization is known for their advances in astronomy, mathematics, and medicine? (Knowledge)
a. Aztecs
b. Greeks
c. Mayans
d. Egyptians

2. Who is credited with inventing the printing press? (Knowledge

a. Johannes Kepler
b. Galileo Galilei
c. Isaac Newton
d. Johannes Gutenberg

3. Which ancient civilization is known for their development of a system of writing known as
hieroglyphics? (Knowledge)
a. Egyptians
b. Greeks
c. Romans
d. Persians

4. What was the name of the first successful artificial satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union in
1957? 1 (Knowledge)
a. Explorer 1
b. Sputnik 1
c. Vanguard 1
d. Telstar 1

5. Who is considered the father of modern physics? (Comprehension)

a. Albert Einstein
b. Isaac Newton
c. Galileo Galilei
d. Aristotle

6. Which ancient civilization developed a system of numerals that we still use today? (Knowledge)
a. Greeks
b. Egyptians
c. Chinese
d. Babylonians

7. What was the name of the first successful mission to land humans on the moon? Apollo 11 (Knowledge)
a. Apollo 1
b. Apollo 8
c. Apollo 11
d. Apollo 13

8. Which ancient civilization is known for their development of a complex system of aqueducts to
transport water? (Knowledge)
a. Greeks
b. Romans
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c. Egyptians
d. Mayans

9. Who is credited with developing the first telephone? (Knowledge)

a. Alexander Graham Bell
b. Thomas Edison
c. Samuel Morse
d. James Watt

10. Who was propose the heliocentric model of the solar system, with the sun at the center?
a. Galileo Galilei
b. Isaac Newton
c. Nicolaus Copernicus
d. Aristotle

1. Which intellectual revolution in science and philosophy challenged traditional beliefs about the origin
and development of life, and proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
a. Darwinian Revolution
b. Freudian Revolution
c. Copernican Revolution
d. Industrial Revolution

2. What intellectual revolution in psychology challenged traditional views on human behavior and
emphasized the role of the unconscious mind?
a. Freudian Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Copernican Revolution
d. Cognitive Revolution

3. Which intellectual revolution in astronomy challenged the geocentric model of the universe and
proposed the heliocentric model?
a. Copernican Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Freudian Revolution
d. Scientific Revolution

4. What intellectual revolution in science and medicine challenged traditional beliefs about mental illness
and proposed new methods of treatment based on psychoanalysis?
a. Freudian Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Copernican Revolution
d. Industrial Revolution

5. What intellectual revolution in biology challenged traditional beliefs about the fixity of species and
proposed the concept of natural selection as the mechanism of evolution?
a. Darwinian Revolution
b. Freudian Revolution
c. Copernican Revolution
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d. Scientific Revolution

6. Which intellectual revolution in psychology challenged traditional views on the nature of human
consciousness and the self, and proposed the concept of the id, ego, and superego?
a. Freudian Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Copernican Revolution
d. Cognitive Revolution

7. What intellectual revolution in astronomy challenged the traditional Aristotelian view of the universe
and paved the way for the development of modern science?
a. Copernican Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Freudian Revolution
d. Scientific Revolution

8. What intellectual revolution in biology challenged traditional beliefs about the role of genetics in
evolution, and proposed the concept of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
a. Lamarckian Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Freudian Revolution
d. Copernican Revolution

9. Which intellectual revolution in psychology challenged traditional views on human behavior and
emphasized the role of environmental factors in shaping personality?
a. Freudian Revolution
b. Cognitive Revolution
c. Darwinian Revolution

10. What intellectual revolution in astronomy challenged traditional beliefs about the nature of the universe
and proposed the concept of a heliocentric solar system?
a. Copernican Revolution
b. Darwinian Revolution
c. Freudian Revolution
d. Scientific Revolution

1. Which of the following is an example of a technology used in Philippine agriculture?

a. Balut-making machines
b. Rice harvester
c. Coconut oil press
d. All of the above

2. Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source in the Philippines?

a. Coal
b. Oil
c. Solar
d. Natural gas
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3. Which of the following best describes the role of science and technology in nation-building?
a. They are not important in nation-building
b. They are essential in developing a country's economy, infrastructure, and healthcare system
c. They only benefit wealthy people
d. None of the above

4. What is the name of the first Filipino-made satellite launched into space?
a. Maya-1
b. Diwata-1
c. Sputnik-1
d. Apollo-11

5. Which of the following is an example of an indigenous Philippine technology?

a. Banig weaving
b. Jeepney manufacturing
c. Computer programming
d. None of the above

6. What is the name of the government agency in charge of promoting science and technology in the
Philippines?
a. Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
b. Department of Education (DepEd)
c. Department of Health (DOH)
d. Department of Agriculture (DA)

7. What is the significance of the Balangay boat in Philippine history?

a. It was the first Philippine-made boat used for trade and commerce
b. It was used by the Spanish conquistadors to colonize the Philippines
c. It was used by the Japanese during World War II
d. None of the above

8. What is the name of the Philippine-made mobile application that aims to promote responsible mining
practices?
a. MinaPH
b. EcoMine
c. SustainaMine
d. None of the above

9. Which of the following is an example of a Filipino inventor who made significant contributions to the
field of science and technology?
a. Jose Rizal
b. Gregorio Zara
c. Manny Pacquiao
d. None of the above

10. Which of the following is an example of a science and technology project that aims to address a societal
issue in the Philippines?
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a. Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards)

b. Boracay rehabilitation project
c. Build, Build, Build infrastructure program
d. None of the above

1. Which of the following best represents Heidegger's view of technology?

a) Technology is a neutral tool that can be used for good or bad.
b) Technology is a means to an end, a tool for achieving our goals.
c) Technology is an all-encompassing system that determines the way we think and act.
d) Technology is a natural and inevitable progression of human development.

2. According to Marx, what role does technology play in the capitalist system?
a) It enables workers to be more productive and efficient.
b) It creates wealth and prosperity for all members of society.
c) It alienates workers from their labor and creates inequality.
d) It promotes individualism and freedom.

3. Which of the following best represents Heidegger's view of modern technology?

a) It is a positive force that helps us achieve our goals.
b) It is a necessary evil that we must learn to control.
c) It is a threat to our way of life and the essence of what it means to be human.
d) It is a natural progression that we cannot resist.

4. According to Marx, what is the primary purpose of technology in a capitalist system?

a) To benefit society as a whole.
b) To create wealth for the owners of the means of production.
c) To promote individualism and freedom.
d) To ensure that everyone has equal access to resources.

5. Which of the following best represents Heidegger's view of the relationship between technology and
nature?
a) Technology is separate from nature and can be used to control it.
b) Technology is a natural extension of human beings and should be embraced.
c) Technology destroys nature and should be stopped.
d) Technology and nature are inseparable and cannot be understood separately.

6. According to Marx, what is the effect of technological advancements on the labor force?
a) It creates new job opportunities for workers.
b) It increases efficiency and productivity.
c) It leads to the displacement of workers and creates unemployment.
d) It promotes job security and stability.
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7. Which of the following best represents Heidegger's view of the relationship between technology and
human existence?
a) Technology enhances our existence and allows us to fulfill our potential.
b) Technology is a threat to our existence and the essence of what it means to be human.
c) Technology is neutral and has no impact on human existence.
d) Technology is a necessary evil that we must learn to control.

8. According to Marx, what is the role of technology in the class struggle?

a) It reinforces the power of the ruling class.
b) It promotes social mobility and class equality.
c) It creates opportunities for the working class to gain power.
d) It has no impact on the class struggle.

9. Which of the following best represents Heidegger's view of the impact of technology on culture?
a) Technology enhances culture by enabling us to create new forms of art and expression.
b) Technology is a threat to culture and the essence of what it means to be human.
c) Technology has no impact on culture.
d) Technology is neutral and can be used to support or challenge cultural norms.

10. According to Marx, what is the relationship between technology and social progress?
a) Technology is essential for social progress.
b) Technology is a hindrance to social progress.
c) Technology has no impact on social progress.
d) Technology can be used to either support or challenge social progress.

1. Which of the following best defines human flourishing?

a) A state of being where one experiences happiness and fulfillment
b) A state of being where one experiences constant material success
c) A state of being where one experiences physical health and wellness
d) A state of being where one experiences a lack of challenges and obstacles

2. Which philosopher believed that human flourishing was achieved through the pursuit of excellence in all
areas of life?
a) Aristotle
b) Immanuel Kant
c) Jean-Jacques Rousseau
d) Friedrich Nietzsche

3. How does the concept of human flourishing differ from other theories of well-being?
a) It focuses on the individual's overall flourishing, rather than just one aspect of their life
b) It only considers material wealth and success as important factors for happiness
c) It does not take into account the individual's relationships or social connections
d) It only considers physical health as important for happiness
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4. Which of the following factors are important for achieving human flourishing?
a) Only physical health and wellness
b) Only intellectual development and success
c) Both material success and strong relationships with others
d) None of the above

5. In what ways can one promote their own human flourishing?

a) By pursuing a fulfilling career and making a lot of money
b) By engaging in regular physical exercise and maintaining a healthy diet
c) By prioritizing their personal relationships and social connections
d) All of the above

6. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of human flourishing?
a) A person who has achieved great material wealth, but has no friends or family to share it with
b) A person who has dedicated their life to helping others, but struggles to make ends meet
financially
c) A person who has achieved great success in their career, but struggles with chronic health
problems
d) A person who has balanced success in their career, personal relationships, and physical health
and well-being

7. What are some common barriers to achieving human flourishing in modern society?
a) Overemphasis on material success and consumption
b) Lack of access to education and career opportunities
c) Social isolation and disconnection from others
d) All of the above

8. Which of the following would be the most effective strategy for promoting human flourishing in a
community?
a) Building more businesses and creating more job opportunities
b) Encouraging the development of strong social connections and support networks
c) Providing access to top-quality healthcare services
d) Offering financial incentives for achieving specific life goals

9. What are some potential criticisms of the concept of human flourishing?

a) It places too much emphasis on individual success and achievement
b) It does not take into account the individual's cultural or societal background
c) It assumes that all individuals have the same goals and aspirations
d) All of the above

1. What is the term used to describe the pursuit of excellence and the fulfillment of one's potential?
a. Human Flourishing
b. Self-Actualization
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c. Personal Growth
d. Success

2. Which of the following is a key component of the good life, according to the Greek philosopher
Aristotle?
a. Wealth
b. Fame
c. Power
d. Virtue
3. Which of the following is a concept closely related to the idea of human flourishing?
a. Hedonism
b. Existentialism
c. Eudaimonia
d. Utilitarianism

4. What is the term used to describe a state of being in which a person experiences positive emotions,
engages in meaningful activities, and has positive relationships with others?
a. Well-being
b. Success
c. Fulfillment
d. Contentment

5. Which of the following is an example of a behavior that can contribute to human flourishing?
a. Engaging in excessive drinking
b. Isolating oneself from others
c. Engaging in meaningful work or hobbies
d. Engaging in risky behaviors

6. Which of the following is a concept that is closely related to the idea of human flourishing?
a. Narcissism
b. Selfishness
c. Altruism
d. Greed

7. What is the term used to describe the ability to bounce back from adversity and overcome challenges?
a. Resilience
b. Optimism
c. Confidence
d. Narcissism

8. Which of the following is an example of a virtue that is associated with human flourishing?
a. Selfishness
b. Humility
c. Greed
d. Arrogance
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9. What is the term used to describe a state of mind characterized by a sense of fulfillment, purpose, and
satisfaction?
a. Joy
b. Contentment
c. Excitement
d. Enthusiasm

10. According to Aristotle, what is the ultimate goal of human existence?

a. Happiness
b. Wealth
c. Power
d. Knowledge
1. Which of the following statements about science, technology and society is considered incorrect?
A. The study of STS is important for both the natural science community and the social science
community.
B. Science requires skills like critical thinking and problem-solving but less on creativity and
imagination.
C. STS draws from other disciplines such as history, economics, political science and international
policies.
D. Science mainly concerns on the acquisition and production of knowledge from the natural world.

2. Which of the following has the concern about the development and use of materials, tools, and
approaches to solve human problems?
A. Science
B. Technology
C. Society
D. STS

3. STS as new and young academic discipline aims to make science to be at par with the present status of
the society, provide its needs as well as contribute to the improvements. This statement is
A. True.
B. False.
C. Imprecise.
D. Partial.

4. Which of the following does the establishment of STS as an academic field primarily stemmed from?
A. students are not ready to respond to the challenges from science and technology
B. decongest the numerous general education science subjects
C. to make STS become harmonize with the subjects taught internationally
D. to make the contents of subject more modern
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5. Coastline Matching is an activity of finding the similarity of coastlines for different continents that may
suggests that they may once have been connected. This only prove that
A. the World is Understandable
B. science Explains and Predicts
C. science Demands Evidence

6. What is/are the advantage/s of having a digital twin?

A. it could predict your health condition
B. unauthorized and unethical experiments could be performed on your twin
C. your information is prone to hacking
D. all of the options

7. Which of the following has the greatest impact on the present status of the of advanced and sophisticated
scientific and technological innovations today?
A. historical antecedents
B. intellectual revolutions
C. ancient civilization
D. all of the above

8. There is a general agreement that the ancient wheel grew out of a mechanical device that is intendedly
used for
A. making potteries
B. milling farm products
C. transportation
D. making thread

9. Roads were first developed by ____________ and they utilized __________ to smoothen its surface.
A. Chinese: asphalt
B. Sumerians: bitumen
C. Akkadians: concrete
D. Egyptians: limestone

10. The first paper was made _________ from that came from a plant that grow along the side of the
____River
A. Papyrus:Nile
B. Lilly:Nile
C. Lotus:Indus
D. Secoia:Amazon
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11. This is where the news and announcements of the Roman Empire placed to become accessible to the
people.
A. Papyrus
B. Gazettes
C. Romanian Bulletin
D. Roman Times

12. Which of the following is incorrectly paired?

A. Compound Microscope – Zacharias Janssen
B. Engine-Powered Airplane – Wright Brothers
C. Erythromycin – Aisa Mijeno
D. Banana Ketchup – Maria Orosa

13. Which of the following is true regarding the medical incubator invented by the award-winning
pediatrician, Dr. Fe del Mundo in 1941?
A. It doesn’t run on electricity.
B. It is made of four native laundry baskets.
C. The invention was patented in USA.
D. All of the Options

14. It served as the sacred place of the Babylonian's chief god, where only their priests were allowed to enter
A. Pyramid
B. Ziggurat
C. Great wall
D. Rice Terraces

15. Which ancient invention introduced the idea of lifting things using counterweights?
A. Wheelbarrow
B. Shadoof
C. Aqueduct
D. Water Turbines

16. Telescope is an optical instrument that helps in the observation of remote objects. Several men laid
claim to inventing the telescope, but the credit usually goes to
A. Galileo Galilei
B. Zacharias Janssen
C. Hans Lippershey
D. Louis Pasteur
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17. The famous philosopher and astronomer who stated that the planets as well as the sun and the moon
moved in a circular motion around the Earth.
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Nicolaus Copernicus
C. Charles Darwin
D. Claudius Ptolemy

18. There is a scheme for the structure of the solar system that retained the ancient Ptolemaic system idea
that Earth is at fixed center of the universe around which the Sun and Moon revolved, and all other
planets revolved around the Sun. This was put forward in by
A. Tycho Brahe
B. Copernicus
C. Ptolemy
D. Galileo Galilei

19. Which of the following statement about Sigmund Freud is CORRECT?

I. He developed a method of understanding inner and unconscious conflicts within one’s personality.
II. He suggested that humans are inherently pain-seeking individuals.
III. His methods involve knowing one’s dreams, fantasies and childhood experiences.
IV. His idea received a lot of controversies and criticisms.

A. I, II, and IV only

B. I and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IV only

20. Which of the following is the BEST representation of paradigm shift during the intellectual revolution?
A. Geocentrism to Heliocentrism
B. Heliocentrism to Geocentrism
C. Flat earth to round earth
D. 9 planets to 8
21. Which illustrates the theory of psychoanalysis introduced by Sigmund Freud?
I. Was developed in the late 19th century
II. Explains human behavior
III. Natural selection
IV. Heliocentrism
A. I and IV
B. III only
C. I and II
D. None of the options
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22. It refers to a series of events which led to the emergence of modern science and the progress of scientific
thinking across critical periods in history which changed people’s perceptions and beliefs is collectively
referred to as the ________.
A. Industrial Revolution
B. Technological Revolution
C. Intellectual Revolution
D. Celestial Revolution

23. Who among the Filipino presidents mandated the Department of Education and Culture to promote
science courses in public high schools?
A. Diosdado Macapagal
B. Ferdinand Marcos
C. Fidel Ramos
D. None of the above

24. During the occupation of Spaniards in the Philippines, they merged communities to become larger and
fewer communities within hearing distance of church bells and adopted how Filipinos rule. They called
this process as
A. Falla
B. Reduccion
C. Centralization
D. Consolidacion

25. Liberal ideas from Europe reached the Philippines, communication and transportation became easy and
Filipinos were able to study science and technology abroad. This is because of
A. Suez Canal opening
B. Panama Canal opening
C. Galleon Trade involvement
D. Frozen oceans between continents

26. During their colonial period, Department of Public Instruction was established by the Americans for a
free public educational system, the medium of instruction is
A. Spanish, since they colonized the country for the longest period of time
B. Filipino/Tagalog, since we are Filipinos
C. English, because the teachers are Americans
D. Filipino/Tagalog, since the school is in the Philippines
27. Which of the following is an accomplishment done under the presidency of Fidel Ramos?
A. renaming of DOST to NSTA
B. Doctors to the Barrio Program
C. promulgation of Biofuels Act
D. mandating the Philippine Clean Air Act
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28. Which of the following statement describes indigenous science?

I. It is derived from traditional knowledge and practices.
II. It is guided by culture and community values.
III. It does not integrate complex science process skills and only rely on basic process skills.
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I, II, and III
D. I and III only

29. It was the first science high school in the Philippines

A. Manila Science High School
B. Special Science Class
C. Quezon City Regional Science High School
D. Philippine Science High School Systems

30. Which of the following is INCORRECTLY paired?

A. Maria Orosa- banana ketchup
B. Manuel Guerrero- beriberi in infants
C. Abelardo Aguilar- local mole remover
D. Fe del Mundo- medical incubator

31. FABIAN MILLAR DAYRIT contributed for

A. phytochemical work for the development of lagundi
B. neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal drug addiction
C. coconut chemistry
D. commercial fabrication of high yielding market-size tilapia

32. S/He contributed to the country’s marine development and concerns. He is known for his fieldwork to
build sanctuaries and to promote biodiversity in the aquatic ecosystems of the Philippines.
A. Gregory Ligot Tangonan
B. Angel Alcala
C. Ramon Cabanos Barba

33. Which of the following statements concerning Heidegger's perspective on modern technology's ability to
expose as a means of challenging forth is FALSE?
A. It makes people think how to do things faster, more effectively with less effort.
B. It prompts people into dominating the earth’s natural resources.
C. It is evident in the way people exploit reserves with very little concern for the ecological
consequences.
D. It means towards fulfilling our needs while respecting nature’s needs.
34. Which of the following is translated as unclosedness, unconcealedness, disclosure, or truth?
A. Skill
B. Poiesis
C. Aletheia
D. Indebtedness
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35. Which of the following statement is NOT true about Heidegger’s view on modern technology’s way of
revealing as a way of challenging forth?
A. It prompts people into dominating the earth’s natural resources.
B. It is a means towards fulfilling our needs while respecting nature's needs.
C. It makes people think how to do things faster, more effectively with less effort.
D. It is evident in the way people exploit reserves with very little concern for the ecological
consequences.

36. According to Heidegger, which of the following is an anthropological definition to technology?

A. Technology is a tool available to individuals and groups that desire to make an impact to society.
B. The production and invention of technological equipment, tools and machines is considered a human
activity.
C. Technology is a means to getting things done.
D. Both A and C are correct

37. The one which caused for the thing to be formed. This is referred by
A. causa efficiens
B. causa finalis
C. causa formalis
D. causa materialis

38. He is known in his work The Question of Technology that aimed to characterize technology and how
humans relate to it.
A. William Nelson Joy
B. Martin Heidegger
C. Romi Mukherjee
D. Theodore Kaczynski

39. In the article written by Jason Hickel, according to the majority of people in middle-and high-income
countries, what puts the planet and society at risk?
A. Overconsumption
B. Overpopulation
C. Overproduction
D. Climate Change

40. Which of the following can be considered as an adverse impact of science and technology on the
environment?
A. depletion of natural resources
B. increased productivity to satisfy human needs
C. faster manufacturing of different goods and services
D. cleaner and better quality of water and air
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41. For western Civilization, how do they define human flourishing?

A. it is centered on the community
B. It is individualistic
C. Learning for the greater good
D. All of the options

42. According to Bandarlipe, et al. (2019), which of following characterizes human flourishing?
A. All humans aim to flourish.
B. It is Applying one’s capacities, capabilities, and virtues.
C. It Depends on free will.
D. All of the above

43. Humans have flourished as shown on the progresses that we are experiencing that is lacking before. One
of the examples is better medical care and health conditions that resulted to the following EXCEPT
A. lowered Mortality rates
B. increased Life spans
C. controlled diseases
D. increased Literacy rates

44. Which of the following can be considered as an adverse impact of science and technology on the
environment?
A. depletion of natural resources
B. increased productivity to satisfy human needs
C. faster manufacturing of different goods and services
D. cleaner and better quality of water and air

45. Which of the following work of Aristotle is being described below?

It gained more popularity among the Aristotelian works, it is the fundamental basis of Aristotelian Ethics and it
consists of ten books.
A. Nicomachean Ethics
B. Eudemian Ethics
C. Human Ethics
D. Virtue

46. It is widely believed that the Nichomachean Ethics was named after ____________.
A. one of the author’s son
B. one of the author’s friend
C. one of the author’s ex
D. author’s grandfather

47. Which of the following, according to Aristotle, is the highest pursuit in life?
A. The pursuit of pleasure
B. The pursuit of honors
C. The pursuit of rational contemplation
D. All of the above
 GE 6: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY
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48. Which among the following statements is NOT true?

A. Virtue makes one function well.
B. Happiness is only possible by living a life of virtue.
C. Virtue or character is cultivated with habitual practice.
D. Wisdom and understanding are moral virtues.

49. Which of the following best describes the life of a virtuous person?
A. The person engages in virtuous activity and finds that activity pleasant.
B. The person engages in virtuous activity just because it is good.
C. The person engages in virtuous activity but has to force him/her to do it.
D. The person engages in virtuous activity because it pays off.

50. Nichomachean Ethics were originally lecture notes used by Aristotle when he taught at the Lyceum.
This work contains how many books?
A. 1
B. 5
C. 10
D. 50