Assignment Details:

Course Code &

UEME1323 Statics
Name
Assignment Title Analysing Beams & Bending Members
Lecturer Ir Ts Wong Chee Fui
#*
Assignment
Group No.
Date of
Submission
# Follow Lecture Group No. according to UTAR portal timetable, members are not allowed to
cross different Lecture Groups
* Follow Assignment Group No. based on group registration sheet

Group Members:
No Student Name Student Lecture Programme
ID Group

1 Chang York Peng 2206992 L2 MH

2 Homer Ignatius Jeremiah III 2206763 L2 MH
3 Husham Nasir Agib 2400608 L2 MH
4 Ng Jing Yu 2400403 L2 MH
5 Nur Syafiqah Najihah Bt 2207576 L2 MH
Shafi’e
*Penalty will be imposed on report submitted without sufficient and clear information.
THIS MARKING RUBRIC MUST BE INCLUDED INTO YOUR ASSIGNMENT!

1
0
Introduction
Shear force is defined as the internal force parallel to a surface that seeks to cause one
part of the surface to slide or deform relative to another part (Hibbeler, 1998). For
example, when a load like a phone is pushed onto a table, the force that resist that
pushing force while the phone is not moving is called the shear force (Dominik, 2022).
However, this shear force acts in the same magnitude but opposite direction from the
load. The relationship between the load, W and shear force, F can be shown below:
W = dF/dx

where x = Displacement between the force acting on that point and the other end of the
supporting point.

Bending moment is defined as the moment when an external force is exerted on a

structural component, leading to its bending and eventual failure (James L. Meriam,
2013). There are two types of bending moment which are positive bending (sagging)
and negative bending (hogging). Positive bending is the compression that causes a
pulling reaction in the bottom of the material. On the other hand, negative bending is the
compression that occurs and causes that pushing reaction from the bottom fiber (Smith,
2021). The relationship between shear force, F and bending moment, M can be below:
F = dM / dx

where x = Displacement between the force acting on that point and the other end of the
supporting point
In this analysis, we examine a 10-meter-long beam supported at two points:
Support A, which is pinned, and Support B, which is supported by a roller. The beam is
subjected to a load, specifically a car, positioned at the midpoint of the beam. The
objective is to construct a free-body diagram (FBD) for the beam, develop the
corresponding shear force and bending moment diagrams, and analyse the stress
distribution across the beam.

We will also explore the impact of shifting the centroid of the vehicle 3 meters away from
Support B, assessing how this change influences the shear forces, bending moments, and
overall stress experienced by the beam. This analysis will provide insights into the
structural behaviour under different loading conditions, which is crucial for understanding
the beam’s performance.
Calculation
BMW M2 Coupe 2024

Original Scenario 1
Mass = 2155kg

Weight = 2155 x 9.81

= 21140.55N

FBD

Figure 1

Shear Force
Shear Force Diagram

Diagram 1
Bending Moment Diagram

Diagram 2
Scenario 2

Weight = 2155 x 9.81

= 21140.55N

Figure 2
Shear Force Diagram

Diagram 3
Bending Moment Diagram

Diagram 4
Discussion

Results of the experiment.

As seen from the free body diagram (Fig. 1), the force exerted from both Support
A & Support B along the Y-axis is identical due to the concentrated load of the BMW
M2 Coupe being on the same distance from both Supports. With Support A being a pin
type support, it means that it has a support reaction on the X-axis, but due to there being
no force along the X-axis then the calculation from Scenario 1 shows that the Support A
reaction along the X-axis is equal to zero.
As for the shear force diagram, the shear force diagram shows that the value of the
internal shear force at every point in the beam caused by both Support A&B and the load
of the BMW M2 Coupe, the shear force acting on every point causes the beam to
undergo stress which might cause deformations in the beam as well as internal damage
to the beam which may eventually lead to failure (Ferdinand Beer, 2021). The shear
force on the beam is at a constant value of 10570.275N across the whole beam, although
the direction of the internal shear force gets reversed at the middle of the beam.
The bending moment diagram shows the bending effect of the force that is applied
to the beam carrying withstanding the reaction forces of the supports as well as the force
effects of the load(s) connected to the beam (Daniel W. Baker, 2024). Since the bending
moment is always positive across the bending moment diagram, then the beam is
experiencing compression on the top of the beam and a tensile stress in the bottom
 (Fig.#). The bending moment on the beam has a maximum value of 52857.375Nm at the
middle of the beam which is 5m away from Support A and Support B.

Figure (3): Top: Demonstration on the location of the compression (C) and Tensile (T)
stress.
Bottom: Effect of the compression and tensile stress caused by the bending moment.
In scenario 2, when the centroid of the vehicle is shifted to 3 metres away from support B,
the point load is no longer on the midpoint of the beam. The change in location makes the
beam experience more shear force near point B from the point load than near point A.
This is shown in Fig. # (bending moment) where the shear force on the left side of the
point load is 6342.165N and the right side is -14795.385N, displaying unequal
magnitudes (Daniel W. Baker, 2024).
As a consequence of the change in the shear force profile, bending moment across
the beam changes. The point where the moment is maximum is shifted to 3 metres from
support B, in addition to having a smaller magnitude at 44395.155Nm.
Like scenario 1, a positive bending moment represents a sagging beam. This
means the top of the beam continues to experience compressional force and tensile force
at the bottom of the beam. However, due to a change in the bending moment profile, the
deflection characteristics of the beam are no longer the same. According to Gere,
Timoshenko (1997), the approximation of maximum deflection is defined by
2 2
Pb (3 L −4 b )
δ c=
48 EI
 where P, b, L, E, and I are point load, distance from support B to point P, distance
between support A and support B, Young modulus, and inertia of beam respectively.

A B

a b

L
Figure #: A point load on a simply supported beam

As P, L, E, and I can be considered as constants, the only changing factor in this

case is b. In scenario 2, b decreases. δ c changes as a result and is consistent with the
calculations made above.

Conclusion
(just put this anywhere you want to (J.L. Meriam, 2010){IN THE DOCUMENT NOT UP MY
ASS})
References
Daniel W. Baker, W. H., 2024. Engineering Statics. Colorado: Pretextbook.
Ferdinand Beer, E. J. J. D. D. M., 2021. Statics and mechanics of materials. 3rd ed. New
York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Education.
Hibbeler, R. C., 1998. Engineering mechanics. statics. 1st ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
Prentice Hall.
J.L. Meriam, L. K., 2010. Engineering Mechanics. Vol. 1. Statics. 1st ed. Hoboken, J.J:
J. Wiley.
James L. Meriam, L. G. K., 2013. Engineering mechanics. volume 1, Statics: Si version.
7th ed. New Delhi: Wiley.