INDEX

SNO: Practical
1 Enlist various companies in cloud business and the
corresponding services provided by them and tag them
under SaaS , PaaS & IaaS (Google, Amazon AWS,
Microsoft Azure)
2 Implementation of Para-Virtualization using VM Ware‘s
Workstation/ Oracle‘s Virtual Box and Guest O.S.
3 Learn creation, migration, cloning and managing of virtual
machines.
4 Creating account on Google App Engine
5 Setting up a private cloud using Open Source tools
(Eucalyptus/Open Stack etc.).
6 Creating Account on Github and using Gitub storage cloud
for hosting a static website
7 Using Python-anywhere SaaS cloud service for Hosting
dynamic Django-Python website
 LAB 1
Enlist various companies in cloud business and the corresponding services
provided by them and tag them under SaaS , PaaS & IaaS (Google, Amazon
AWS, Microsoft Azure)

The cloud refers to how and where data is stored — perhaps more importantly,
where it isn’t. The cloud allows software and services torun on the internet instead
of only locally on one device because thedata is stored remotely across various
servers.

IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS are the three main categories of cloud computing. Cloud
computing is using a network of different servers that host, store, manage, and
process data online — in "the cloud," asI mentioned earlier.

Let’s go over a quick definition for each of these services.

 IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): IaaS products allow organizations to

manage their business resources — such as theirnetwork, servers, and data
storage — on the cloud.

 PaaS (Platform as a Service): PaaS products allow businesses and

developers to host, build, and deploy consumer-facing apps.

 SaaS (Software as a Service): By far the most common cloudservice,

SaaS products offer both consumers and businesses cloud-based tools
and applications for everyday use.

You can access all three via internet browser or online apps availableon different
devices. A great example is Google Docs, which allows your team to collaborate
online instead of needing to work on one Microsoft Word document and send it
around to each other.
Compare these to on-premise software, which is installed locally on a
server or device at an organization’s physical location.

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

IaaS, or infrastructure as a service, is a cloud-based service that

allows resources to be delivered to organizations virtually (or through
the cloud). IaaS tools help organizations build and manage servers,
networks, operating systems, and data storage without needing to buy
hardware.

IaaS customers can control their data infrastructure without physicallymanaging it

on-site. Instead, they store data on the servers of IaaS providers, and use a
dashboard or API (application programming interface) to access and manage their
resources.
IaaS Examples
 Amazon Web Services (AWS): AWS is overseen by Amazon and is used
for on-demand cloud computing and purchased on arecurring subscription
basis. AWS helps companies store data and deliver content — in fact, it's
 helping you read this blog postright now.
 Microsoft Azure: Microsoft Azure is a cloud-computing IaaSproduct
that allows for building, testing, and managing applications through a
network of Microsoft data centers.

 Google Cloud: Google Cloud is an IaaS platform that businesses can use to
natively run Windows, Oracle, and SAP. Additionally, abusiness can
manage its enterprise database and use AI solutions to increase operational
efficiency within the firm.

 IBM Cloud: IBM Cloud is another IaaS product that allows businesses to
“allocate your computer, network, storage and security resources on
demand.” In other words, businesses onlyuse resources when needed,
increasing efficiency.

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

A PaaS, or platform as a service, provides developers with a

framework they can use to build custom applications. PaaS doesn’t
deliver software over the internet, but rather a platform that
developers can use to create online software and apps.

What does PaaS do?

PaaS products let developers build custom applications online withouthaving to

deal with data serving, storage, and management.

You can think of PaaS as a scaled-down version of IaaS. It still provides

customers with servers and data centers to store their information (in this instance,
an app), but its customer is a developercreating an app that will then be delivered
over the internet to consumers. SaaS applications are developed on PaaS
platforms.

PaaS Delivery
PaaS provides a secure platform for developers can create software and apps for
consumer use. Developers access PaaS tools over the web. For instance, the
Heroku dashboard, prompted me to create anapp.

PaaS Examples
 Google App Engine: Google App Engine allows developers to build and
host web applications in cloud-based data centers thatGoogle manages.

 Kinsta: Kinsta provides Application, Database, and Managed WordPress

Hosting solutions that make it quick and easy to deploy any web
application in minutes, without worrying aboutthe hosting infrastructure.

 Red Hat OpenShift: Red Hat OpenShift is an on-premises

containerization PaaS software.

 Heroku: Developers can use this PaaS tool to build, manage,and grow
consumer-facing apps.

 Apprenda: Apprenda is a PaaS product that allows developers and

businesses to host an entire application portfolio. Build and deploy
applications of all types on this platform.

Next up, let's dive into SaaS — the acronym you're likely most familiarwith.

SaaS (Software as a Service)

SaaS, or software as a service, refers to cloud-based software that is
hosted online by a company, is available for purchase on a
subscription basis, and is delivered to buyers via the internet.

SaaS Examples
 HubSpot: HubSpot is a CRM, marketing, sales, and service SaaSplatform
that businesses use to connect with and retain customers.

 JIRA: JIRA is a project management software that's delivered byAtlassian

and can be purchased on a subscription basis by customers.

 Dropbox: Dropbox is a file-sharing SaaS tool that allows multiple

users within a group or organization to upload anddownload different
files.

 DocuSign: DocuSign is a SaaS product that businesses use tosend

contracts and other documents that require signatures.
 LAB 2
Implementation of Para-Virtualization using VM Ware‘s Workstation/ Oracle‘s
Virtual Box and Guest O.S.

Lab – Install Linux in a Virtual Machine and Explore the GUI

Step 1: Prepare a Computer for Virtualization
Step 2: Install a Linux OS on the Virtual Machine
Step 3: Explore the GUI

Background / Scenario
Computing power and resources have increased tremendously over the last 10 years. A benefit of multi-
core processors and large amounts of RAM is the ability to install multiple operating systems through the
use of virtualization on a computer. With virtualization, one or more virtual computers can operate inside
one physical computer. Virtual computers that run within physical computers are called virtual machines.
Virtual machines are often called guests, and physical computers are often called hosts. Anyone with a
modern computer and operating system can run virtual machines.

In this lab, we installed a Linux OS in a virtual machine using a desktop virtualization application, such
as VirtualBox. After completing the installation, we explored the GUI interface.

Required Resources
Computer with a minimum of 2 GB of RAM and 10 GB of free disk space
High-speed Internet access to download Oracle VirtualBox and Linux OS image, such as Ubuntu
Desktop
Instructions
Part 1: Prepare a Computer for Virtualization- Download and install desktop virtualization software
and a Linux OS image.
Step 1: Download and install VirtualBox - VMware Player and Oracle VirtualBox are two virtualization
programs that you can download and install to support the OS image file. In this lab, you will use the
VirtualBox application.

a. Navigate to https://www.virtualbox.org/. Click the download link on this page.

b. Choose and download the appropriate installation file based on your operating system.
c. After the VirtualBox installation file is downloaded, run the installer and accept the default
installation settings.
Step 2: Download a Linux Image.
a. Navigate to the Ubuntu website at http://www.ubuntu.com. Click the Download link on this

page to download and save an Ubuntu Desktop image.

Step 3: Create a New Virtual Machine.
a. Click Start and search for Virtualbox. Click Oracle VM VirtualBox to open the manager. When the
manager opens, click New to start the Ubuntu installation.
b. In the Name and operating system screen, type Ubuntu in the Name field. For the Type field,
select Linux. In the Version field, select the corresponding downloaded version. Click Next to
continue.
c. In the Memory size screen, increase the amount of RAM as long as the amount of RAM for the
virtual machine is in the green area. Going beyond the green area would adversely affect the
performance of the host. Click Next to continue.
d. In the Hard disk screen, click Create to create a virtual hard disk now.
e. In the Hard disk file type screen, use the default file type settings of VDI (VirtualBox Disk
Image). Click Next to continue.
f. In the Storage on physical hard disk screen, use the default storage settings of dynamically
allocated. Click Next to continue.
g. In the File location and size screen, you can adjust the hard drive and change the name and
location of the virtual hard drive. Click Create to use the default settings.
h. When the hard drive creation is done, the new virtual machine is listed in the Oracle VM
VirtualBox Manager window. Select Ubuntu and click Start in the top menu.

Part 2: Install Ubuntu on the virtual machine

Step 1: Mount the Image.
a. In the Oracle VM Virtualbox Manager window. Right-click Ubuntu and select Settings. In the
Ubuntu – Settings window, click Storage in the left pane. Click Empty in the middle pane. In the
right pane, click the CD symbol and select the file location of the Ubuntu image. Click OK to
continue.

Step 2: Install the OS.

a. In the Welcome screen, you are prompted to try or install Ubuntu. The try option does not install the
OS, it runs the OS straight from the image. In this lab, you will install the Ubuntu OS in this virtual
machine.
Click Install Ubuntu.
Part 3: Explore the GUI
In this part, you will install the VirtualBox guest additions and explore the Ubuntu GUI.
Step 1: Install Guest Additions.
a) Log on to your Ubuntu virtual machine using the user credentials created in the previous part.
b) Your Ubuntu Desktop window may be smaller than expected. This is especially true on high-
resolution displays.
c) Click Device > Insert Guest Additions CD image… to install the Guest Additions. This allows
more functions, such as changing the screen resolution in the virtual machine.

Click Run to install the additions. When prompted for a password, use the same password that you
used to log on. Click Authenticate to continue. If the computer was not connected to the Internet
during the installation, click Devices > Network Settings in the Oracle VirtualBox menu. Enable
network adapters and configure the proper setting for network connections as necessary. Click OK.
When the installation of the additions is done, restart the virtual machine again. Click the menu in
the upper-right corner and click Shut down. Click Restart to restart Ubuntu.
Step 2: Open a web browser.
a) Log on to Ubuntu again. After you are logged on again, you can resize the virtual machine
window.
b) Open a web browser. Depending on the Linux distribution, you may need to search for a web
browser or there is a link to a web browser already on the Desktop.
c) Locate a terminal emulator to access the command line interface. You will be using a terminal
emulator in later labs.
d) Explore the installed Linux distribution and locate a few applications that you may use.
 LAB 3

How to clone virtual machines in virtualbox.

Installing a fresh operating system on VirtualBox is easy and can be done in a

short time. After that, there are so many steps like installingpackages, hardening
the OS, updating drivers, configuring development environments, etc.. have to be
done.

This is ok if you have just one virtual machine to work with. What if you need to
repeat the same procedure for 5, 10, or 15 more virtual machines? Do you think it
is easy to set up everything manually for allthe virtual machines? It is a time-
consuming task, right? This is wherethe cloning process comes into play.

Cloning is a process where your disk images from one machine will becopied to
spin up a new Guest VM.

Types of Cloning in VirtualBox

There are two types of cloning in VirtualBox.

Full Clone – In this mode, your existing disk image will be copied to a
new location and a clone will be created. Your newdisk will not be
dependent on the source disk from where it is cloned from.
Linked Clone – In this mode, a differential image is created andthe parent
disk will be your source image disk. If you remove theparent disk then cloned
machine will not work.

Note: The time of cloning a virtual machine relies on the size and thenumber of
connected disk images.

Cloning a VirtualBox Virtual Machine

Creating a clone is a very simple process. Open VirtualBox Manager,choose the
virtual machine to be cloned and right-click on the VM, andchoose option clone.
The cloning option will be disabled if VM is in a running state so make sure VM is
turned off.

VirtualBox Clone

Once you initiate the clone, click on ‘Expert Mode‘ and there are few
parameters we have to configure. Initially, we will do a full clone.

Name: Name of your VM.

Path: Storage location for your VM.
Clone type: Full Clone.
Snapshots: There are two snapshot options that specify whetherto take a
snapshot of the current machine state or everything. I don’t have any
snapshot configured so I am choosing “Current Machine State“.
 MAC Address Policy: when cloning you have the option to stickwith the
same MAC address or create a new one for your networkinterface. It is
advisable to create a new one.
Keep Disk Names, Hardware UUIDs: This will retain the sameDisk name
and hardware UUID during cloning.

VirtualBox Clone Settings

Clone Virtual Machine

Once you have filled all the necessary parameters and press clone youwill see
cloning will be started.
Cloning Virtual Machine

Once the cloning is completed your cloned image will be automatically

displayed in the Virtualbox Manager.

View VirtualBox Cloned VM

 LAB 4

Exploring Cloud Services provided by Google.

Step 1: First, we are required to navigate to the following

link: https://cloud.google.com/gcp/

Step 2: On the next screen, we need to click on 'Get started for free', as shown below:

Step 3: Next, we are required to login to the Google Account. We can use the 'create
an account' button if we don't have an existing Google account.
Step 4: Once we have logged in, we will get to the following screen:
Here, we must select the Country, agree to the Terms of Service, and then click on the
'CONTINUE' button.

Step 5: On the next screen, we have to enter some necessary details such as name and
address details. Also, we have to enter payment details like the method of payments
and credit card details. After filling all the details, we need to click on the button
'START MY FREE TRIAL' from the bottom of the page:
Step 6: Google asks for the confirmation to use the credit card for the small deduction
to ensure that the card information is correct. However, the amount is refunded back
to the same account. Here, we need to click on the 'CONTINUE' button:

Step 7: On the next screen, we must click on the 'GO TO CONSOLE' button:

After clicking on the 'GO TO CONSOLE' button, we will be redirected to the

Dashboard that includes a summary of GCP services along with projects and other
insights. It looks like this:
To be specific, a Dashboards of GCP displays the summarized view of the followings:

o Project Info: contains project details such as project name, ID, and number.
o Resources: contains a list of resources being used in the related project.
o APIs: contains various API requests running with the project (in request/sec
form).
o Google Cloud Platform Status: displays an overall summary of services that
are part of GCP.
o Monitoring: displays alerts, performance stats, Uptime, etc. to ensure that
systems are running reliably.
o Error Reporting: displays errors occurring in the projects, but it needs to be
configured first.
o Trace: displays latency data of existing applications across a distributed tracing
system.
o Compute Engine: displays the insights of CPU usage in percentage (%).
o Tutorials: contains Getting Started guides (basic guides) to explain how the
GCP features work.
o News: displays news and other important updates regarding Google Cloud
Platform.
o Documentation: contains in-depth guides to teach more about Compute
Engine, Cloud Storage, and App Engine.
 LAB 5
Setting up a private cloud using Open-Source tools
(Eucalyptus/Open Stack etc.).

Setting Virtual Private Cloud Using Eucalyptus

A virtual private cloud (VPC) is essentially a pool of shared resources hosted

within a public cloud. By building a VPC, we can create different virtual
machines. Eucalyptusis a platform that aids in the creation of cloud services. It
is used by several cloud service providers, notably Amazon, to deliver cloud
services. In this article we will find out how to set up a VPC using Eucalyptus.
Start
 Install Linux / Windows operating system within a Virtual Machine.
 Download ISO image file of Eucalyptus from https://drive.google.com
/file/d/1UION-home5vZWmjJWXXAq17k7Gg6DXjz/view.
 Install this iso image within virtual machine
 Choose CentOS 6 with Eucalyptus Cloud-in-a-box.
 Figure 1: Installation

While installing the OS, note the user name and password. Restart the machine
once the installation is done and log into it.
Figure 2: Login screen
Now choose the Eucalyptus user control from the desktop, and use the login details

Figure 3: Desktop screen

Figure 4: Log in to Eucalyptus

 Figure 5: Eucalyptus home page

Figure 6: Creating an instance

Now create a VM as shown in Figure 6. Then SSH into the machine as shown in
Figure 7 and carry on any activity as if it is an independent computer. As an example,
Figure 8 shows how to create a file in the virtual machine we built.

Figure 7: SSH into created instance

Figure 8: Creating a file in the created instance

 LAB 6

Creating Account on Github and using Gitub storage cloud for hosting a static
website

1. Creating Github Account

1. Open https://github.com in a web browser, and then select Signup.

2. Enter your email address.

3. Create a password for your new GitHub account, and Enter ausername,
too. Next, choose whether you want to receive updates and
announcements via email, and then
select Continue.
4. Verify your account by solving a puzzle. Select the StartPuzzle
button to do so, and then follow the prompts.
5. After you verify your account, select the Create account button.
6. Next, GitHub sends a launch code to your email address. Typethat
launch code in the Enter code dialog, and then
press Enter.
7. GitHub asks you some questions to help tailor your
experience.Choose the answers that apply to you in the
following dialogs:
o How many team members will be working with you?
o What specific features are you interested in using?
8. On the Where teams collaborate and ship screen, you
can choose whether you want to use the Free account or
the Teamaccount. To choose the Free account, select
the Skip personalization button.
Congratulations! You've successfully created yourGitHub account.

2. Hosting Static website on Github

Hello

Step 1: Create a GitHub account

The first step is to create a GitHub account if you don’t have one already. You can
create an account for free on the GitHub website.

If you already have one then do github login to your account.

Step 2: Create a new repository

Next, you need to create a new repository to host your website. To create a new
repository, click on the “Create repository” button on your left section after the new
registration. You can also do it by clicking on the “new” button on your GitHub
Dashboard. Give your repository a name that corresponds to your username. For
example, if your website is called “username”, name your
repository “username.github.io”.
Give the description of the website you are creating and then click on “create
repository” button.

Name the repository as your username.github.io

Step 3: Create an index.html file and a web.css file

To create a website, you need an HTML file that contains the content of your website.
You can create a new HTML file using a text editor like Visual Studio Code or
Notepad. Save the file as “index.html” in your local repository.

Or

Click on ” creating new file” or “new file” to create a new file and name the created
file.
Create new file

Name the file with the “.html” extension so that you can add the HTML code for your
website. Add the code for your website below in the edit section.
Create index.html and add the HTML code for your website

Add a description and “Commit changes” button so that your code gets added and
saved on GitHub.

commit the HTML code

Add the CSS code for your website by doing the same process as above and then add a
description and click on the “Commit changes” button.
Create index.html and add the CSS code for your website

Commit the CSS code

Step 4: Enable GitHub Pages

After pushing your code to your repository, you need to enable GitHub Pages for your
repository. To do this, navigate to your repository on GitHub and click on
the “Settings” tab. Scroll down to the “Pages” section from the left section.

Go to pages in the left section in the settings

Step 5: Visit your website

Once GitHub Pages are enabled for your repository, your website is now live! You can
visit your website by navigating to https://your-username.github.io/ in your web
browser. It might take a few moments for the changes to propagate and for your website
to be accessible.
Visit your hosted site

Your site is hosted on GitHub

 LAB 7
Using Python-anywhere SaaS cloud service for Hosting dynamic
Django-Python website

Deploying Django App with PythonAnywhere

1. Create a pythonanywhere account

2. Upload your code to PythonAnywhere
3. Set up a virtualenv and install Django and any other requirements
4. Set up your web app using the manual config option
5. Add any other setup (static files, environment variables etc)

Step 1. Create your login.

Free account of pythonanywere.com only allows hosting of one website in the freebie
account
Step 2. In the dashboard, open a bash terminal.

Clone your repo from github.

Step 3. Create a virtual environment

 Create virtual environment

Add all your dependencies in the virtual environment

Activate the environment Install necessary packages - Check Python Version

Migrate django database and Test your app locally (optional)

 Migrate app

Step 4. In the Web console, click on Add a new webapp and follow these steps
 Edit the highlighted file

Uncomment Django section and add the appropriate paths.

With this all this complete you should be able to see your app accessible through
your pythonanywere.com domain.