Project Report
“Snake Game Using Java”
SR Name of Student Enroll No
1 Ganage Aditya Appa 2210730060
2 Pawar Pravin Nandu 2210730058
3 Bhosale Nikita Mahesh 2210730057
*Indira Institute of Diploma&Engg College Sasure (Vairag)*
Dept:- Computer
Sub:-AGP
Guidance of
Mr.Gavali.P.D
Snake Game in Java
Java, with its robust object-oriented programming capabilities, has been a popular choice for game
development. One classic game that serves as an excellent project for Java enthusiasts is the Snake game.
In this section, we will explore the intricacies of building a Snake game in Java, from the basic mechanics
to advanced features and optimizations.
Introduction to the Snake Game
The Snake game is a simple yet addictive classic that dates back to the arcade era. The player controls a
snake that moves around the screen, consuming food items to grow longer. The primary challenge lies in
avoiding collisions with the snake's own body and the boundaries of the game window. The game intensifies
as the snake grows, making manoeuvring increasingly tricky.
Development of Java Sname game
The size of each of the joints of a snake is 10 px. The snake is controlled with the cursor keys.
Initially, the snake has three joints. If the game is finished, the "Game Over" message is
displayed in the middle of the board.
Programing Code :--
package com.zetcode;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
public class Board extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
private final int B_WIDTH = 300;
private final int B_HEIGHT = 300;
private final int DOT_SIZE = 10;
private final int ALL_DOTS = 900;
private final int RAND_POS = 29;
private final int DELAY = 140;
private final int x[] = new int[ALL_DOTS];
private final int y[] = new int[ALL_DOTS];
private int dots;
private int apple_x;
private int apple_y;
private boolean leftDirection = false;
private boolean rightDirection = true;
private boolean upDirection = false;
private boolean downDirection = false;
private boolean inGame = true;
private Timer timer;
private Image ball;
private Image apple;
private Image head;
public Board() {
initBoard();
}
private void initBoard() {
addKeyListener(new TAdapter());
setBackground(Color.black);
setFocusable(true);
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(B_WIDTH, B_HEIGHT));
loadImages();
initGame();
}
private void loadImages() {
ImageIcon iid = new ImageIcon("src/resources/dot.png");
ball = iid.getImage();
ImageIcon iia = new ImageIcon("src/resources/apple.png");
apple = iia.getImage();
ImageIcon iih = new ImageIcon("src/resources/head.png");
head = iih.getImage();
}
private void initGame() {
dots = 3;
for (int z = 0; z < dots; z++) {
x[z] = 50 - z * 10;
y[z] = 50;
}
locateApple();
timer = new Timer(DELAY, this);
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
doDrawing(g);
}
private void doDrawing(Graphics g) {
if (inGame) {
g.drawImage(apple, apple_x, apple_y, this);
for (int z = 0; z < dots; z++) {
if (z == 0) {
g.drawImage(head, x[z], y[z], this);
} else {
g.drawImage(ball, x[z], y[z], this);
}
}
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
} else {
gameOver(g);
}
}
private void gameOver(Graphics g) {
String msg = "Game Over";
Font small = new Font("Helvetica", Font.BOLD, 14);
FontMetrics metr = getFontMetrics(small);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(small);
g.drawString(msg, (B_WIDTH - metr.stringWidth(msg)) / 2, B_HEIGHT / 2);
}
private void checkApple() {
if ((x[0] == apple_x) && (y[0] == apple_y)) {
dots++;
locateApple();
}
}
private void move() {
for (int z = dots; z > 0; z--) {
x[z] = x[(z - 1)];
y[z] = y[(z - 1)];
}
if (leftDirection) {
x[0] -= DOT_SIZE;
}
if (rightDirection) {
x[0] += DOT_SIZE;
}
if (upDirection) {
y[0] -= DOT_SIZE;
}
if (downDirection) {
y[0] += DOT_SIZE;
}
}
private void checkCollision() {
for (int z = dots; z > 0; z--) {
if ((z > 4) && (x[0] == x[z]) && (y[0] == y[z])) {
inGame = false;
}
}
if (y[0] >= B_HEIGHT) {
inGame = false;
}
if (y[0] < 0) {
inGame = false;
}
if (x[0] >= B_WIDTH) {
inGame = false;
}
if (x[0] < 0) {
inGame = false;
}
if (!inGame) {
timer.stop();
}
}
private void locateApple() {
int r = (int) (Math.random() * RAND_POS);
apple_x = ((r * DOT_SIZE));
r = (int) (Math.random() * RAND_POS);
apple_y = ((r * DOT_SIZE));
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (inGame) {
checkApple();
checkCollision();
move();
}
repaint();
}
private class TAdapter extends KeyAdapter {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int key = e.getKeyCode();
if ((key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) && (!rightDirection)) {
leftDirection = true;
upDirection = false;
downDirection = false;
}
if ((key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) && (!leftDirection)) {
rightDirection = true;
upDirection = false;
downDirection = false;
}
if ((key == KeyEvent.VK_UP) && (!downDirection)) {
upDirection = true;
rightDirection = false;
leftDirection = false;
}
if ((key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) && (!upDirection)) {
downDirection = true;
rightDirection = false;
leftDirection = false;
}
}
}
}
1.
Play Video
First we will define the constants used in our game.
private final int B_WIDTH = 300;
private final int B_HEIGHT = 300;
private final int DOT_SIZE = 10;
private final int ALL_DOTS = 900;
private final int RAND_POS = 29;
private final int DELAY = 140;
The B_WIDTH and B_HEIGHT constants determine the size of the board. The DOT_SIZE is the size of
the apple and the dot of the snake. The ALL_DOTS constant defines the maximum number of
possible dots on the board (900 = (300*300)/(10*10)). The RAND_POS constant is used to
calculate a random position for an apple. The DELAY constant determines the speed of the
game.
private final int x[] = new int[ALL_DOTS];
private final int y[] = new int[ALL_DOTS];
These two arrays store the x and y coordinates of all joints of a snake.
private void loadImages() {
ImageIcon iid = new ImageIcon("src/resources/dot.png");
ball = iid.getImage();
ImageIcon iia = new ImageIcon("src/resources/apple.png");
apple = iia.getImage();
ImageIcon iih = new ImageIcon("src/resources/head.png");
head = iih.getImage();
}
In the loadImages() method we get the images for the game. The ImageIcon class is used for
displaying PNG images.
private void initGame() {
dots = 3;
for (int z = 0; z < dots; z++) {
x[z] = 50 - z * 10;
y[z] = 50;
}
locateApple();
timer = new Timer(DELAY, this);
timer.start();
}
In the initGame() method we create the snake, randomly locate an apple on the board, and start
the timer.
private void checkApple() {
if ((x[0] == apple_x) && (y[0] == apple_y)) {
dots++;
locateApple();
}
}
If the apple collides with the head, we increase the number of joints of the snake. We call
the locateApple() method which randomly positions a new apple object.
In the move() method we have the key algorithm of the game. To understand it, look at how the
snake is moving. We control the head of the snake. We can change its direction with the
cursor keys. The rest of the joints move one position up the chain. The second joint moves
where the first was, the third joint where the second was etc.
for (int z = dots; z > 0; z--) {
x[z] = x[(z - 1)];
y[z] = y[(z - 1)];
}
This code moves the joints up the chain.
if (leftDirection) {
x[0] -= DOT_SIZE;
}
This line moves the head to the left.
In the checkCollision() method, we determine if the snake has hit itself or one of the walls.
for (int z = dots; z > 0; z--) {
if ((z > 4) && (x[0] == x[z]) && (y[0] == y[z])) {
inGame = false;
}
}
If the snake hits one of its joints with its head the game is over.
if (y[0] >= B_HEIGHT) {
inGame = false;
}
The game is finished if the snake hits the bottom of the board.
Snake.java
package com.zetcode;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class Snake extends JFrame {
public Snake() {
initUI();
}
private void initUI() {
add(new Board());
setResizable(false);
pack();
setTitle("Snake");
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
JFrame ex = new Snake();
ex.setVisible(true);
});
}
}
This is the main class.
setResizable(false);
pack();
The setResizable() method affects the insets of the JFrame container on some platforms.
Therefore, it is important to call it before the pack() method. Otherwise, the collision of the
snake's head with the right and bottom borders might not work correctly.
Output:-
