Eclipse Memory Analyzer

… and other Java stuff

Jan Rehwaldt
1. Juli 2013
 JVM Tool Interface

PROFILING IN THE JVM

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 JVM Tool Interface
• Comprehensive interface for programming
and monitoring tools (≥ JDK 4; before: JVM PI + DI)

• Allows inspecting state and control execution

of applications run in the JVM
• Support for profiling, debugging, monitoring,
thread analysis, and coverage analysis tools, ...

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 Profiling in the JVM
• JDK tools
– jmap, jinfo, jps, jstack, jconsole, jvisualvm, ...

• Comprehensive Profiling Tools

– VisualVM (free; included with ≥ JDK 6u7; lightwight)
– NetBeans profiler (free; embedded in IDE)
– YourKit (free for open-source projects)
– JProfiler (free for open-source projects)
– JProbe, Spring Insight, ... http://java-source.net/open-source/profilers

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 Profiling in the JVM: VisualVM

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 Profiling in the JVM: VisualVM

Profiling using instrumentation

Package-level restriction
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 Profiling in the JVM: VisualVM
Statistics (JVM, GC, …)
Thread Monitoring
Sampling
Profiling
Tracer (BTrace)
Heap Dump Analysis

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 ECLIPSE MEMORY ANALYZER

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 Eclipse Memory Analyzer
• Show memory structure of Java programs
• Not while runtime, but generally based on
heap dumps
– often post-mortem
– hprof file generated by Oracle JVM (experimental format)
– phd file generated by IBM JVM

• Donated by SAP; Contributed to by IBM

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 Eclipse Memory Analyzer – when?

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 Heap dump
• jmap (included in JDK)
– jmap -dump:format=b <pid>
• Aquire heap dump (inside Eclipse Memory Analyzer; uses jmap)

• On OutOfMemory (flag: -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError)

• On [Ctrl]+[Break] (flag: -XX:+HeapDumpOnCtrlBreak; ≥ JDK 5u7)

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 Eclipse Memory Analyzer – when?
• Helps:
– Find memory wasting datastructures
– Indicate misuse of Java datatypes
– Find memory leaks
– Improve code by checking impacts of refactorings
by comparing heap dumps
– Understand memory consumption of code

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 Eclipse Memory Analyzer – when not?
• Does not help:
– Threading issues, wrong / missing variable
assignments and other debuggable problems: No
debugging or stepping
– Where has an object been created?
– Analyze JVM‘s memory footprint.

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 Demo: MAT Roundtrip
#ID Sex Culture Forename Surname Address …
1 M Unk Jan Rehwaldt Pusemukkel 4 …
2 M Eng James Albright …
3 F Rus Svetlana Dyakonova Newski Prospekt 106 …
4 M Est Epp Sibul Uus 20 …
5 F Rus Sveta D. Newskoi P. 106 …
6 Usa Mr. Nobel Prize NSA Headquarter …
7 J Usa Mr. Obama The White House …
8 Eng Jamie Albritt Unknown …
9 M Por Sebastian Serano Rosa Carreras …
10 F Por Ana Abílio Heaven 9 …
11 F Ger Jahn Rehfeld Pusem. 4a …
12 F Eng Rita Brown Trafalgar Square 13 …
13 M Unk AddressJanukowitz
Mirko Deduplication
Kirsi 6 …
… … … … … … …
1Mio. F Ukr Susanne Mirkowitsch Dom Spasibo ul.
1. Juli 2013 Jan Rehwaldt | Software Profiling 16
 Demo: MAT Roundtrip
#ID Sex Culture Forename Surname Address …
1 M Unk Jan Rehwaldt Pusemukkel 4 …
2 M Eng James Albright …
3 F Rus Svetlana Dyakonova Newski Prospekt 106 …
4 M Est Epp Sibul Uus 20 …
5 F Rus Sveta D. Newskoi P. 106 …
6 Usa Mr. Nobel Prize NSA Headquarter …
7 J Usa Mr. Obama The White House …
8 Eng Jamie Albritt Unknown …
9 M Por Sebastian Serano Rosa Carreras …
10 F Por Ana Abílio Heaven 9 …
11 F Ger Jahn Rehfeld Pusem. 4a …
12 F Eng Rita Brown Trafalgar Square 13 …
13 M Unk Grouping
Mirko Approach
Janukowitz Kirsi 6 …
… … … … … … …
1Mio. F Ukr Susanne Mirkowitsch Dom Spasibo ul.
1. Juli 2013 Jan Rehwaldt | Software Profiling 17
 Leak Suspect

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 Dominator Tree

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 Component Report

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 Possible Memory Waste

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 Object Query Language (OQL)

All GroupingPartitions
with a partition filled max. 20%

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 Pros and Cons
• Pros
– Very (most?!) powerful and comprehensive
– Provides hints for memory wastes

• Cons
– Very complicated handling
– A lot of memory required

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 Sources
• http://eclipsesource.com/blogs/2013/01/21/1
0-tips-for-using-the-eclipse-memory-analyzer/
• http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/n
utsandbolts/datatypes.html
• MAT Tutorials & Cheat Sheet
• Trail & Error

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