It is better to go with the design that

have a minimum product because

when we have many products The
result may lead to failure
 Think about product which is not only going
to help as an organization but also the
customers will demanded it

Thinks about alternatives and choose the best

of them
You’re going to evaluate alternatives based on
the requirements and demands you going to
test it against the customer demands
 done at the same time you have to do the development
simultaneous
Form the Time of development until The time
of selling and Should includes all
departments working together

What typical benefit do we geat if we implement

Concurrent engineering?
 Is a structure and approach in order to make sure that you are
making customer satisfaction higher in order to read your
organisation goals

What dose DMADV stand for?

The first step is that you need to develop an idea This idea will result two
things: 1/ innovation 2/creativity
You constantly doing it
 Now you need to look at the specification Of the
product from every angle

Your design is easily understandable and approachable by people

Ex: Example: Imagine a toy car with detachable wheels. A good design would ensure that each wheel can be removed or replaced independently. If
one wheel gets damaged or stuck, it should not affect the functionality of the other wheels. Each wheel can be operated independently, allowing the
toy car to move smoothly even if one wheel encounters a problem

Example: Let's consider a children's puzzle. A good design would follow the information axiom by
keeping the puzzle pieces simple and easy to understand. The pieces should have clear shapes and
colors that match the corresponding spaces on the puzzle board. By minimizing complexity, the puzzle
becomes more accessible to young children, allowing them to solve it with ease and enjoyment.
There’s two important point 1) you need to do this things Voice of the customer throughout the
organisation, what ever you are producing make sure in the complete Organisation with voice of
customer 2) it’s It help With communication
How you will identify customer requirement ? And by using the voice of customer data such Ex 1: Let's say we're making a new toy car. We would ask kids what features they would like in the
as surveys toy car, such as cool colors, the ability to go really fast, or even making sound effects.

Ex2:For the toy car, the technical requirements

Why do I need technical
could include using strong materials to make it
requirements ? In order to make
durable, adding a small motor to make it go fast,
foundation of my product and
and using colorful paint to make it look cool.
service

Ex3: If the kids want the toy car to go really fast, we can relate that to the
Is to compare the customer requirement with technical
technical requirement of adding a powerful motor. So, we know that to make it go
requirement
fast, we need a strong motor.

You’re going to evaluate your product Ex4: We would look at other toy cars in the market and see what features they have. We
with competitors might find that some cars have cool designs or extra features like lights or sounds. This helps
us figure out what we can do differently or better with our toy car.

Ex5:We might set a target to make our toy car have a really strong motor that can
make it go faster than any other toy car in the market. We also set a goal to make it
very durable so it doesn't break easily.

You need to understand which Ex6:We decide that the most important things for our toy car are the
requirement you’re going to strong motor for speed and the durable materials to make it last. These
focus on the customer or the will be the main focus of our production process.
technical Or both
 Ideal dimensions

The criteria which is acceptable

for you to have some variant
 Recognizing the difficulty to meet the target consistently
This people whic having consistently have an acceptable range if there is
any variant in your manufacturing for example from 0 to 3 that is
acceptable but if any variant is above the range than there is a loss
 The larger the
variation the larger the
cost of manufacturing
Ex1: Imagine you have a toy robot that is reliable. It means there
is a high probability that the robot will do what it's supposed to
do, like walk, talk, and light up, without any malfunctions.

Ex2:Think about a toy car. If it's reliable, it means you can play with it
Maximum time period of for a long time without it breaking or the wheels falling off. It should keep
consumption running smoothly and giving you lots of fun playtime.

Taype of usage
 Ex:Let's say you have a new toy car. If it has a functional failure, it means that when you try to use
it, the wheels don't turn, or the car doesn't move at all. This happens because there was a mistake in
how the toy car was made, like a missing part or a problem with the motor inside.

Ex:Imagine you have a bicycle. If it has a reliability failure, it means that after riding it for some
time, the chain keeps falling off, or the brakes become less effective. The bicycle worked well
when it was new, but over time, parts might wear out or become damaged, leading to a decrease
in performance or complete failure.
Ex: the car's inherent reliability could be influenced by the choice of durable materials, robust engineering, and advanced safety systems.

Ex:
The achieved reliability may be influenced by factors like how the car was assembled, the
quality control measures in place during manufacturing, the regularity and effectiveness of
maintenance, and the driving habits of the owner.
Imagine you have a toy that you play with every day. Over time, that toy might break or stop working. The number of times it breaks or stops working in a certain amount of time is called the failure rate.For example, if your toy breaks
once every 100 days, that means its failure rate is 1 failure every 100 days. The failure rate tells us how often the toy is likely to break or stop working.
Now, let's say you have a toy that you can't fix when it breaks. Instead, you have to get a new one. The average amount of time the toy works before it breaks is called the Mean Time to Failure (MTTF). For example, if the MTTF of
your toy is 1,000 days, that means, on average, the toy will work for 1,000 days before it breaks and you need to get a new one.
But what if you have a toy that you can fix when it breaks? In that case, we use something called the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) instead of MTTF.
The MTBF tells us the average amount of time between when the toy breaks and when it breaks again after you fix it. For example, if the MTBF of your toy is 500 days, that means, on average, the toy will work for 500 days before
it breaks, then you can fix it, and it will work for another 500 days before it breaks again. , in summary: - Failure rate (λ) is how often the toy breaks - MTTF is the average time a toy works before it breaks and can't be fixed - MTBF
is the average time between when a toy breaks and when it breaks again after being fixed
 3. Increasing failure rate at the end:
- As the computer gets older and you use it more and more, the internal components
start to wear out.
1. High failure rate at the beginning:
- The hard drive might start to fail, the RAM might become faulty, and the processor
- When you first get a new computer, it might have some
might slow down.
bugs or issues that cause it to crash or freeze a lot.
- The failure rate starts to increase as the computer gets closer to the end of its useful
- The failure rate, or the number of times the computer
life.
malfunctions, is really high in the beginning as it's getting set
up and configured.

2. Steady, constant failure rate in the middle:

- After the initial setup and any bugs are worked out, the computer settles into a more stable
period.
- The failure rate becomes more constant and predictable, with the computer running smoothly
most of the time.
 For example, let's say you have a toy car, a toy house, and a toy tree. In order for the whole playset to work, all three of those toys need to be working properly. If the car breaks, or the house
falls apart, or the tree stops standing up, then the whole playset is ruined! This is what we call a "series system" - all the different parts have to be working for the whole system to work.
Now, let's say each individual toy has its own reliability. The car might be 80% reliable, the house might be 90% reliable, and the tree might be 85% reliable. The reliability of the whole playset
is the product of all those individual reliabilities. So in this case, the reliability of the whole playset would be: 80% x 90% x 85% = 61.2%
That means the chances of the whole playset working properly is only 61.2%. If one of the toys breaks, the whole thing stops working.
It's kind of like a chain - if one link is weak, the whole chain isn't as strong. The reliability of the series system is only as good as the least reliable part. So if you want your playset to be more
reliable, you need to make sure all the individual toys are as reliable as possible. That way, the whole system will have a better chance of working properly.
 For example, let's say you have three toy cars that you can use to play with. You don't
need all three cars to work - as long as one of them is working, you can still play with the
whole set. This is what we call a "parallel system" - there's redundancy, where you have
multiple components that can do the same job. As long as one of them is working, the
whole system will work let's say each individual car has its own reliability. One car might
be 80% reliable, another might be 90% reliable, and the third might be 85% reliable
The reliability of the whole parallel system is different from the series system we talked
about before. In a parallel system, the reliability is calculated by subtracting the product
of the individual unreliabilities from 1. So in this case, the reliability of the parallel system
would be: 1 - (0.2 x 0.1 x 0.15) = 1 - 0.003 = 99.7% That means the chances of at
least one of the cars working is 99.7%! Even if one or two of the cars aren't working,
as long as one of them is, the whole system will still work. This is really helpful for
important systems that need to be really reliable, like computers or medical equipment. If
one part breaks, there's a backup that can take over, so the whole system keeps working.
Imagine you have a desktop computer that is made up of a few main components: 1. The Power Supply 2.
The Motherboard- CPU - RAM - Graphics Card 3. The Hard Drive The overall computer system is a
series-parallel setup: 1. The Power Supply is a single component, so it's a series element. 2. The
Motherboard is a parallel subsystem, because the CPU, RAM, and Graphics Card can all function
independently. As long as one of those three components is working, the motherboard will still function. 3.
The Hard Drive is a single component, so it's another series element. So the full computer system can be
broken down like this: - Series: Power Supply - Parallel: Motherboard (CPU, RAM, Graphics Card) -
Series: Hard Drive Now let's say we know the individual reliabilities of each component:- Power Supply:
90% reliable- CPU: 95% reliable - RAM: 92% reliable - Graphics Card: 90% reliable - Hard Drive:
88% reliable
To calculate the overall reliability of the computer system, we work from the bottom up: 1. Motherboard
reliability = 1 - (0.05 x 0.08 x 0.10) = 97.6% 2. Computer system reliability = 90% x 97.6% x 88%
= 76.3% So the overall reliability of this computer system is around 76.3%. Even though some
components are in parallel and others are in series, we can break it down step-by-step to find the final
reliability.
Is the most critical stage which is going to help us which techniques do we need to use, which Reliability data do
we need add something or substituted or redesign it
The most important thing

The accurate idea dimension of

any product

To make a robust smartphone design, Design of Experiments:

- They might try different materials for the screen to see which one is the most scratch-resistant. - They might test different shock-
absorbing designs for the phone's body to see which one can best handle drops.Minimizing Failures: - They'd work hard to make sure the
phone's internal components are protected from things like dust or moisture that could cause problems.- They'd design the software to be
able to recover quickly if an app crashes or the phone freezes up.
You’re going to check what Are the ways by which any failure
defect my occurs
Ex:Fault Tree Analysis is a way to figure out what might go wrong with something and how that could happen.
It's kind of like a special tree diagram that shows all the possible problems that could lead to a big problem.
Imagine you have a really awesome remote control car that you love to play with. But one day, it suddenly
stops working! That would be a big problem, right? To figure out what caused the car to stop working, you
could draw a "fault tree" to help you see all the different things that might have gone wrong. it would show all
the possible reasons the car stopped working.At the top of the tree, you'd have the big problem - the car not
working. Then, underneath that, you'd have all the different things that could have caused that problem.
Maybe the battery died, or the remote control stopped working, or something inside the car broke. it uses
special symbols to show how these problems are connected. There are "and" gates and "or" gates. The "and"
gates mean that all of the problems below it have to happen for the big problem at the top to happen. So if the
battery died AND the remote control stopped working, then the car wouldn't work. The "or" gates mean that
any one of the problems below it could cause the big problem at the top. So if the battery died OR something
inside the car broke, then the car wouldn't work.
In order to maintain the quality
What are the highest level
scenarios do we need
To bring back easy affordable
product repair
 You need to check what are the things are done
appropriately into nominal dimension

‫تقليل الكوست من دون ما تاثر على‬

‫الكوالتي‬
The review of it either is it accurate or no

Life Testing - They'd let a bunch of kids ride the bike every day until the tires wear out or the brakes stop working. This shows how long the bike can
last with normal use.
Accelerated Life Testing - They might have a special testing machine that makes the bike pedal super fast or hit big jumps over and over. This shows
how the bike holds up under really tough conditions.
Highly Accelerated Life Testing - They might put the bike in a room that gets really hot and cold, or shake it around a lot to see if any small parts start
to break or come loose. This helps them find any hidden problems.