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Spring Data JPA
Spring Data JPA is a powerful library within the spring framework that makes data
access in Java applications using JPA (Java Persistence API) much easier and more
efficient.
Purpose:
o Simplifies working with relational databases in your spring applications.
o Eliminates the need for writing boilerplate code for basic CRUD
(Create, Read, Update, and Delete) operations and complex queries.
Spring Data JPA will provide implementation for all DAO operations using Proxy
Design Pattern.
Benefits:
Improved developer experience:
o Focus on the business logic of your application instead of data access details.
Increased productivity:
o Faster development cycles due to simplified data access methods.
Automatic entity mapping:
o Spring Data JPA automatically maps your POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects) to
database tables based on annotations and conventions, saving you time and
effort.
Support for complex queries:
o While providing convenience for basic operations, Spring Data JPA still allows
for building complex queries using JPA's Criteria API or QueryDSL for specific
needs.
Reduced boilerplate code:
o The Spring Data JPA provides the default implementation for common
methods by its repository interfaces.
o No more manual creation of DAOs (Data Access Objects) or writing extensive
SQL queries.
Spring Data JPA we can execute queries in 3 ways
o Using Pre-defined Methods (Repository in built methods)
o By Writing findBy Methods (Spring DSL)
o By Writing custom Queries (@Query)
How it works:
Create Java classes annotated with JPA annotations to represent your database
entities.
Define repository interfaces extending Spring Data JPA interfaces
like JpaRepository or CrudRepository.
Spring Data JPA automatically generates implementations for these interfaces at
runtime, handling data access logic based on the methods you define.
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Database Connection Properties:
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/devflipkart?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=India@123
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
JPA Annotations:
1. @Entity:
The java class which represents DB Table structure is called as Entity class
The class which is mapped with DB Table is called as Entity Class
It is class level annotation
It is mandatory annotation
2. @Table:
It is used to map class name to particular name
It is class level annotation
It is optional annotation
If @Table is not mentioned then SB Data considers our class name as table
name
3. @Id:
It is represent variable which mapped with PK
It is field level annotation
It is mandatory annotation
4. @Column:
It is used to map entity class variable name with table column name
It is field level annotation
It is optional annotation
If we don't use @Column, SB data will consider variable name as column
name
5. @GeneratedValue (strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
It is database dependent
Doesn't support for Oracle
Supports for MySQL
Schema Generation
ORM frameworks are having support to generate schema in runtime
ORM frameworks can create table and can create sequence in runtime required for
app
By Default, Schema Generation mode will be OFF
To enable schema generation, we will use ddl-auto property
o spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create/create-drop/update
We have several possible values for ddl-auto property
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o Create
o Create-drop
o Update
o Validate
o None
create: means every time new table will be created
create-drop: it creates table and drops table at end of operation
update: If table is not available it will create if table is already available it will just
perform operation
validate: It is used to validate schema details
Domain Specific Language (DSL):
Spring data JPA not only provides implementation for commonly used methods but
also provides a way to add custom methods.
Spring Data JPA QueryDSL:
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Development Steps
1. Create Spring Boot Project
a. groupid : com.javaexpress
b. artifactid : any name
c. version : Java 17
d. Type : maven
e. Packaging : jar
f. Language: java
2. Add two dependencies
a. Spring-boot-starter-data-jpa
b. MySQL-connector-j driver
3. Add Database properties in application.properties file
4. Create model package
a. Add Model Class
5. Create repository package
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a. Add repository interface
6. Do operations in main methods
Maven Dependencies:
Database Properties
Project Structure
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Model Class
Repository Interface
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Main Method Logic
