HEALTH WEEK 3
MELC: Demonstrates appropriate bandaging techniques for unintentional injuries
Here is what you need to know…
A dressing is a piece of sterile cloth that covers a wound to prevent infection and/or to stop bleeding.
Techniques in Applying a Dressing
1. Wash hands and wear gloves, if possible.
2. Unwrap the dressing as close to the wound as possible. Be sure not to touch the wound.
3. Skin is not sterile. If the dressing slips over the victim’s skin while you are trying to position it, discard and use a fresh one.
4. Place the dressing over the wound.
5. Use a dressing that is large enough to extend at least 1 inch beyond the edges of the wound.
6. If body tissue or organs are exposed, cover the wound with a dressing that will stick.
7. Then secure the dressing with a bandage or adhesive tape.
Cold compress is used to reduce swelling and relieve pain, especially used for sprains and strains. Cold packs can
be used as cold compress. Hot compress is also used to allow normal blood circulation. Cold and hot compress are
applied alternately for closed wounds or contusions.
Bandages are used to apply pressure to bleeding, for covering wounds and burns, and providing support for
immobilization for broken bones, sprains and strains. There are three main types of bandages namely: triangular,
ace, and tubular. Triangular bandages is made from cloth and can be used as cold compress, padding, support for
pressure, or support sling. Ace bandage secures dressings in place. Tubular bandage is used to support joints or hold
dressings in place. Smaller tubular bandage used for finger injuries.
Two Phases of Bandaging
A. An open phase bandaging is used for wounds on top and back of the head, chest, back, hand, and foot, and as arm
sling.
B. A cravat phase bandaging is used for wounds that need extra support like wound on the eye, forehead, ear, cheek,
jaw, shoulder, hip, arm, leg, elbow, knee, and palm and for a sprained ankle. The narrower the cravat is, the greater
prssure it will give.
Techniques in Bandaging
1. Keep in mind the following:
a. Always use a square knot.
b. Keep the cloth sterile to avoid infection.
c. Always keep the ends.
2. Bandaging technique depends upon the size and location of the wound, your first aid skills, and materials at hand.
3. Bandage firmly over bleeding and securely over the broken bone, not so tight so as not to cut off blood circulation.
4. When wrapping bandages around the body, such as knees, ankles, neck and small back, use its natural hollows to
slide the bandage gently into place.
5. Since most injuries swell, check regularly to ensure that the bandage is still comfortable and that it remains firmly
secured.
6. Secure the bandage with a tape, clips or a bow or square knot. Ensure that the bandages, especially the knots, do
not touch the skin.
A wound is a break in the continuity of a tissue in the body. It may be closed in which there is no break or damage in
the skin. It is also called hematoma or contusions. A wound may also be an open wound in which there is a break in the
skin.
Kinds of Wounds
1. Puncture- a piercing wound caused by nails, needles and other pointed objects.
2. Abrasion- caused by rubbing or scraping the skin against a rough surface.
3. Incision- a cut caused by knife, broken glass or any sharp object.
4. Laceration- a blunt breaking or tearing of soft tissues usually resulting from mishandling tools and other accidents.
5. Avulsion- a forcible tearing or partial tearing aways of tissues.
How to manage Wounds:
A. For management of hematoma, we use the mneumonic RICE:
1. Resting the injured part
2. Ice application
3. Compression
4. Elevation
B. First Aid Open Wounds with Severe Bleeding
1. Wear gloves and remove or cut clothing as necessary to expose wound.
2. Control bleeding by applying direct pressure.
3. Elevate the injured part above the heart except for eye injury and wound with embedded object.
4. Cover wound with sterile dressing and bandage.
5. Care for shock.
6. Consult a physician immediately.
HEALTH WEEK 3
MELC: Demonstrates appropriate bandaging techniques for unintentional injuries
Name: ____________________________ Score: _______________________
Grade and Section: _______________ Subject Teacher: _____________
(Sa tulong ng WHLP at module, gawin ang tasks at gamitin ito bilang sagutang papel. Huwag kakalimutang lagyan ng iyong pangalan.)
Learning task 1: Choose from the pictures below the correct type of bandaging for to the specified injuries
______1. An incision on a chest.
______2. An abrasion on a cheek
______3. A puncture on a foot
______4. A laceration on the arms
______5. An avulsion on the head
Learning task 2: Arrange the scrambled letters in Column A to form words related to first aid. Connect them to their correct
definition or purpose in Column B.
Column A Column B
________________1. SINGDERS • • A. a sterile cloth used to cover wounds
________________2. CLOD PRESSCOM • • B. used to reduce swelling
________________3. OLDC DAP • • C. can be used as cold compress
________________4. NABGADES • • D. used to apply pressure to stop bleeding
________________5. DOUNW • • E. the end of the bone is displaced
________________6. BRUN • • F. a broken bone
________________7. SPARINS • • G. ligaments are torn
________________8. TRINSAS • • H. muscles are overstretched
________________9. FARCTERU • • I. caused by heat
________________10. LISDOCATION • • J. a cut in the skin
Learning task 3: Be Grateful and Resourceful. List down some materials at home or in school that can be used as dressings
and bandages. Write them in the box. Include their uses or important.
Reflection:
In this lesson, I learned that _________________________________________________________________________________________.
In this lesson, I discovered that ______________________________________________________________________________________.
I will apply my learning by __________________________________________________________________________________________.
HEALTH WEEK 4
MELC: Demonstrates proper techniques in carrying and transporting the victim of unintentional injuries
Here is what you need to know…
Transporting an injured person to a safer place requires great care. A first aider must undergo proper training. When
doing this, a first aider must consider the following factors:
a. Weight and height of the victim
b. Status of the victim (conscious or unconscious)
c. Environment (safe, floor is smooth, narrow or wide)
d. Special need considerations (injuries of the victims)
KINDS OF TRANSPORT
ONE-MAN TRANSPORT
Fireman’s Carry- the easiest way to transport a light and smaller victim
Piggy Back- when the victim is conscious
Pack Strap Carry- when the vicitim is smaller than the first aider
Shoulder Drag- used when the floor is smooth, short distance transport
Fireman’s Drag or Tied-hands Crawl- used when first aider and victim must
crawl underneath a low structure
Blanket Drag- used when the victim is seriously injured and should not be
lifted
TWO-MAN TRANSPORT
Chair or Seat Carry- when there are two first aiders and a chair is available
THREE OR MORE-MAN TRANSPORT
Hammock Carry- when there are three first aiders
Bearer Alongside Carry- carriers will stay on the uninjured side of the victim
Six Man Lift and Carry- when there are six first aiders
HEALTH WEEK 4
MELC: Demonstrates proper techniques in carrying and transporting the victim of unintentional injuries
Name: ____________________________ Score: _______________________
Grade and Section: _______________ Subject Teacher: _____________
(Sa tulong ng WHLP at module, gawin ang tasks at gamitin ito bilang sagutang papel. Huwag kakalimutang lagyan ng iyong pangalan.)
Learning task 1: True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect.
________________ 1. Sprain is an injury to the ligaments of a bone due to accidental tearing or overstretching.
_______________ 2. Food poisoning results when foreign object blocks the throat.
_______________ 3. Dislocation is a break or crack in a bone.
_______________ 4. Drowning happens when air cannot get into the lungs because of water.
_______________ 5. Chemical burns may occur when electricity passes through the body.
Learning task 2: Answer the following questions.
Why is it important to follow the proper procedures in Why should we use dressings and bandages on wounds?
assessing emergency situations and in doing basic life support
(primary and secondary survey of the victim)?
_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
Learning task 3: “How Will You Bring Me to A Safe Place?”
Instruction: An injured person needs your help. You are to bring her to a safe place. How are you going to do that? Study the
situations and determine the kind of transport that should be used.
Situations . . .
No. of First Available Status of Injured Person Must Do Kind of Transport
Aider Materials
1 none Unconscious
Has no injury on arm,
leg, rib, neck and back
1 none Unconscious Pass underneath a
low structure
1 none Unconscious Transport the victim
up the stairs
1 none Experiencing a very
serious injury and should
not be lifted
1 none Unconscious
Very small
1 none Unconscious
Fat
2 Classroom Unconscious Carry the victim
chairs and No injury on neck, back down stairs
tables or pelvis
2 none Unconscious
3 none Unconscious Injured person will
be carried on his
back or face
3 none Unconscious First Aiders will have
to stay on one side
of the injured person
Reflection: What I have learned?
I learned
K E E P G O I N G !
LAM/RA/RM/KZ
