NAME : REINDORF DELA DEIZY AWAYA
INDEX NUMBER: PSY/22/01/1219
COURSE: DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
COURSE CODE: PSYCH 311
ASSIGNMENT II
THE EFFECTS OF SCREEN TIME ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF
CHILDREN
Cognitive Development:
Screen media can have both positive and negative impacts on children's cognitive
development. On the positive side, educational apps and e-books may boost early
reading and creativity. However, excessive screen time, particularly multitasking, can
harm areas like memory, focus, and academic performance. For instance, more screen
time in early childhood has been linked to lower participation in class and math
proficiency. While some cognitive areas, like language development, have been
studied more thoroughly, there is a growing concern about how screen time might
hinder the development of important skills such as executive functioning (i.e.,
managing thoughts and actions).
Language Development:
Language skills, such as vocabulary, are best developed through interactions with
adults. Screen time, especially if excessive, can reduce the amount and quality of
these interactions, negatively affecting children's ability to learn and use language.
The content of what children watch and whether adults are involved in co-viewing
also play a major role. Studies show that children who spend too much time with
screens may have more behavioral problems and poorer vocabulary.
Social-Emotional Development:
Excessive screen time, especially when it replaces outdoor or social activities, can
lead to issues like anxiety, depression, and emotional difficulties. Children who spend
a lot of time in front of screens may develop problems with sleep, attention, and
emotional understanding. For example, increased screen time in young children has
been linked to aggression and reduced emotional coping skills. Video gaming,
particularly in boys, has been associated with more significant emotional challenges,
such as depression. On the positive side, educational programs can support social and
emotional development when used appropriately.
In summary, while screen time can offer educational benefits, excessive use—
particularly without adult supervision or in inappropriate contexts—can negatively
affect children's cognitive, language, and social-emotional development. Caregivers
should focus on balancing screen time with face-to-face interactions and alternative
developmental activities.
