National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Balochistan Campus
Subject: Application of Information Communication Technology (CS-100)
Student Name: Hafsa BIBI Father Name: MUREED HUSSAIN
Registration #: 520162 Assignment #: 01
Due Date: 14th October 2024, 13:00 Total Marks: 20
Questions:
1. Describe the role of ICT tools in enhancing the efficiency of online banking.
(2 Marks) Consider aspects such as security, user experience, and accessibility.
ICT tools enhance the efficiency of online banking by enhancing security through encryption, providing
the facility of passwords, biometric and secure networks that secures the user personal data and
information.
ICT tools allow their customers to access banking services anytime and anywhere. Digital banking
services such as mobile banking apps allows users to conduct transactions, manage their accounts,
apply for loans without going to the banking branch. They provide their services both online and offline.
ICT provide real time services by providing the instant updates of their accounts like transaction
notification and account balances etc.
Answer:
2.Explain how social media platforms utilize data to enhance user experience.
(2 Marks) Provide examples of algorithm-based feeds or targeted advertising.
Answer:
Social media platform enhance the user experience by using data in personalizing content for
their individual interest. social media platforms use user information by their online activity to
show the content and ads that user might like. They track the things that what user like, share
and click on to understand the interest of the user. After tracking the things these platforms
made an algorithm to create personal feeds for each user, then they show the posts, videos,
content and ads about those topics that user have liked share or commented before to keep
them engage with the platform.
For Instance:
An algorithm is used by youtube and Instagram to display content that you have
liked or searched for.
Another way social media websites use your data are Targeted ads. They show you the ads of
product that are mostly like to catch your attention based on your online activity. For example: If
you constantly view the things related to cars, then you might see ads for cars products.
3.Discuss the impact of mobile health applications on modern healthcare.
(2 Marks) Consider patient monitoring, data collection, and the role of telemedicine .
Answer
Mobile health apps can help to get better health. Mobile apps like telemedicine and health
tracking apps like google fit, Samsung health, apple health e.t.c) allow the user for remote
patient monitoring and data collection.
Patient Monitoring:
Apps like google fit, Apple health, Samsung health and many more track the
daily activities of user like heartbeat. These apps enable the patient to access and view their
medical records, track medications and then communicate with healthcare providers.
Data Collection:
Mobile health apps collect the patient health and behaviour data. Then this
data is used to identify disease, Continuous monitoring and improved treatment.
Telemedicine:
Telemedicine apps provide remote access to healthcare services. It reduces the
need of a person frequent visits. This is particularly beneficial for those people living far from
care provider.
4. Identify and explain the use of two essential software development tools covered in
the lectures.
(2 Marks) Focus on their roles in the software development lifecycle
Answer:
The two essential software development tools are
1.Programming Languages
Programming languages are the essential tool as it provide the
foundation for writing the code that forms the core of any software development. Many
programming languages like java, python enables the developers to create anything from
simple script to complex applications.
2.IDE
Integrated development environment
IDE provides a set of tools for software development including code editor, compiler and
debugger etc. It is designed to enhance the efficiency and productivity.
For example
Vs code
5. Outline the development process of a simple web application from planning to
deployment.
(2 Marks) Briefly describe each stage along with process flow diagram
Planning and designing
↓
Front end development
↓
Backend development
↓
Database development
↓
Integration
↓
Testing
↓
Deployment
1.Planning
Planning is necessary because a project plan will detail the scope and its features,
timeline from planning to launch. The budget will provide costs for development, design and
resources. It will outline the frames and tools etc.
2. Designing
To designing a UI/UX of a web application wireframes are created to outline the layout,
while prototypes simulate interactions and flow. Database schemes and data flows on the
backend determine how to organize data structure and movement, and system diagrams map
out the interactions between components to ensure smooth integration and functionality.
3.Frondend development
The client-side of web application ill be built using HTML, CSS and Java script. HTML will
structure the content, CSS will style the layout, and Java script will add interactive elements.
4. Backend development
It can be implemented in one of the programming languages along with its frameworks, for
instance python or flasks. Although it would take care of authorization and authentication of
users as well as overall security.
5.Database management
Basically it states the need to design and construct the schema of a database that would
reflect the proper requirements about its data from an application. It then outlines the fact of
making a suitable choice for the database management system and configuring it suitably.
ForExample MySQL, PostgreSQL can be used. It is used for data storage, retrieval and
manipulation operations.
6.Integration
Integration of third party services, and libraries is used to add such important
Functionalities to an application. some of the examples are payment gateways for secure
transactions, social media APIs.
7.Testing
It perform comprehensive testing, conduct unit, and user acceptance test on the
application and test out functionality and security. It also identifies bugs and errors.
8.Deployment
It deploy the web application in a production environment such as cloud platform or
hosting service. It configure the server settings and domain and implement fundamental
security consideration such as SSL/TLS certificates.
6. Compare and contrast the use of arrays and lists in a programming context with examples
from daily banking operations.
(3 Marks) Discuss scenarios where one might be preferred over the other
Answer:
Arrays:
Array is a collection of elements, each identified by at least one array or index key
Lists:
List is collection of items which can be of different types.
Comparison:
1.Arrays has fixed size while lists has dynamic size
2.Arrays typically store elements of same data type while list store elements of different data types
3.In Arrays elements are stored in contiguous memory locations.
Banking Example:
1.Array may be used to store the monthly balances of the check account of a customer for the
previous month. since the number of days of month are not known. Arrays are appropriate here to
use.
2.one possible implementation for the preceding described can be a list that stores transactions
made on a customer credit card. This list can grow dynamically as new transactions are added as and
when they occur.
Preferences:
Arrays are used wherever the size is known in advance and access times, are a critical factor, as
they do this more rapidly and much less memory usage.
Lists are preferred if the number of elements in the collection likely to change dynamically
because of ease of use and flexibility in operation.
7. Define 'cloud computing' and provide an example of how it might be used in educational
institutions. (2 Marks)
Cloud computing
Cloud computing simply refers to technology that enables users to
access and make use of computer resources, be it software, hardware and data
storage using the internet.it does not requires the owning and operating of physical
servers because a user can get the important resources from a cloud server provider
Example:
A university might offer internet delieverd courses with the use of online based
software and store such students record in the cloud. This can foster greater access to
education, minimize costs, and enhance experience generally.
8. What is the importance of APIs in web development, especially in the context of integrating
third-party services? (2 Marks) Provide an example with a social media API.
API stands for application programming interfaces.
API represents the essence of web development in integration into third party services.
They can be seen as a kind of intermediaries and enforce a structured ay for different
applications to communicate with each other and trade in data.
In integration with social media, APIs enable eb applications to utilize features given by
the other social media sites without having to recreate them in house. An example is a
website that allows a user to log in via their Facebook identity or shares content
straight into their Facebook feed using a Facebook API.
This integration saves the time and resources of development and really enriches the
user’s experience through meaningful and consistent features.
9. Critically analyze the role of artificial intelligence in predictive analytics within the
marketing sector. (3 Marks)
Artificial intelligence plays a pivotal role in predictive analytics within the marketing sector.
Data Analysis: Ai can process vast amounts of data regarding customer demographics, purchase
history, and other online behaviours to identify patterns and trends that otherwise human
beings might miss.
Predictive modeling: Ai algorithm can create predictive models of predicting the exact customer
behaviour, such as likelihood to purchase, churn rate and product preferences,
Personalized marketing: AI enables marketers to deliver very highly personalize marketing
campaigns by taking into consideration what customers want and need based on personal
preferences and requirements.
AI is transformative for predictive analytics in marketing. Businesses can establish in advance
what customers do, optimize campaign strategies, and personalize user experience as a
result. Through machine learning algorithms in AI, there is always an analysis of historical
data as well as real time data to identify trends, segments, audiences, and enables marketers
to predict trends in future.
In a nutshell, AI renders marketing more efficient and decision making better. However, it
needs proper data handling in a clear, ethical manner to tap its full potential without
compromising customer trust.
10.Reflect on any personal or observed experience where an ICT tool significantly changed
the approach or outcome of a task or project. Describe the situation/problem, the tools used,
and the outcomes
Answer:
with the geographical distance, it was difficult to collaborate on a group project.
To collaborate in our virtual meeting, actual time using video conferencing tools,
like zoom, really helped us to overcome those problems, improved our quality of
teamwork and communication and there by resulted in a much better outcome of
the project.
