Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Cell Structure and Function
Chapter Test A
Answer Key
Multiple Choice 21. the cell membrane
1. c 22. phospholipids
2. b 23. The molecules are arranged in a double layer.
3. d The heads of the molecules form the outer
4. a surfaces of the membrane, and the tails form
5. c the inner part of the membrane.
6. b 24. Accept any of the following: These
7. c molecules strengthen the cell membrane;
8. c help materials cross the membrane; detect
9. d signal molecules and perform an action in
10. a response.
11. b 25. Accept any of the following: a higher
12. a concentration of a substance on the outside of
13. d the membrane than on the inside; a high
14. b concentration of molecules small enough to
15. c go through the membrane; a concentration
Short Answer gradient that goes down on the inside of the
16. two cells containing various organelles cell
17. Accept any two of the following: ER,
ribosomes, mitochondria, central vacuole,
chloroplast, nucleus, Golgi apparatus,
vesicles, and lysosomes.
18. B
19. Plant cell
20. Cytoplasm. The cytoplasm fills up the space
between the nucleus and the cell membrane.
Cytoplasm is made up mostly of water. The
water in the cytoplasm is necessary for
maintaining the shape of the cell.
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 1 Cell Structure and Function
Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Cell Structure and Function
Chapter Test A
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Choose the letter of the best answer. (15 credits)
_____ 1. Which of the following is a _____ 4. Which phrase best describes
major principle upon which rough ER?
cell theory is based? a. studded with ribosomes
a. All cells form by free-cell b. protected by vesicles
formation. c. connected to the Golgi
b. All cells have DNA. apparatus
c. All organisms are made d. stored in the central
of cells. vacuole
d. All cells are eukaryotic.
_____ 5. Which organelles supply
_____ 2. Identify the type of cell energy to the cell?
shown in Figure 3.1. a. ribosomes
b. centrosomes
c. mitochondria
d. vacuoles
_____ 6. Which organelles contain
enzymes that break down
old cell parts?
a. centrosomes
b. lysosomes
c. vacuoles
FIG. 3.1 d. chloroplasts
a. prokaryotic
b. eukaryotic _____ 7. Which organelles are unique
c. bacterial to plant cells?
d. animal a. ribosomes
b. vacuoles
_____ 3. Which organelle is the c. chloroplasts
storehouse for most of a d. centrosomes
cell’s genetic information?
a. mitochondrion _____ 8. Which process occurs inside
b. chloroplast the chloroplasts?
c. centriole a. detoxification
d. nucleus b. ribosome assembly
c. photosynthesis
d. protein synthesis
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 2 Cell Structure and Function
Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Chapter Test A, continued
_____ 9. Which type of receptor is _____ 12. Transport proteins play a
shown in the diagram in role in both
Figure 3.2? a. passive and active
transport.
b. exocytosis and
endocytosis.
c. diffusion and vesicle
transport.
d. phagocytosis and passive
transport.
_____ 13. Which process requires no
energy from the cell?
a. exocytosis
FIG. 3.2
b. endocytosis
c. active transport
a. cytoplasmic d. facilitated diffusion
b. membrane
c. extracellular _____ 14. Which organelles are
d. intracellular involved in the process
called endocytosis?
_____ 10. A protein that detects a a. ribosomes
signal molecule and b. vesicles
performs an action in c. centrioles
response is called a d. chloroplasts
a. receptor.
b. ligand. _____ 15. Which process is occurring
c. vesicle. when a vesicle fuses with the
d. proton. cell membrane and releases
its contents outside the cell?
_____ 11. A solution that is hypotonic a. endocytosis
to a cell has b. phagocytosis
a. more solutes than the cell. c. exocytosis
b. fewer solutes than the d. osmosis
cell.
c. the same concentration of
solutes as the cell.
d. too many solutes.
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 3 Cell Structure and Function
Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Chapter Test A, continued
Short Answer Use the diagram below to answer items 16–20. (5 credits)
FIG. 3.3
16. Describe what is shown in Figure 3.3.
_______________________________________________________________
17. List two organelles shown in the diagram.
_______________________________________________________________
18. Which labeled structure is the site of photosynthesis?
_______________________________________________________________
19. Name the type of cell shown on the right side of the diagram.
_______________________________________________________________
20. Identify part A and explain how it contributes to the structure and shape of the
cell.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 4 Cell Structure and Function
Name:______________________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________________
Chapter Test A, continued
Use the diagram below to answer items 21–25. (5 credits)
FIG. 3.4
21. What is shown in the diagram?
_______________________________________________________________
22. What is the term for the molecules located in part A of the diagram?
_______________________________________________________________
23. Describe the arrangement of the molecules located in part A of the diagram.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
24. What is one function of the molecules (B) that are embedded in the layers of
part A?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
25. What conditions would cause a molecule to diffuse from the outside of the
structure shown to the inside?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Biology 5 Cell Structure and Function
