cly; eyk;:
cly;> kdk; kw;Wk; r%f mstpyhd KOikahd ey;tho;Tf;fhd epiyNa cly;eyk; vd;gjhFk; - WHO
njhw;W Neha;fs; xU eghplkpUe;J kw;nwhUtUf;F guTk; Neha;fs;
Neha+f;fpfs; - njhw;W Neha;fis cz;lhf;Fk; caphpfs; v.fh - itu];> g+Q;ir
nghJthf kdpjh;fspy; fhzg;gLk; Neha;fs;
ghf;Bhpa itu]; Neha;fs; g+Q;ir Neha;fs; GNuhl;NlhNrhth GOtpd Neha;fs;
Neha;fs; Neha;fs;
rPjNgjp rhjhuz rsp (jbky;) Nfz;bbahrp]; kNyhpah m];fhhpahrp];
gpNsf; Gl;lhsk;ik (nghd;Df;F tPq;fp) ghjg;gil mkPgpahrp]; ahidf;fhy; Neha;
bg;jPhpah jl;lk;ik Mg;gphpf;f J}f;f tpahjp (igNyhpahrp];)
fhyuh fy;yPuy; mow;rp fhyh - mrhh;
ilgha;L nlq;F fha;r;ry;
epNkhdpah rpf;fd; Fd;ah
rpd;dk;ik
,sk;gps;is thjk; (NghypNah
ikypb];)
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL - 9600866626 -72005 45715 5
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
kdpj ghf;Bhpa Neha;fs;
Neha;fs; Neha;f;fhuzp Neha;j; njhw;Wk; guTk; Kiw mwpFwpfs;
gFjp
\pn[y;Nyhrp]; \pn[y;yh rpw;wpdk; Fly; kyf;fopT fye;j czT tapw;Wtyp> ePhpog;G> kyf;foptpy;
(Shigellosis) (Ngrpy;yhp (Shigella sp) kw;Wk; ePh; Neubahf tha; ,uj;jk; kw;Wk; Nfhio
rPjNgjp) kyk; top fhzg;gLjy;
GNghdpf; gpNsf; (Bubonic vh;rpdpah ng];b]; epzePh; Kbr;Rfs; Neha;ff
; lj;jp fha;r;ry;> jiytyp> tPq;fpa
Plague) fUg;G kuzk; (Yersinia Pestis) njs;Sg;g+r;rp (Xenopsylla epzePh; Kbr;Rfs;
cheopis)
bg;jPhpah (Diptheria) Nfhhpdpghf;Bhpak; Fuy;tis> Njhy;> ePhj
; ;jptiyfs; fha;r;ry;> njhz;il
Bg;jPhpNa (Coryneacterium Rthr kw;Wk; topj;njhw;W typ>fufug;ghd njhz;ilk
diphteriae) ,dg;ngUf;fg;ghij w;Wk; Rthrpj;jypy; ,lh;ghL
fhyuh (Cholera) tpg;hpNah fhyNu (Vibrio Fly; kyf;fopT> fye;j czT fLikahd tapw;Wg;Nghf;F
Cholerae) kw;Wk; ePh; kyf;fopT tha; kw;Wk; ePhpog;G
topahf
nll;ld]; (Tetanus) fpsh];bhpak; nll;ldp ,Og;G fhaj;jpd; topahf jhil jirfs; tpiwj;jy;> kpif
(mirahj;jil) (Clousritum tetanus) njhw;Wjy; ,jaj;Jbg;G> Kfk; kw;Wk; jhil
jir ,Og;G
ilgha;L (Typhoid) rhy;Nkhndy;yh Fly; kyf;fopT fye;j czT jiytyp> mnrsfhpakhd
il∴gp(SalmonelFly; la kw;Wk; ePh; topahf tapW> fha;r;ry; kw;Wk;
typhyl) tapw;Wg;Nghf;F
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
epNkhdpah ];l;nug;Nlhfhf;f]; EiuaPuy; ePhj
; ;jptiyfs; fha;r;ry;> ,Uky;> typAld;
epNkhdpah (Streptococcum topj;njhw;Ww $ba Rthrk; kw;Wk; gOg;G epw
Penumoiaae) rsp
fhr Neha; (Tuberculosis) ikf;Nfh ghf;Bhpak; EiuaPuy; ePhj
; ;jptiyfs; %f;fpd; topahf mlh;Nfhio
ba+gh; FNshrp]; topj;njhw;w ntspNaw;Wk;
(Mycobacterium
Tuberculosis)
ilgha;L fha;r;riy cWjp nra;Ak; Nrhjid - itlhy; Nrhjid
itu]; Neha;fs;
cly; cWg;Gfspy; Njhd;Wk; mwpFwpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L
1) Rthr Neha;fs; - ,d;G@ad;rh njhw;wpa Rthrg;ghij
2) Njhy; Neha;fs; - rpd;dk;ik kw;Wk; jl;lk;ikahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l Njhy; kw;Wk; Njhypd; fPo; mLf;F
3) cs;SWg;G Neha;fs; - kQ;rs; fha;r;ry; kw;Wk; nlq;F fha;r;ryhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ,uj;jk; kw;Wk; cs;SWg;Gfs;
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
Neha;j;
Neha;fs; Neha;f; fhuzp njhw;Wk; guTk; Kiw mwpFwpfs;
gFjp
rhjhuz rsp (jbky;) iuNdh itu];fs; %f;filg;G kw;Wk; Nfhio ntspNaw;wk;
Rthrg;ghij ePhj
; ;jptiyfs;
(Common Cold) (Rhinoviruses) njhz;iltyp> ,Uky;> kw;Wk; jiytyp
Gl;lhsk;ik (mumps) kk;g;]; itu]; (Mh;.vd;.V ckpo;ePh; kw;Wk; Nkyz;z Rug;gpapy; tPff
; k; Vw;gLjy;
ckpo;ePhr
; ;Rug;gp
nghd;Df;F tPq;fp itu];) ghuhkpf;Nrh itu]; ePhj
; ;jptiyfs;
fufug;ghd njhz;il> %f;F xOfy;>
Ugy;yh itu]; (Rubella
Njhy; kw;Wk; ,Uky;> fha;r;ry; kw;Wk; Njhy; fOj;J
jl;lk;ik (Measles) Virus) Mh;.vd;.V. itu]; ePhj
; ;jptiyfs;
Rthrg;ghij
ghuhkpf;Nrh itu]; fhJfspy; Vw;gLk; rptg;G epwj; jbg;Gfs;
fy;yPuy; rpijT> kQ;rs; fhkhiy>
ngw;Nwhh; top> ,uj;jg; Fkl;ly;> kQ;rs; epw fz;fs;> fha;r;ry;
fy;yPuy; mow;rp n`g;ghill;b]; - B itu]; fy;yPuy;
ghpkhw;wk;
kw;Wk; tapw;W typ
Rthrg;ghij Nyrhd fha;r;rYld; Njhy; mhpg;G>
rpd;dk;ik (Chicken Nthpnry;yh N]h];lh; itu]; ePhj
; ;jptiyfs; kw;Wk;
Njhy; kw;Wk;
pox) (b.vd;.V.itu];) Neub njhlh;G Njhy; jbg;G kw;Wk; nfhg;Gsk;
euk;G kz;lyk;
fha;r;ry;> jir> tpiwg;G kw;Wk;
NghypNah itu]; Fly;> %is> ePhj
; ;jptiyfs;> tYtpyj;jy; gf;fthjk; kw;Wk; Rthrf;
,sk;gps;is thjk;
(Mh.vd;.V.itu];) jz;Ltlk; tha;top kyj;njhw;W
NfhshW
nlq;F itu]; (m) gpNstp Neha;ff
; lj;jpahd jpBnud Njhd;Wk; mjpf fha;r;ry;>
Njhy; kw;Wk;
nlq;F fha;r;ry; itu]; (DENV)my;yJ (1-4 Vbv]; V[pg;b
,uj;jk; jiytyp>jir kw;Wk; %l;Ltyp
itu];) nfhRf;fs;
Neha;ff
; lj;jpahd fha;r;ry;> %l;Ltyp jiytyp kw;Wk;
My;gh itu]; (Nlhfh
rpf;fd;Fdpah euk;G kz;lyk; Vbv]; V[pg;b
itu];) %l;Lfspy; tPf;fk;
nfhRf;fs;
4) euk;G Neha;fs; : Nugp]; kw;Wk; ,sk;gps;is thjj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ika euk;G kz;lyk;
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
epgh itu];
1) #ndhbf; itu]; (tpyq;FfsplkpUe;J kdpjDf;F gutf;$baJ)
2) guTk; Kiw : njhw;W fye;j czT
3) mwpFwpfs;:
mwpFwpfsw;w njhw;W
jPtpu Rthr Neha;
,wg;ig Vw;gLj;jf;$ba %istPff
; Neha;
gd;wpf; fha;r;ry;
1) njhw;WNehahf mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L - 1919
2) Neha+f;fp - 𝐻1 𝑁1 itu];
3) mwpFwpfs;: fha;r;ry;> ,Uky;> njhz;il typ> Fsph;> tYtpoj;jy; kw;Wk; cly; typ
4) Foe;ijfs;> fUTw;w ngz;fs; kw;Wk; tajhdth;fSf;F Vw;gLk; fLikahd njhw;W
mghaepiyia Vw;gLj;Jk;
GNuhl;NlhNrhth Neha;fs;
kdpj clypy; Vwj;jho 15 GNuhl;NlhNrhth ,dq;fs; xl;Lz;zpfshf tho;e;J Nehia
Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd
1. mkPgpahrp]; (m) mkPgpf; rPjNgjp / mkPgpf; ngUq;Fly; mow;rp
Neha;f;fhuzp : vz;lkPgh `p];Nlhiybfh
,e;j xl;Lz;zpapd; NehAz;lhf;Fk; epiy bNuhNghNuha;l; MFk;
,it tpUe;Njhk;gpapd; ngUq;Flw;Rtiuj; Jisj;Jr; nrd;W jpR rpijT nehjpia
ntsptpLfpwJ
Flw;Gz;> ,uj;jf;frpT> tapw;Wtyp kw;Wk; mjpf NfhioAld; $ba kyf;fopT Mfpait
Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd
mwpFwpfs;: tapw;Wg;Nghf;F> ,uj;jk; kw;Wk; NfhioAld; $ba rPjNgjp
guTk; Kiw: nfl;Lg;Nghd czT kw;Wk; ePhpy; ,Ue;J xl;Lz;zpia flj;Jk; flj;jpahf
tPl;L <f;fs; nrayhw;Wfpd;wd.
2. Mg;gphpf;f J}f;f tpahjp
Neha;f;fhuzp : bhpg;gNdhNrhNkh rpw;wpdq;fs;
Neha;f;flj;jp: nrl;rp vd;w ,uj;j cwpQ;rp <f;fs;
3 tifahd bhpg;gNdhNrhNkh rpw;wpdq;fs; kdpjdpy; J}f;f tpahjpia Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd
1. b.Nfk;gpad;]; - fpshrpdh gy;ghyp]; Nfk;gpad; fha;r;ry; (m) kj;jpa Mg;gphpf;f J}f;f
tpahjp
2. b.NuhBrpad;]; - fpshrpdh Nkhh;rpld;]; - NuhBrpad; (m) fpof;F Mg;gphpf;f J}f;f
tpahjp
3. b F&rp - biuaNlhNkh nk[p];lh - rhfh]; Neha; mnkhpf;f J}f;f tpahjp
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL - 9600866626 -72005 45715 5
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
3) fhyh - mrhh; (m) tapw;wiw yp\;Nkdpahrp];
Neha;ff
; huzp : yP\;Nkdpah NlhNdhthdp
Neha;ff
; lj;jp: kzy; g+r;rp
mwpFwpfs;:
1. vilFiwjy;
2. ,uj;j Nrhif
3. fha;r;ry;
4. fy;yPuy; kw;Wk; kz;zPuy; tPff
; k;
njhw;W Vw;gLk; ,lq;fs; : vz;NlhjPypay; nry;fs;> vYk;G k[;i[> fy;yPuy; epzePh;
Rug;gpfs; kw;Wk; kz;zPuypd; ,uj;jf;Foha;
4) kNyhpah:
Neha;f;fhuzp: gpsh];Nkhbak; ,dq;fs; gp.itthf;];> gp.XNty;> gp.kNyhpah gp.ghy;rpgh
gpsh];Nkhbak;> bNuhNghNrhapl;Lfs; vd;w Kjph;epiy kdpjdpd; ,uj;jr;
rptg;gZf;fspy; tho;fpd;wd
Neha;ff
; lj;jp: Neha;j;njhw;wpa ngz; mdhgpy]; nfhR
kNyhpah xopg;G jpl;lk; - WHO 1950
2015 tiu kNyhpahtpw;fhd mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l xNu jLg;g+rp TRS, S (k];Fhpf;];)
vd;gjhFk;. WHO 6 Kjy; 12 thu taJs;s Foe;ijfSf;F ,ij gad;gLj;j
ghpe;Jiug;gjpy;iy.
g+Q;ir Neha;fs;
nlh;kl;NlhikNfhrp]; - biuNfhigl;lhd;> ikf;Nuh];Nghuk; kw;Wk; vgpnlh;Nkhigl;lhd;
Mfpa g+Q;ir Nghpdq;fs; Vw;gLk; Njhy; njhw;whFk;
glh; jhkiu (Ringworm) kdpjh;fSf;F njhw;wf;$ba rhjhuz NehahFk;
GOtpd Neha;fs; (Helminthiasis)
gutyhff; fhzg;gLk; GOtpd Neha;fs;
1) cUisg; GO Neha; (m];fhhp];)
o Neha;ff
; huzp: m];fhhp]; Yk;gphpfha;l;];
o ,it cUisg;GOf;fs; vd;wiof;fg;gLfpd;wd
guTk; Kiw:
o nfl;Lg;Nghd czT kw;Wk; ePhpd; topahf
o Foe;ijfs; mRj;jkhd kz;zpy; tpisahLk; nghOJ
o mwpFwpfs;: tapw;Wtyp> the;jp> jiytyp> ,uj;jNrhif> vhpr;ry; kw;Wk;
tapw;Wg;Nghf;F
o
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
ghjpg;Gfs;:
o Foe;ijfSf;F Cl;lr;rj;J FiwghL> fLikahd tapw;Wtyp kw;Wk;
Fiwtsh;r;rp
o Flyow;rp> fy;yPuy; mow;rp kw;Wk; %r;Rf;Foyow;rp
2) ahidf;fhy; Neha; (Filariasis)
Neha;ff
; huzp: cr;rhPhpah ghd;fpuhg;b (m) ahidf;fhy;GO
ghjpg;Gfs;
GOf;fspd; jpul;rpahy; epzePh; kz;lyj;jpy; Vw;gLk; milg;G
epzePh; Kbr;Rfspy; tPff
; j;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;
fhy;fs;> tpijg;ig kw;Wk; ghy; Rug;gpfspy; ahidf;fhy; Neha; Vw;gLfpwJ
tho;f;if Kiw khw;wq;fs; fhuzkhf Vw;gLk; Neha;fs;
1. lahgB]; nky;ypl];
Fiwghlhd ,d;Rypd; nray;ghL my;yJ ,d;Rypd; Ruf;fhik
,J nghJthf mjpf mstpy; fhzg;gLk; fizaf; FiwghlhFk;
2 tif
,d;Rypd; rhh;e;j ePuopT Neha; ,d;Rypd; rhuhj ePuopT Neha;
(i`gh;fpisrPkpah) taJ mjpfhpj;jy; cly; gUkd;
kugZ kuGtop kw;Wk; cly;ciog;gpy;yhj tho;f;if Kiw Nghd;wit
Rw;Wr;#oy; fhuzpfs;
tif 1 kw;Wk; tif 2 ePuoptpd; NtWghLfs;
fhuzpfs; tif 1 ,d;Rypd; rhh;e;j lahgB]; tif-2 ,d;rypd; rhuhj lahgB];
nky;ypl]; (IDDM) nky;ypl]; (NIDDM)
Nehapd; jhf;fk; 10-20% 80-90%
njhlq;Fk; ,sk;gUtj;jpy; njhlq;FfpwJ (20 tajhNdhhpy; fhzg;gLfpwJ (30
gUtk; taJf;F FiwthNdhh;) tajpw;F Nkw;gl;Nlhh;)
cly; vil rhjhuzkhd cly; vil my;yJ cly; gUkd;
vil Fiwjy;
FiwghL gPl;lh nry;fs; moptjhy; ,d;Rypd; ,yf;F nry;fs; ,d;RypDf;F gjpy;
gw;whf;Fiw Vw;gLfpwJ tpid GhpahkypUg;gJ
rpfpr;ir ,d;Rypid vLj;Jf;nfhs;Sjy; czT> clw;gapw;rp kw;Wk; kUe;Jfshy;
mtrpakhfpwJ fl;Lg;gLj;JfpwJ
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
mwpFwpfs;:
i`gh;fpisrPkpah - fpisNfhUhpah
ghypa+hpah - ghypNg[pah
ghypbg;rpah - Nrhh;T kw;Wk; vil ,og;G
2) cly; gUkd;
mjpfg;gbahd nfhOg;G Nrhh;tjhy; clypd; vil mrhjuzkhf mjpfhpg;gJ cly;
gUkd; vdg;gLk;
clypd; nfhOg;G msT kw;Wk; eyk; rhh;e;j Mgj;jpid clw;gUkf; FwpaPl;ilf; (BMI)
nfhz;L mstplyhk;.
BMI = vil (fpfp) /cauk;; (kP 2)
fhuzpfs;
kugpay; fhuzpfs; - cly; ciog;gpd;ik
czTg; gof;ftof;fq;fs; - ehskpy;yh Rug;gpf; fhuzpfs;
Neha; ghjpg;Gfs;:
cah; ,uj;j mOj;jk; - ePuopT Neha;
gpj;jg;ig Neha;fs; - fNuhdhp ,ja Neha;
fPy;thjk; (%l;L tPf;fk; - Mh;j;iub];)
3) Gw;WNeha;:
fl;Lg;ghlw;w> mghpkpjkhd nry; gphpjy;
,J mUfpYs;s jpRf;fSf;Fs; CLUtp> fl;bfs; my;yJ epNahgpshrj;ij (Gjpa
tsh;r;rp) cUthf;fp jpRf;fis mopf;fpwJ
nkl;lhrp]; - Gw;W nry;fs; clypd; njhiytpYs;s ghfq;fSf;Fk; ,lk;ngah;e;J Gjpa
jpRf;fis mopj;jy;
Gw;WNehia gw;wpa gbg;G - Md;fhy[p
cyf Gw;WNeha; ehs; - gpg;uthp 4
Njrpa Gw;WNeha; tpopg;Gzh;T ehs; - etk;gh; 7
Gw;W Nehapd; tiffs; - cUthFk; jpRf;fspd; mbg;gil
1) fhh;rpNdhkh (85%)
vgpjPypay; kw;Wk; Rug;gpfspd; jpRf;fspy; cUthfpwJ
Njhy;> EiuaPuy;> tapW kw;Wk; %is Mfpatw;wpy; Gw;WNeha; Vw;glyhk;
2) rhh;Nfhkh (1%)
,izg;G kw;Wk; jirj;jpRf;fspy; cUthfpwJ
vYk;G> FUj;njYk;G> jir ehz;fs;> mbg;Ngh]; jpR kw;Wk; jirfs;
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
Kaw;rp jpUtpidahf;Fk;
3) ypa+f;Nfkpah / ,uj;jg; Gw;WNeha;
vYk;G k[;i[ kw;Wk; epzePh; Kbr;Rfshy; ,uj;j nts;is mZf;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia
mjpfhpj;jy;
15 taJf;Fk; Fiwthd Foe;ijfspy; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;JfpwJ
fl;bfspd; tiffs;
Nkypf;dd;l; fl;bfs; - Ntfkhf tshr;rpaile;J Rw;wpAs;s ,ay;ghd jpRf;fspy;
CLUtp ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;Jk;
jPq;fw;w my;yJ Nkypf;dd;l; tif my;yhj fl;bfs; clypd; kw;w ghfq;fSf;F guthJ
cWg;GfSf;Fs;shfNt ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;Jk;
Gw;WNeha;f; fhuzpfs; / fhh;rpNdhn[d;fs;
,aw;gpay; fhuzpfs; Ntjpapay; fjphpaf;fk; caphpay;
Gifgpbj;jy; Gifapiy> epyf;fhp X - fjph;fs; Md;Nfhn[dpf;
Mfpatw;iw vhpg;gjhy; itu];fs;
ntw;wpiy Gifapiy g+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs;> fy;ehh; fhkh fjph;fs;
nky;Yjy; epf;fy;> nraw;if ,dpg;g+l;bfs;
mjpf #hpaxsp fjphpaf;fg;
Njhypd; kPJ gLjy; nghUl;fs;
UV fjph;fs;
Gw;WNeha; rpfpr;ir
mWit rpfpr;ir - fl;bfis mfw;Wjy;
fjphpaf;f rpfpr;ir - Gw;W nry;fis kl;Lk; mopj;jy;
Ntjp kUe;J rpfpr;ir (fPNkhnjugp) - nry; gphpjiyj; jLj;jy;
jilfhg;G rpfpr;ir - jilfhg;G kz;lyj;ij J}z;Ljy;
va;l;]; (ngwg;gl;l Neha;j; jLg;ghw;wy; FiwT Neha;) HIV
kdpj jilf;fhg;G FiwT itu]hy; (HIV) Vw;gLj;jg;gLk; xU nfhba Neha;
,it ypk;Nghirl;Lfisj; jhf;fp ghjpg;gile;j egh;fspy; Neha;j; njhw;wpid
Vw;gLj;JfpwJ
fz;lwpjy;
viyrh (ELISA– Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorber Assay) Nrhjid
nt];lh;l; gpshl; Nrhjid
cyf va;l;]; jpdk; - brk;gh; 1
mUtp TNPSC gapw;rp ikak; - ehkf;fy; CELL-9600866626 -72005 45715 9
