Solutions to the Questions:
Question 1:
A fillet weld joint connecting 10 mm thick plates is shown in fig. Weld size = 8 mm, Working stress =
110 N/mm².
Calculate the maximum load.
Solution:
The throat thickness of a fillet weld is given by:
t = 0.707 * s
where s is the weld size (8 mm).
t = 0.707 * 8 = 5.656 mm
The load-carrying capacity per unit length of the weld:
P_unit = t * working_stress
where working_stress = 110 N/mm².
P_unit = 5.656 * 110 = 622.16 N/mm
Assume the weld length is L. For a double-sided weld, total length = 2L.
If L = 100 mm:
P_total = P_unit * 2L = 622.16 * 2 * 100 = 124432 N = 124.43 kN
Maximum load is 124.43 kN for L = 100 mm.
Question 2:
A beam of rectangular cross-section is welded to a support. Determine the weld size if the
permissible shear stress is 75 N/mm².
Solution:
Assume permissible shear force V is 10 kN = 10,000 N.
The permissible shear force V is:
V = t * working_stress * L
where t = 0.707 * s, and working_stress = 75 N/mm².
Rearranging for s:
s = V / (0.707 * working_stress * L)
s = 10,000 / (0.707 * 75 * 100) = 1.89 mm
Required weld size is 1.89 mm.
Question 3:
A steel plate subjected to a force of 5 kN is fixed to a channel by three bolts. The rivet material has
shear_stress = 350 N/mm² and FOS = 3.
Find the bolt size.
Solution:
Allowable shear stress:
shear_allow = shear_stress / FOS = 350 / 3 = 116.67 N/mm²
The total shear load is distributed among three bolts:
F_bolt = F_total / number of bolts = 5,000 / 3 = 1666.67 N
The shear stress in a bolt is:
shear_bolt = F_bolt / (pi/4 * d^2)
Rearranging for d:
d = sqrt(4 * F_bolt / (pi * shear_allow))
d = sqrt(4 * 1666.67 / (pi * 116.67)) = 4.26 mm
Minimum bolt diameter is 4.26 mm.
Question 4:
Two mild steel eye rods connected by a knuckle joint transmit an axial load of 150 kN. The working
stresses are:
Tension = 75 N/mm², Shear = 160 N/mm², Crushing = 150 N/mm².
Find the dimensions of the joint.
Solution:
(a) Diameter of the rod:
P = tension_stress * A
A = pi/4 * d^2
Rearranging for d:
d = sqrt(4P / (pi * tension_stress))
d = sqrt(4 * 150,000 / (pi * 75)) = 50.46 mm
Rod diameter = 50.46 mm.
(b) Pin diameter for shear:
P = 2 * shear_stress * A_shear
A_shear = pi/4 * d_pin^2
Rearranging for d_pin:
d_pin = sqrt(4P / (2 * pi * shear_stress))
d_pin = sqrt(4 * 150,000 / (2 * pi * 160)) = 24.43 mm
Pin diameter = 24.43 mm.
(c) Pin diameter for crushing:
P = crush_stress * A_crush
A_crush = d_pin * t
Rearranging for d_pin:
d_pin = P / (crush_stress * t)
t = 0.5 * d = 0.5 * 50.46 = 25.23 mm
d_pin = 150,000 / (150 * 25.23) = 39.65 mm
Pin diameter = 39.65 mm (crushing governs).
