Home learning activities
Subject
Science
Year Group
Year 7
Unit of work / Knowledge organiser
Atoms, Elements and Compounds - 1
Activities
• Complete the ‘Knowledge Check’ by clicking on the link below (Mr Tobi
has also emailed this link out to you):
https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=tWaUKrjGMEuM3bZvypd0
-1JR5WsjuLFPvbjI4VXu0Y1URjFCMjFHSlpPREtXNEoyQk1GTEU1OURYUi4u
• Read through the Sections 1-3 of the ‘Knowledge Organiser’ on
‘Compounds’.
• Make careful and detailed notes on Sections 1-3, including writing out the
‘properties of ionic compounds’ in Section 3.
• Describe what happens to metals and non-metals during ‘ionic bonding’
your own words, without looking at your earlier notes from Section 2.
• Read the ‘Key Revision Facts’ sheet carefully.
• Describe, in your own words, the meanings of the terms ‘elements’,
‘molecules’ and ‘compounds’ without looking at the ‘Key Revision Facts’
sheet.
• Complete the ‘Match and Draw’, ‘True or False?’ and ‘Model Drawing’
activities on the ‘Test Yourself 1’ pages; the answers are provided at the
end, but do not look at these until you have tried to complete the work
yourself (be strict with yourself here).
Where do you complete the work?
In Study Books.
What to do if you finish the work? (Extension activity)
• Make sure you have completed the previous set work on ‘Acids and Alkalis’
and complete the ‘Mini Project’ on ‘Atoms, Elements and Compounds’.
These websites might help:
• BBC Bitesize -> Secondary -> KS3 -> Science -> Chemistry -> Atoms, Elements and
Compounds
If you are struggling with your work or if you have finished.
Please email your classroom teacher directly using the email list found in the
Home Learning section of the website.
Yr 7 Compounds
1. Formation of ions based on the periodic table 2. Ionic Bond
Metal – donates outer electrons 3. Properties of ionic compounds
Ions – are charged particles formed from the gaining Non-metal – receives outer electrons to gain a full
or losing of outer electrons. outer sell. Remember to gain higher marks you need to
Metal atoms LOSE outer electrons they become When a metal atom reacts with a non-metal atom link the property of the compound to its bonding
POSITIVELY charged electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are and structure.
Non- metal atoms GAIN outer electrons they be- transferred.
come NEGATIVELY charged. Making sodium chloride The structure of sodium chloride can be shown
as:
Group 1 metals
LOSE 1 electron
BECOME 1+ ion
Group 2 metals Regular structure (giant ionic) produced by
LOSE 2 electrons strong electrostatic forces of attraction between
BECOME 2+ ion Formula - NaCl oppositely charged ions.
Making magnesium chloride They have high melting and boiling points
because a high amount of energy is
needed to break the many strong ionic
Group 6 non-metals
bonds.
GAIN 2 electrons
They dissolve in water because water has
Become 2- ions
polarity and attracts the oppositely
charged ions.
When dissolved in water or molten they con-
Group 7 non-metals duct electricity because the ions are
GAIN 1 electron free to move – allowing charge to flow.
Become 1- ions Magnesium needs to lose 2 outer electrons. Each
chlorine receives an outer electron to give the Working out the empirical formula of ionic com-
Formula MgCl2 pounds from a given model
Empirical formula is the simplest ration of ions in
All atoms do this to gain the compound.
The electron transfer can be represented by simple
the electronic configura- Sodium chloride is NaCl (1:1)
dot and cross diagrams.
tion of the noble gas Magnesium chloride is MgCl2 (1:2)
(group 0) of: Magnesium oxide MgO (1:1)
Sodium oxide is Na-2O (2:1)
Yr 7 Compounds
4. Covalent Bonding 6b. Graphite
Formed when 2 or more non-metals share pairs of 5a. The examiner may ask you to draw different ones.
electrons on their outer shells. Remember
use the periodic table to find out how many outer elec-
The covalent bonds in molecules and giant struc-
trons each atom has; All electrons need to be paired
tures can be represented in the following forms
and shared.
5b.Properties of simple covalent compounds
Outer electrons,
with electron shells: Low melting and boiling points - This is because the weak
intermolecular forces break down easily. Simple molecu- Properties
lar substances are gases, liquids or solids with low melting High melting and boiling point – all carbons
and boiling points. have 3 strong covalent bonds which re-
quired extremely high temperatures to
Dot and cross – outer Non-conductive - Substances with a simple molecular break.
electrons only structure do not conduct electricity. This is because they
Conducts electricity – it has delocalised
do not have any free electrons or an overall electric
charge (ions). electrons.
Layers are weakly attracted meaning they
Hydrogen, ammonia, methane and water are also sim- can slide over each other useful as a lub-
Bond lines – to show a ple molecules with covalent bonds. All have very strong ricant.
bonds between the atoms, but much weaker forces
pair of shared electrons
holding the molecules together. When one of these sub- 7a. Graphene
stances melts or boils, it is these weak 'intermolecular Graphene is a smart material,
forces' that break, not the strong covalent bonds. because it is only one atom
6a. Giant covalent compounds and the properties
thick. Graphene is es-
Or as a stick and ball model:
Allotropes of carbon sentially a single layer
Diamond of carbon in the form
5a. Simple Covalent compounds of graphite, with its
These are the structures of the common simple layered structure of
covalent compounds. hexagonal rings of
Properties
Graphene fibres are strong.
High melting and boiling point – all carbons
Graphene is highly resistant to attack by strong
have 4 strong covalent bonds which re-
acids or strong alkalis and so can be used to
quired extremely high temperatures to
give surfaces an ultra-thin protective layer
break. (NO intermolecular forces)
which is transparent
Non-conductive as it does not have free elec-
trons or ions.
Extremely hard due to covalent bonds.
Atoms, Elements and Compounds
Watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxRGahK7B48
Task Description
1 Create a decorative cover sheet for your project using pictures and as many keywords from the topic as possible.
2 Draw or print a table to show the similarities and the differences between man-made and natural materials, also
include three examples for each
3 Produce a leaflet to show a diagram of atoms of an element such as iron or zinc
4 Draw or print the periodic table and label the sections of metals and the non-metals .Label and name the groups of
the periodic table
5 Draw or print a table for ten metal elements with their symbols and ten non-metal elements with their symbols
6 Find the definition of a compound and write down he names of three compounds and state the difference
between a compound and a mixture
7 Draw a poster to show the difference between chemical and physical changes. Include an example for each. State
how to identify a chemical change.
8 Name different compounds and molecules and list the rules for naming compounds with examples for each.
